一种新的手性拆分方法-包结拆分

综述了手性包结拆分方法在拆分外消旋化合物中的应用,并讨论了包结拆分中的手性识别原理。     

手性亚砜类化合物的包结拆分

本文简要综述了手性亚砜类化合物的包结拆分研究,介绍了吡啶亚砜类化合物（包括苯并咪唑类抗胃溃疡药物）的包结拆分研究的最近进展。     

药物的手性拆分

手性药物在医学应用中具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了常用药物的手性拆分方法,包括机械拆分法、经典成盐拆分法、色谱拆分方法及酶拆分法等的拆分原理,并对它们的应用领域及优缺点进行了比较分析。以期对新药的手性拆分及现有药物的拆分优化提供一般的理论参考。     

液相色谱手性拆分机理的热力学方法研究

手性识别是分子识别的一个重要组成部分。液相色谱手性拆分机理研究有助于色谱条件的优化和新型手性固定相的设计,也有助于理解手性识别机制。本文就线性色谱与非线性色谱条件下手性拆分过程对应热力学参数的推求方法进行了评述,阐述了相关热力学参数的涵义及其在色谱保留及手性拆分机理探讨中的应用,并展望了该领域的研究前景。     

液相色谱手性拆分机理的热力学方法研究

手性识别是分子识别的一个重要组成部分。液相色谱手性拆分机理研究有助于色谱条件的优化和新型手性固定相的设计,也有助于理解手性识别机制。本文就线性色谱与非线性色谱条件下手性拆分过程对应热力学参数的推求方法进行了评述,阐述了相关热力学参数的涵义及其在色谱保留及手性拆分机理探讨中的应用,并展望了该领域的研究前景。     

液相色谱手性拆分机理的热力学方法研究

手性识别是分子识别的一个重要组成部分.液相色谱手性拆分机理研究有助于色谱条件的优化和新型手性固定相的设计,也有助于理解手性识别机制.本文就线性色谱与非线性色谱条件下手性拆分过程对应热力学参数的推求方法进行了评述,阐述了相关热力学参数的涵义及其在色谱保留及手性拆分机理探讨中的应用,并展望了该领域的研究前景.     

α-酸糖蛋白手性柱对56种手性化合物的拆分

采用α-酸糖蛋白手性固定相(Chiral-AGP),固定流动相pH、流速,化合物样品浓度,考察酸性、碱性、中性手性化合物和21个氨基酸在α-酸糖蛋白手性柱上的拆分情况.应用高效液相色谱法,α-酸糖蛋白手性柱对上述手性样品拆分,一共有8个中性化合物、3个碱性化合物、6个酸性化合物和5个氨基酸得到手性对映分离.探讨了α-酸糖蛋白手性柱对酸性、中性、碱性样品的拆分能力并进行对比,结果证明α-酸糖蛋白手性柱拆分中性化合物和酸性化合物效果最好,拆分碱性化合物和氨基酸效果不好,为α-酸糖蛋白手性柱适合于拆分哪一类型的手性化合物提供参考.     

纤维素型手性固定相拆分亚砜系列化合物

在纤维素型手性固定相Ch iralcel OD-H正相条件下对6个亚砜化合物进行了拆分,考察了流动相中极性醇添加剂的含量、柱温等对保留及手性拆分效果的影响。与手性硫原子相连的苯环上含有吸电子取代基的化合物拆分效果不理想,而苯甲亚砜、苯乙亚砜及对甲氧基苯甲亚砜得到了基线分离。当流动相为正己烷:异丙醇(92.5∶7.5,V/V),流速1.0 mL/m in,柱温25℃时,3个化合物的分离因子分别为1.351、1.369和1.151,出峰时间在26 m in以内。利用热力学方法对手性拆分机理进行了深入探讨。     

金属纳米粒子在手性拆分及手性识别领域中的应用

手性是自然界的本质属性,开发新的快速、高效、灵敏的手性分离分析方法对于对映体的立体选择性合成、手性药物的药理研究、对映体的纯度分析以及环境监测均具有重要意义。金属纳米粒子具有比表面积大、稳定性好和表面易修饰等优点,因而可作为理想的载体用于手性色谱领域;由于导带电子的集体震荡而产生的特殊的表面等离子体共振、荧光和催化性能等,使得金属纳米粒子在光学、电化学等手性传感器方面的应用和理论研究也不断深入。该文对近年来不同类型金属纳米粒子(金纳米粒子、银纳米粒子、量子点、磁性纳米粒子等)在手性分离和手性识别领域的应用现状进行了综述,并对该领域今后的发展进行了展望。     

纤维素类手性固定相高效液相色谱法拆分三唑类手性化合物

采用纤维素-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)手性固定相(Chiralcel OD)和纤维素-三(4-甲基苯基甲酸酯)手性固定相(Chiralcel OJ),在正相高效液相(N-HPLC)模式下,基线拆分了两个系列共13个结构类似的三唑类手性化合物,结果发现,当手性固定相(Chiral Stationary Phase,CSP)可以与溶质分子之间形成较强氢键时,Chiralcel OD的手性识别能力明显优于Chiraleel OJ,当手性固定相(CSP)与溶质分子之间不能或难于形成氢键时,两种CSP的手性拆分能力相似;提高流动相中极性改性剂的极性有利于手性化合物的拆分。在反相高效液相(R-HPLC)模式下,共基线拆分了8个三唑类手性化合物,实验发现,OJ-CSP的手性拆分能力明显优于OD-CSP．它们对对映体分子的选择性主要受CSP与溶质分子间的π-π相互作用的影响。     

改进的分子连接性方法

通过用Mulliken键级来加权分子连接性指数中的点价,使分子轨道理论与分子连接性指数有机地结合起来,将分子连接性指数改进成为一种量子拓扑指数。对比发现,分子连接性指数的点价与Mulliken键级具有相近的物理意义,而Mulliken键级更具有独特的优越性。利用改进的分子连接性指数对几种具有代表性的烃类与其体积、疏水常数以及热力学性质进行了关联,得到了满意的结果。     

A novel method for enzyme design

Rational design of enzymes is a stringent test of our understanding of protein structure and function relationship, which also has numerous potential applications. We present a novel method for enzyme design that can find good candidate protein scaffolds in a protein-ligand database based on vector matching of key residues. Residues in the vicinity of the active site were also compared according to a similarity score between the scaffold protein and the target enzyme. Suitable scaffold proteins were selected, and the side chains of residues around the active sites were rebuilt using a previously developed side-chain packing program. Triose phosphate isomerase (TIM) was used as a validation test for enzyme design. Selected scaffold proteins were found to accommodate the enzyme active sites and successfully form a good transition state complex. This method overcomes the limitations of the current enzyme design methods that use limited number of protein scaffold and based on the position of ligands. As there are a large number of protein scaffolds available in the Protein Data Band, this method should be widely applicable for various types of enzyme design.     

Inclusion and gelation properties of novel tetra- and hexasalicylide derivatives

Some novel tetra- and hexasalicylide derivatives were synthesized. The tetrasalicylides having a 5-substituted halogen atom on the aromatic ring form organogels with several kinds of organic solvents, whereas the parent compound does not. In contrast, hexasalicylides form stable inclusion crystals with several organic guest molecules.     

A novel method for monolayer deposition: water seepage method

A method has been developed to deposit monolayers of a supramolecular assembly of amphiphiles onto solid substrates. A stable monolayer in a solid state is allowed to form at the air-water interface. The subphase is then allowed to seep out at a controlled rate and the monolayer descends and ultimately is deposited on the solid substrate. The quality of the films thus formed is comparable to that of the film deposited by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. The method is simple, cost-effective and adaptable for scaling up for industrial application or scaling down for specialized use.     

A novel method for the dealumination of zeolites

A wide range of halogen containing reagents (metal halides, oxyhalides, acid halides, etc.) are found to interact from the gas phase with exchange ions of zeolites and to effect dealumination at elevated temperatures. The incorporation of extraneous ions into the framework by this technique is not impossible theoretically. The importance of the method in the preparation of dealuminated and/or metal containing catalysts is discussed.

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A novel method for the synthesis of dichloroalkenes

A novel convenient method for the synthesis of dichloroalkenes was developed. The method involves catalytic olefination of hydrazones of aliphatic carbonyl compounds with bromo(trichloro)methane.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2538–2540, November, 2004.     

A novel method for the bromination of thiophenes

A novel, fast and convenient method for the bromination of thiophenes and oligothiophenes with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) using ultrasonic irradiation is elaborated. The yield of bromothiophenes strongly depends on the initial thiophene structure and nature of the solvent.