导电高聚物的EXAFS 研究(Ⅰ)铂氯酸(H2PtCl6·6H2O)掺杂的聚乙炔

在实验室EXAFS装置上测量了一种导电高聚物——H_2PtCl_6·6H_2O掺杂聚乙炔和模型化合物(K_2PtCl_6)的PtL_Ⅲ吸收谱。用高功率的施转阳极靶X射线发生器(RigakuRU-1000)作为X射线源。观测到的EXAFS数据分析表明, Pt原子在试样中有两种配位状态。一种是PtCl_6~(2-)离子, Pt—Cl键长为0.233 nm, 另一种是Pt在0.228 nm附近有两个最近邻的Cl原子。实验结果提供了支持下述观点的直接结构信息: 随着电子从(CH)_x链向铂盐的转移, 发生下列反应:2H_2PtCl_6+2e~-→PtCl_6~(2-)+PtCl_2+4HCl     

导电高聚物的EXAFS研究(Ⅱ)FeCl_3掺杂的聚噻吩

聚噻吩是一种共轭有机高聚物,其结构如图1所示。类似于聚乙炔,经电子受体掺杂后的聚噻吩,呈现出较高的电导率。为了阐明导电高聚物的电导机制,必须搞清掺杂后掺杂剂的化学结构和高分子链与掺杂剂之间的相互作用。前文我们报道了用扩展X射线吸收精细结构(EXAFS)谱对H_2PtCl_6·6H_2O掺杂聚乙炔的研究,本文报道对FeCl_3掺杂聚噻吩的研究结果。     

前驱体水解对纳米铂形状控制合成的影响

以聚丙烯酸钠(NaPA: M_w ≈ 2100)为保护剂，对比研究了H_2还原K_2PtCl_4 和K_2PtCl_6水溶液制备纳米铂晶粒的形状选择性，揭示了前驱体的水解对纳米铂 晶粒的形状控制合成具有显著影响。文献中通常采用的合成立方形状纳米铂的 K_2PtCl_4前驱体在水溶液中不稳定，避光静置一周会析出黑色沉淀。这种不稳定 性导致了以K_2PtCl_4为Pt前驱体的合成结果难以重复。相比而言，避光静墨的 K_2PtCl_6水溶液很稳定，以它为前驱体合成的纳米铂通常为削角八面体。 K_2PtCl_6水溶液暴露于室内光线中会出现[PtCl_6]~(-2)的光致水解。当[PtCl_6] ~(2-)的紫外特征吸收峰(260nm)由于光致水解完全消失后，以聚丙烯酸钠为保护剂 ，通过H_2还原可以有选择性地(约80%)合成由{100}晶面包裹的立方体形状的纳米 铂。     

牛血清白蛋白与四氯合铂(Ⅱ)酸根、顺铂及顺式二水二氨合铂(Ⅱ)相互作用的研究

用平衡透析、凝胶色谱等方法研究了牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与PtCl_4~(2-)、顺铂及cis-[Pt(NH_3)_2(H_2O)_2]~(2+)的相互作用。结果表明,顺铂与BSA在25℃作用4小时,未发现BSA结合铂,而在37℃作用20小时后BSA与铂(Ⅱ)有一定的结合。BSA对PtCl_4~(2-)有一个强结合部位,3个弱结合部位,结合常数分别为4.0×10~4及1.1×10~3。BSA对cis-[Pt(NH_3)_2(H_2O)_2]~(2+)有2个专一性结合部位,结合常数K_1=9.0×10~4,有2-3个非专一性结合部位,K_2=2.4×10~2,BSA与cis-[Pt(NH_3)_2(H_2O)_2]~(2+)的反应对BSA是一级反应,速度常数k=0.012分~(-1)。     

异核金属簇合成及催化作用的研究——Ⅲ.从铂(Ⅳ)合成铂(Ⅱ)的膦络合物Pt[P(C_6H_5)_3]_2Cl_2

本文报道从高价铂(Ⅳ)络合物K_2PtCl_6和三苯基膦反应,一步合成Pt[P(C_6H_5)_3]_2Cl_2的新方法。根据副产物三苯基氧化膦(C_6H_5)_3PO的分离和鉴定,表明三苯基膦在反应中既是配位体,又是还原剂。     

铂胶体粒子的形貌控制研究

在含有草酸根稳定剂的水溶液中,以氢气还原K_2[Pt(C_2O_4)_2], K_2PtCl_6以及K_2PtCl_4制备形状不同的Pt胶体粒子,其平均尺寸分别为6.5, 3. 5和7.9nm。UV-vis和电镜研究结果表明,还原速度,Pt纳米粒子的尺寸和形状分布 均与所用前体有关。以K_2[Pt(C_2O_4)_2]为前体制备的Pt胶体粒子具有很窄的尺 寸和形状分布,立方形粒子所占比例为93%。以K_2PtCl_4或K_2PtCl_6为前体制备 的Pt胶体粒子的形状分布较宽。草酸根稳定的Pt胶体在空气中放置时,Pt胶体粒子 催化草酸根氧化分解,使得胶体溶液中草酸根浓度降低,Pt胶体粒子形成线状聚集 体,氢气处理后,线状聚集体转化为Pt金属纳米线。     

用X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究聚-γ-二苯基膦丙基硅氧烷-铂络合物的结构及其催化活性

本文用X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了聚-γ-二苯基膦丙基硅氧烷-铂络合物,证明了这一催化剂是络合物,提出了它的可能结构,探讨了催化剂制备中不同的P/Pt克分子比及其所催化体系的酸碱度对它的活性的影响。由不同条件下催化剂中两个分离的Cl_(2P)光电子峰强度得出:适当的P/Pt克分子比和HCl加入催化体系所导致的活性提高是由于络合物中反映H_2PtCl_6分子络合特征程度的增加。     

超微量铂、铑连续催化极谱测定及其催化波机理的探讨

确定以1.5N H_2SO_4-1.2%NH_4Cl-0.0012M(CH_2)_6N_4-0.003%N_2H_4·H_2SO_(4)为连续测定超微量铂、铑的催化极谱体系。铂、铑在此体系中同时分别产生峰电位103V和-1.27 V(对S.C.E.)的催化氢波。利用此两催化波可检出0.01 Ppb铂和0.0025 ppb铑在确定条件下,铂的浓度在0.05～1.0ppb范围内,铑的浓度在0.0025～0.10)ppb范围内的相应催化电流与它们的浓度间有良好的线性关系。铂、铑比为200∶1及1∶10时的测定互不干扰。研究产生铑催化波的机理,证明此波是体系中六次甲基四胺水解产物甲醛与[RhCl_6]~(3-)形成的配阴离子[Rh(CH_2O)_2Cl_4]~-催化氢离子放电的结果。证明铂催化波属催化氢波,其生成机理是:六次甲基四胺水解中间产物CH_2=NH或最终产物甲醛与硫酸肼反应生成的(CH_2-X)_2与[PtCl_6]~2-构成配阴离子[Pt(CH_2=N)_2Cl_5]~-催化氢离子放电的结果,并提出具有CH_2-N基的物质可使铂产生高灵敏度的催化波。由于硫酸肼能与催化体系中水解产物甲醛作用,既形成能产生铂催化波的(CH_2=N)_2,又能控制体系中甲醛量而有利于活性配合物[Rh(CH_2O)_2Cl_4]~-的形成,从而保持铑、铂催化波的稳定性。     

N-(1-亚氨基乙基)乙脒铂配合物合成、结构和性质

四氯合铂酸钾分别与邻、间、对磺基苯甲酸在乙腈和水中利用水热合成获得了3个铂的N-(1-亚氨基乙基)乙脒配合物:[Pt(NIA)_2]·(2-sb)·2H_2O(1),[Pt(NIA)_2]·(3-sb)·3H_2O(2)和[Pt(NIA)_2]·(1,4-dsb)·2H_2O(3)(NIA=N-(1-亚氨基乙基)乙脒,2-sb~2-=2-磺基苯甲酸二价阴离子、3-sb~2-=3-磺基苯甲酸二价阴离子、1,4-dsb~2-=1,4-二磺基苯二价阴离子)。合成过程中发生了乙氰三聚以及4-sb~2-转变为1,4-dsb~2-的反应。对配合物进行了元素分析、红外、紫外、荧光、热重和粉末X射线衍射表征,并利用单晶X射线衍射测定了配合物的晶体结构。3个配合物为阳离子-阴离子物种,阳离子为[Pt(NIA)_2]~(2+),中心金属离子四配位平面构型;阴离子与阳离子、水形成氢键,组成一个三维网络结构,但3个配合物的氢键模式不同。配合物在热稳定性、荧光性质上有一定差异。     

醇蒸气发光敏感器用聚4-乙烯基吡啶铂（Ⅱ）配合物的研究

将小分子金属配合物[Pt(C^N^N)Cl](HC^N^N=6-(4-苯基)-2,2′-联吡啶)连接到高分子P4VP(聚4-乙烯基吡啶)侧链上,制备了聚4-乙烯基吡啶铂(Ⅱ)配合物[(P4VP)Pt(C^N^N)]Cl。此高分子配合物旋涂膜对醇蒸气具有高度的识别响应能力:膜的荧光强度在醇蒸气中迅速猝灭。而在氮气流中,荧光又能够重新开启。整个过程可逆、迅速。膜对不同醇蒸气的敏感能力差别顺序为:甲醇>乙醇>异丙醇。并且荧光强度变化和醇蒸气浓度在一定范围内,具有好的线性关系。此外膜对以上醇蒸气的监测LOD(limit of detection)分别是9.5、16.1和11 ppm。     

The preparation and properties of dicarbonyl-h5-cyclopentadienyliron h2-vinyl ether and h2-ketene acetal complexes

Metallation of >-haloacetals wth sodium dicarbonyl-h⁵-cyclopentadienyl- ferrate (Fp^-) provides a convenient point of departure for the synthesis of alhyde -iron complexes (FpCHRCHO) and of h²-vinyl alcohol and vinyl ether cations [Fp(CH₂=CHOR)]⁺. These latter complexes are shown to be best described as distorted dihapto cation. Treatment of FpCOCH₂OMe with strong acid leads to the ketene hemiacetal cation [Fp(CH₂=C(OH)OMe)]⁺ rather than to the expected ketene complex. This substance, as well as the acetal cation [Fp(CH₂=C(OMe)OEt)]⁺ prepared by alkylation of FpCH₂COOMe, may possess the structure of an h¹-metal complex incorporating a carboxonium ion. A correlation is shown to exist between the chemical shift of cyclopentadienyl protons and the average infrared carbonyl stretching frequency in a variety of Fp(olefin)⁺ FpR complexes.     

Synthesis of 2-alkyl-1,2,4-benzotriazin-3(2h)-ones and 2-alkyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazin-3(2h)-ones

A preparative method for the synthesis of 2-alkyl-1,2,4-benzotriazin-3(2H)-ones 3 was developed. The method involves treatment with sodium cyanate of 2-alkylbenzotetrazinium tetrafluoroborates, which exist in solutions in equilibrium with o-(alkylazo)aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates. Reduction of compounds 3 with zinc in acetic acid afforded 2-alkyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazin-3(2H)-ones. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 346–349, February, 2006.     

Improved preparation of h5-C5H5 Fe(CO)2(h1-alkyl) complexes from [h5-C5H5Fe(CO)2(h2-alkene)]+BF4−

Sodium cyanoborohydride has been found to be very effective for the conversion of [(h⁵-C₅H₅)Fe(CO)₂(h²-alkene)]⁺BF₄^? complexes to the corresponding h¹-alkyl derivatives.     

Planar D 2h B26H8, D 2h B26H8 2+, and C 2h B26H6: Building Blocks of Stable Boron Sheets with Twin-Hexagonal Holes

The most stable mono-layer boron sheets were predicted to have both the isolated hexagonal hole and the twin-hexagonal hole. Previous investigations indicate that planar B₁₈H _n ^q (n = 3–6, q = n ? 4) are the building blocks of boron sheets with isolated hexagonal holes. Extensive DFT investigations performed in this work show that D _2h B₂₆H₈, D _2h B₂₆H₈ ²⁺, and C ₂ B₂₆H₆, may serve as the building blocks of boron sheets with twin-hexagonal holes. These bicyclic clusters possess planar or quasi-planar geometries at B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level, with 16, 14, and 14 delocalized π electrons, respectively. Detailed analyses indicate that they are overall aromatic in nature, with the formation of islands of both σ and π aromaticity. They are analogous to D _2h C₁₆H₁₄ and D _2h C₁₆H₁₄ ²⁺ in π bonding patterns, respectively, but fundamentally different from the latter in σ-bonding. Remarkably, all of them appear to be energetically the lowest-lying isomers obtained, which are promising targets for future gas phase syntheses. These hydroboron clusters, together with B₁₈H _n ^q clusters, establish the molecular basis for modeling the short-range structures, nucleation, and growth processes of monolayer boron sheets. The results obtained in this work enrich the chemistry of boron hydride clusters and expand the analogy relationship between hydroborons and hydrocarbons.     

{[(C6H5)3P]2Cu}2B12H12配合物晶体和分子结构

{[(C_6H_5)_3P]_2Cu}_2B_(12)H_(12)配合物晶体属三斜晶系,空间群 PI,晶胞参数为 a=12.134(3),b=15.521(3),c=11.236(3)(?);α=94.41(2)°,β=115.41(2)°,γ=103.47(2)°;Z=1.结构通过重原子 Patterson 及 Fourier 法解出,经块对角矩阵最小二乘法修正,对3699个独立衍射点的计算,最终偏离因子 R 为0.084.结构测定表明,硼笼阴离子 B_(12)H_(12)~(2-)位于晶体对称中心上,它通过两个螯合环■分别与以对称中心相联系的两个Cu(Ⅰ)原子配位,每个Cu(Ⅰ)原子进一步得到两个三苯基膦配位,形成近似四面体的配位结构.硼笼 B_(12)H_(12)~(2-)中的 B—B 平均键长为1.78■,B—H 为1.16■,Cu—P 和 Cu—B 的平均距离分别为2.270(4)和2.39(2)■.在螯合环■■的两个三中心键 Cu—H—B 中,Cu—H 的距离为1.82和1.88■,螯合环的五个原子几乎完全共面.     

Photooxygenation of pyrazin-2(1h)-ones

1-Alkyl-5,6-diphenylpyra2in-2(1H)-ones (1a-b) reacted with singlet oxygen in dichloromethane to afford the stable endoperoxide (1a-b), while in methanol to afford the 1:1-adduct (3a-b) of the endoperoxide (2a-b) and methanol.     

Structure of binary sulfides withD 2h 16 symmetry

CAS-PAN analysis for revealing close-packed cristallographic planes is performed to investigate the structures of a series of binary chalcogenides containing heavy cations and having D _2h ¹⁶ , symmetry with a short spacing perpendicular to the mirror plane. For chalcogenides with complex compositions, complex relationships between planes are typically observed. Absolute ordering of atoms by mirror planes generally coexists with ordering along the other two directions. By analogy with simple sulfides, these structures have cationic and anionic matrices of AA′ type, that is, one-layer hexagonal packing of trigon nets with a base plane split into two planes and with a doubled number of sites with respect to the number of atoms. Translated fromZhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 324–334, March–April, 2000.     

Reactions of γ-acyloxy-β-ketophosphonates: New routes to 3(2h)- and 2(3h)-dihydrofuranones

Depending on the reaction conditions, γ-acyloxy-β-ketophosphonate anions can undergo either an intramolecular Wittig-like condensation or an unexpected rearrangement which affords an enol ester product.     

Palladium-catalyzed polyhetero-claisen rearrangement of 4-allylthiopyrimidin-2(1h)-ones and 5-allylthio-1,2,4-triazin-3(2h)-ones

The S → N allylic transposition of 4-allylthiopyrimidin-2(lH)-ones 4 and 5-allylthio-1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-ones 5 has been performed successfully by catalysis of palladium(II) salts. In both cases the N-alkylated products (6 and 7) are obtained with no traces of the C-alkylated products.