Exact solution for Transient bending of a circular plate integrated with piezoelectric layers

This paper presents the exact, explicit solution for the transient motion of a circular plate surface bonded by two piezoelectric layers, based on Kirchhoff plate model. The distribution of eclectic potential along the thickness direction is simulated by a quadratic function so that the Maxwell static electricity equation is satisfied. The piezoelectric layers are electrically grounded over the edge and electrodes at the two surfaces of the piezoelectric layers are shortly connected. The differential equations of motion are solved for simply supported and clamped boundary conditions. The solutions are expressed by elementary Bessel functions and obtained via exact inverse Laplace transform.     

Maslov’s canonical operator,Hörmander’s formula,and localization of the Berry-Balazs solution in the theory of wave beams

For three-dimensional Schrödinger equations, we study how to localize exact solutions represented as the product of an Airy function (Berry-Balazs solutions) and a Bessel function and known as Airy-Bessel beams in the paraxial approximation in optics. For this, we represent such solutions in the form of Maslov’s canonical operator acting on compactly supported functions on special Lagrangian manifolds. We then use a result due to Hörmander, which permits using the formula for the commutation of a pseudodifferential operator with Maslov’s canonical operator to “move” the compactly supported amplitudes outside the canonical operator and thus obtain effective formulas preserving the structure based on the Airy and Bessel functions. We discuss the influence of dispersion effects on the obtained solutions.     

A numerical approximation for Volterra’s population growth model with fractional order

This paper presents a numerical scheme for approximate solutions of the fractional Volterra’s model for population growth of a species in a closed system. In fact, the Bessel collocation method is extended by using the time-fractional derivative in the Caputo sense to give solutions for the mentioned model problem. In this extended of the method, a generalization of the Bessel functions of the first kind is used and its matrix form is constructed. And then, the matrix form based on the collocation points is formed for the each term of this model problem. Hence, the method converts the model problem into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations. We give some numerical applications to show efficiency and accuracy of the method. In applications, the reliability of the technique is demonstrated by the error function based on accuracy of the approximate solution.     

Exact solutions of accelerated flows for a Burgers’ fluid II. The cases γ = λ2/4 and γ > λ2/4

The purpose of this study is to provide the exact analytic solutions of accelerated flows for a Burgers’ fluid when the relaxation times satisfy the conditions γ = λ²/4 and γ > λ²/4. The velocity field and the adequate tangential stress that is induced by the flow due to constantly accelerating plate and flow due to variable accelerating plate are determined by means of Laplace transform. All the solutions that have been obtained are presented in the form of simple or multiple integrals in terms of Bessel functions. A comparison between Burgers’ and Newtonian fluids for the velocity and the shear stress is also made through several graphs.     

Abstract Cauchy problem for the Bessel–Struve equation

We consider the Cauchy problem for the Bessel–Struve equation in a Banach space. A sufficient condition for the solvability of this problem is proved, and the solution operator is written in explicit form via the Bessel and Struve operator functions. A number of properties is established for the solutions.     

Scattering of S0 Lamb mode in plate with multiple damage

A study of scattering properties of S₀ mode Lamb wave in an infinite plate with multiple damage is presented. Plate theory and wave function expansion method are used to derive the analytical solutions for the scattering wave field in plate with a single damage, and by using the addition theorems of Bessel functions, interference phenomena between scattering wave fields from different damage is investigated. Measurements agree well between theoretical results and FE simulation study of plate with two damage and validity of the model is confirmed. Numerical results of scattering displacement field in plate with two and three damage are graphically presented and discussed. An assessment of effects of damage geometric properties on the scattering properties is made.     

The Fourth-order Bessel–type Differential Equation

The Bessel-type functions, structured as extensions of the classical Bessel functions, were defined by Everitt and Markett in 1994. These special functions are derived by linear combinations and limit processes from the classical orthogonal polynomials, classical Bessel functions and the Krall Jacobi-type and Laguerre-type orthogonal polynomials. These Bessel-type functions are solutions of higher-order linear differential equations, with a regular singularity at the origin and an irregular singularity at the point of infinity of the complex plane.

There is a Bessel-type differential equation for each even-order integer; the equation of order two is the classical Bessel differential equation. These even-order Bessel-type equations are not formal powers of the classical Bessel equation.

When the independent variable of these equations is restricted to the positive real axis of the plane they can be written in the Lagrange symmetric (formally self-adjoint) form of the Glazman–Naimark type, with real coefficients. Embedded in this form of the equation is a spectral parameter; this combination leads to the generation of self-adjoint operators in a weighted Hilbert function space. In the second-order case one of these associated operators has an eigenfunction expansion that leads to the Hankel integral transform.

This article is devoted to a study of the spectral theory of the Bessel-type differential equation of order four; considered on the positive real axis this equation has singularities at both end-points. In the associated Hilbert function space these singular end-points are classified, the minimal and maximal operators are defined and all associated self-adjoint operators are determined, including the Friedrichs self-adjoint operator. The spectral properties of these self-adjoint operators are given in explicit form.

From the properties of the domain of the maximal operator, in the associated Hilbert function space, it is possible to obtain a virial theorem for the fourth-order Bessel-type differential equation.

There are two solutions of this fourth-order equation that can be expressed in terms of classical Bessel functions of order zero and order one. However it appears that additional, independent solutions essentially involve new special functions not yet defined. The spectral properties of the self-adjoint operators suggest that there is an eigenfunction expansion similar to the Hankel transform, but details await a further study of the solutions of the differential equation.     

Properties of the solutions of the fourth-order Bessel-type differential equation

The structured Bessel-type functions of arbitrary even-order were introduced by Everitt and Markett in 1994; these functions satisfy linear ordinary differential equations of the same even-order. The differential equations have analytic coefficients and are defined on the whole complex plane with a regular singularity at the origin and an irregular singularity at the point of infinity. They are all natural extensions of the classical second-order Bessel differential equation. Further these differential equations have real-valued coefficients on the positive real half-line of the plane, and can be written in Lagrange symmetric (formally self-adjoint) form. In the fourth-order case, the Lagrange symmetric differential expression generates self-adjoint unbounded operators in certain Hilbert function spaces. These results are recorded in many of the papers here given as references. It is shown in the original paper of 1994 that in this fourth-order case one solution exists which can be represented in terms of the classical Bessel functions of order 0 and 1. The existence of this solution, further aided by computer programs in Maple, led to the existence of a linearly independent basis of solutions of the differential equation. In this paper a new proof of the existence of this solution base is given, on using the advanced theory of special functions in the complex plane. The methods lead to the development of analytical properties of these solutions, in particular the series expansions of all solutions at the regular singularity at the origin of the complex plane.     

Simulating thin plate bending problems by a family of two-parameter homogenization functions

This study develops a simple and effective numerical technique, which aims to accurately and quickly address thin plate bending problems. Based on the given boundary conditions, the thin plate homogenization function is constructed and a family of two-parameter homogenization functions are derived. Then, the superposition of homogenization functions method for the thin plate, the clamped plate, and the simply supported plate is obtained, which is meshless without numerical integration and iteration with the merits of easy-to-program and easy-to-implement. Six numerical experiments are employed to verify the effectiveness, accuracy and convergence of the proposed novel strategy. The proposed method is evaluated by the comparisons with the analytical solutions and the referenced solutions. It can be observed that the proposed method is quite accurate for the thin plate, the clamped plate, and the simply supported plate problems.     

On closed-form solutions of triple series equations involving Laguerre polynomials

We consider some triple series equations involving generalized Laguerre polynomials. These equations are reduced to triple integral equations for Bessel functions. The closed-form solutions of the triple integral equations for Bessel functions are obtained and, finally, we get the closed-form solutions of triple series equations for Laguerre polynomials.     

Exact Fourier expansion in cylindrical coordinates for the three-dimensional Helmholtz Green function

A new method is presented for Fourier decomposition of the Helmholtz Green function in cylindrical coordinates, which is equivalent to obtaining the solution of the Helmholtz equation for a general ring source. The Fourier coefficients of the Green function are split into their half advanced + half retarded and half advanced–half retarded components, and closed form solutions for these components are then obtained in terms of a Horn function and a Kampé de Fériet function respectively. Series solutions for the Fourier coefficients are given in terms of associated Legendre functions, Bessel and Hankel functions and a hypergeometric function. These series are derived either from the closed form 2-dimensional hypergeometric solutions or from an integral representation, or from both. A simple closed form far-field solution for the general Fourier coefficient is derived from the Hankel series. Numerical calculations comparing different methods of calculating the Fourier coefficients are presented. Fourth order ordinary differential equations for the Fourier coefficients are also given and discussed briefly.     

Discrete Bessel functions and partial difference equations

We introduce a new class of discrete Bessel functions and discrete modified Bessel functions of integer order. After obtaining some of their basic properties, we show that these functions lead to fundamental solutions of the discrete wave equation and discrete diffusion equation.     

Bessel identities in the waldspurger correspondence over the real numbers

We prove certain identities between Bessel functions attached to irreducible unitary representations ofPGL ₂(R) and Bessel functions attached to irreducible unitary representations of the double cover ofSL ₂(R). These identities give a correspondence between such representations which turns out to be the Waldspurger correspondence. In the process we prove several regularity theorems for Bessel distributions which appear in the relative trace formula. In the heart of the proof lies a classical result of Weber and Hardy on a Fourier transform of classical Bessel functions. This paper constitutes the local (real) spectral theory of the relative trace formula for the Waldspurger correspondence for which the global part was developed by Jacquet. Research of first author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0070762. Research of second author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-9729992 and DMS 9971003.     

Exact Fourier expansion in cylindrical coordinates for the three-dimensional Helmholtz Green function

A new method is presented for Fourier decomposition of the Helmholtz Green function in cylindrical coordinates, which is equivalent to obtaining the solution of the Helmholtz equation for a general ring source. The Fourier coefficients of the Green function are split into their half advanced + half retarded and half advanced–half retarded components, and closed form solutions for these components are then obtained in terms of a Horn function and a Kampé de Fériet function respectively. Series solutions for the Fourier coefficients are given in terms of associated Legendre functions, Bessel and Hankel functions and a hypergeometric function. These series are derived either from the closed form 2-dimensional hypergeometric solutions or from an integral representation, or from both. A simple closed form far-field solution for the general Fourier coefficient is derived from the Hankel series. Numerical calculations comparing different methods of calculating the Fourier coefficients are presented. Fourth order ordinary differential equations for the Fourier coefficients are also given and discussed briefly.     

Special functions of generalized complex variables in problems of diffraction of elastic shear waves in anisotropic media

We consider the special sk functions of a certain pair of generalized complex variables introduced in the text. These functions form the base functions of particular solutions of the interior and exterior type for the equation describing elastic shear vibrations in an anisotropic medium with a plane of elastic vibrations symmetry. The functions are represented the form of absolutely convergent series and recursion relations, derivative formulas, addition theorems, and asymptotic forms are obtained. Solutions of the metaharmonic equation in cylindrical Bessel functions represent special cases of the solutions constructed here.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Prikladnaya Mekhanika, No. 18, pp. 79–83, 1987.     

Expansion of Cylindrical Bessel Functions in Terms of Trigonometric Functions

Using generating trigonometric functions, Bessel functions ofthe zero and first orders are expressed in terms of infiniteseries of trigonometric functions. The expansions are exactand in a truncated form may be used for accurate and rapid computationof the above or higher order Bessel Functions.     

Exact and Approximate Analytical Solutions to a Problem on Plane Modes of Free Oscillations of a Rectangular Orthotropic Plate with Free Edges,with the Use of Triginometric Basis Functions

The linear problem on plane modes of free oscillations of a rectangular orthotropic plate with free unloaded edges is considered. A procedure for constructing displacement functions exactly satisfying the boundary conditions, with the use of double-trigonometric basis functions, is offered. Exact and approximated analytical solutions to the problem formulated are found, which presumably describe all plane modes of free oscillations of the plate in the class of the functions indicated. It is established that, in the use of variational principles, the variations of required functions must be considered not only arbitrary, but also mutually independent. Therefore, the solutions constructed give physically reliable results for the frequencies and modes of free oscillations only if the problem is stated in the form of Bubnov variation equations, which depend on the structure of displacement functions. It is found that the exact analytical solutions of the problem correspond to oscillation modes without shear strains. It is shown that it is possible to select such solutions from them which correspond to trigonometric functions with a zero harmonic in one direction. These solutions describe only flexural oscillation modes of the plate, and the results obtained are equivalent to those given by the classical Kirchhoff model known in the theory of rods, plates, and shells.__________Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 461–488, July–August, 2005.     

Free vibration analysis of circular plates by differential transformation method

This study analyses the free vibrations of circular thin plates for simply supported, clamped and free boundary conditions. The solution method used is differential transform method (DTM), which is a semi-numerical-analytical solution technique that can be applied to various types of differential equations. By using DTM, the governing differential equations are reduced to recurrence relations and its related boundary/regularity conditions are transformed into a set of algebraic equations. The frequency equations are obtained for the possible combinations of the outer edge boundary conditions and the regularity conditions at the center of the circular plate. Numerical results for the dimensionless natural frequencies are presented and then compared to the Bessel function solution and the numerical solutions that appear in literature. It is observed that DTM is a robust and powerful tool for eigenvalue analysis of circular thin plates.     

Separation of Eigenvalues of the Wave Equation for the Unit Ball in RN

It is shown that π is the infinium gap between the consecutive square roots of the eigenvalues of the wave equation in a hypespherical domain for both the Neumann (free) and the full range of mixed (elastic) homogeneous boundary conditions. Previous literature contains the same information apparently only for the Dirichlet (fixed) boundary condition. These square roots of the eigenvalues are the zeros of solutions of a differential equation in Bessel functions (first kind) and their first derivatives. The infinium gap is uniform for Bessel functions of orders x ≥ ½ (as well as for x = 0). The intervals between the roots are actually monotone decreasing in length. These results are obtained by interlacing zeros of Bessel and associated functions and comparing their relative displacements with oscillation theory. If W_l denotes the lth positive root for some fixed order x, the minimum gap property assures that {exp(±iw_lt|l = 1, 2,...} form a Riesz basis in L²(0, τ) for τ > 2. This has application to the problem of controlling solutions of the wave equation by controlling the boundary values.     

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of viscoelastic beams using a fractional rheological model

The paper presents quasi-static analysis, classical and fractional dynamic analysis of a simply supported viscoelastic beam subjected to uniformly distributed load, where the Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative is of the order ν ∈ (0, 1). A comparative study of the results obtained for a classical and fractional Zener model using the techniques of Laplace transform, Bessel functions theory and binomial series is achieved. The graphic representations show how the existence of fractional derivative in the selected rheological model influences the dynamic response of the structure. This paper provides a theoretical basis for researchers who want to choose a mathematical model that will precisely fit with a particular experimental model.