激光诱导AZ31B镁合金薄板动态响应实验研究

为分析在激光冲击波作用下AZ31B镁合金薄板背面的动态响应,采用聚偏氟乙烯贴片传感器与数字示波器对强激光诱导的冲击波进行测量,得到压电波形,结合冲击波的传播特性,对弹塑性双波的传播规律进行了研究。结果表明：激光诱导的材料动态响应是快速的;压电波形图反映出的弹性前驱波与塑性加载波传播到靶材背面的时间与理论时间相符;弹性前驱波能量小引发的波形振幅较小,紧随着的塑性加载波能量大并引起较大振幅波动,弹塑性双波卸载过程与紧接着的加载过程导致了压电信号的波动振幅提高。     

纳秒激光在铜靶材中诱导冲击波的实验研究

基于聚偏二氟乙烯压电传感器, 对铜靶材中纳秒激光脉冲诱导的冲击波传播过程进行了实验研究, 给出了铜靶材内冲击压强随激光脉冲能量和靶材厚度的变化规律. 实验结果表明: 500 mJ激光脉冲能量作用到2 mm厚的铜靶材产生的冲击压强达到2.1 MPa; 激光脉冲能量从200 mJ 增加到500 mJ, 在铜靶材厚度为2和4 mm条件下, 冲击压强分别增加了162%和231%; 而当铜靶材厚度从2 mm增加到6 mm时, 在400和500 mJ激光脉冲能量作用下, 铜靶材内冲击压强分别降低了32%和49%.     

飞秒激光冲击AZ31B镁合金过程的数值模拟

采用有限元分析法对飞秒激光冲击AZ31B镁合金进行数值模拟,研究了激光冲击处理对镁合金变形过程的影响,分析了单脉冲激光冲击下材料内部的位移、动能、应力和应变的分布情况,得到了材料的瞬态速度和应变率变化过程.仿真结果表明,单脉冲飞秒激光冲击镁合金产生的塑性变形,可在材料表面形成微米级凹坑,中心点处最大位移为34μm,最大变形速度390m/s;在冲击初期,材料表面的应力和应变主要分布在冲击区域中心节点和边缘附近,并且得到镁合金的最大应力和最大应变率分别为955 MPa和1.8×106 s-1.研究结果能够为深入分析飞秒激光与镁合金作用时材料变形参量的变化规律提供数值理论依据.     

铸态AZ31镁合金强流脉冲离子束改性

利用强流脉冲离子束（C+,H+）对变形镁合金AZ31的压铸件靶材分别进行1,5,10,20,30,50和100次辐照实验,分析辐照前后表面形貌和相组成,并检测辐照表面及横截面沿深度方向显微硬度。结果表明:HIPIB辐照次数对靶材形貌影响较大,多次辐照使靶材熔坑呈周期性变化趋势;-Mg17Al12相弥散分布于-Mg相中。1～30次辐照,表面显微硬度提高,其主要原因为晶粒细化及微应变导致的晶体缺陷;30～50次辐照,显微硬度显著降低,其原因在于晶体缺陷的演变,如位错移动导致的小角度晶界形成,甚至出现回复再结晶过程;50～100次辐照表面显微硬度略有降低,其原因在于辐照表面组织结构及热力学行为达到稳定态。辐照效应形成冲击应力波导致长程硬化,20次辐照的横截面显微硬度在距表层30 m和240 m处分别达到极大值1.0 GPa和1.3 GPa。     

铸态AZ31镁合金强流脉冲离子束改性

利用强流脉冲离子束（C+,H+）对变形镁合金AZ31的压铸件靶材分别进行1,5,10,20,30,50和100次辐照实验,分析辐照前后表面形貌和相组成,并检测辐照表面及横截面沿深度方向显微硬度。结果表明：HIPIB辐照次数对靶材形貌影响较大,多次辐照使靶材熔坑呈周期性变化趋势;-Mg17Al12相弥散分布于-Mg相中。1～30次辐照,表面显微硬度提高,其主要原因为晶粒细化及微应变导致的晶体缺陷;30～50次辐照,显微硬度显著降低,其原因在于晶体缺陷的演变,如位错移动导致的小角度晶界形成,甚至出现回复再结晶过程;50～100次辐照表面显微硬度略有降低,其原因在于辐照表面组织结构及热力学行为达到稳定态。辐照效应形成冲击应力波导致长程硬化,20次辐照的横截面显微硬度在距表层30 m和240 m处分别达到极大值1.0 GPa和1.3 GPa。     

长脉冲强激光整束热晕实验研究

研究脉冲时间1.8ms,输出能量约200J,光束发散角2mrad的自由振荡钕玻璃光束,经2m焦距透镜聚焦后穿过充有0～0.6MPa氨的热晕池(热晕池长1m)产十的整束热晕效应。用CCD系统测量激光束腰直径的时间积分值随氨气压的变化曲线及束腰光强空间分布图象,用数字显示式能量计测量热晕吸收系数,用硅光二极管—数字采集,分析仪—Roland绘图仪—计算机处理系统,测量激光中心光强随时间的变化曲线。用KDP倍频—高速分幅相机系统记录激光场强分布随时间的畸变。并用解析理论计算值与实验结果进行了分析比较。     

飞秒激光在铝膜中驱动冲击波的特性

为探索研究飞秒激光在材料中驱动冲击波的相关特性,采用激光脉冲频域干涉测试技术对脉冲宽度35 fs、脉冲能量0.7 mJ、功率密度1014 W/cm2量级的飞秒激光脉冲在200 nm厚铝膜中驱动冲击波的过程进行了实验测量。通过测量冲击波在铝膜中的渡越时间,获得激光脉冲在铝材料中驱动的冲击波平均速度约为6 km/s;通过对不同时刻铝膜自由面频域干涉场测量结果的分析,获得铝材料自由表面速度达1 km/s,根据平面冲击波的关系,推算其冲击压强达到9 GPa。     

飞秒激光在铝膜中驱动冲击波的特性

为探索研究飞秒激光在材料中驱动冲击波的相关特性,采用激光脉冲频域干涉测试技术对脉冲宽度35fs、脉冲能量0.7mJ、功率密度1014W/cm2量级的飞秒激光脉冲在200nm厚铝膜中驱动冲击波的过程进行了实验测量。通过测量冲击波在铝膜中的渡越时间,获得激光脉冲在铝材料中驱动的冲击波平均速度约为6km/s;通过对不同时刻铝膜自由面频域干涉场测量结果的分析,获得铝材料自由表面速度达1km/s,根据平面冲击波的关系,推算其冲击压强达到9GPa。     

用于软X射线激光实验的铝衰减膜的测量

对不同方法制备的不同厚度的铝衰减膜,用微机控制α测厚仪测量了膜的质量厚度以及膜厚均匀性,用Auser电子能谱(AES)对铝膜进行了组分的表面和深度分布分析,根据铝KLL Auger特征谱揭示了氧化膜的化学组分并测量了氧化膜厚度随放置时间的变化,还讨论了膜中其它杂质含量的上限。     

纳秒脉冲激光诱导水等离子体屏蔽的实验研究

基于激光阴影法测量原理,建立了一个记录纳秒脉冲激光诱导等离子体屏蔽现象的实验光路系统,探索了一种等离子体屏蔽图像的记录方法,对纳秒脉冲激光诱导水击穿形成等离子体的现象进行了研究.记录了在不同能量状态下出现的激光诱导等离子体屏蔽图像,发现了激光诱导水介质的等离子体屏蔽效应随作用光能量呈增强的趋势,首次观测到了在纳秒脉冲激光作用下液体中出现的线型击穿现象.本文研究结果可为水下激光加工研究、医疗以及激光在液体中的传播特性研究提供实验依据.     

Optimization of laser beam welding process parameters to attain maximum tensile strength in AZ31B magnesium alloy

An empirical relationship is developed to predict tensile strength of the laser beam welded AZ31B magnesium alloy by incorporating process parameters such as laser power, welding speed and focal position. The experiments were conducted based on a three factor, three level, central composite face centered design matrix with full replications technique. The empirical relationship can be used to predict the tensile strength of laser beam welded AZ31B magnesium alloy joints at 95% confidence level. The results indicate that the welding speed has the greatest influence on tensile strength, followed by laser power and focal position.     

Electrodeposition of Al-Mn alloy on AZ31B magnesium alloy in molten salts

The Al-Mn alloy coatings were electrodeposited on AZ31B Mg alloy in AlCl₃-NaCl-KCl-MnCl₂ molten salts at 170 °C aiming to improve the corrosion resistance. However, in order to prevent AZ31B Mg alloy from corrosion during electrodeposition in molten salts and to ensure excellent adhesion of coatings to the substrate, AZ31B Mg alloy should be pre-plated with a thin zinc layer as intermediate layer. Then the microstructure, composition and phase constituents of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was indicated that, by adjusting the MnCl₂ content in the molten salts from 0.5 wt% to 2 wt%, the Mn content in the alloy coating was increased and the phase constituents were changed from f.c.c Al-Mn solid solution to amorphous phase. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization measurements in 3.5% NaCl solution. It was confirmed that the Al-Mn alloy coatings exhibited good corrosion resistance with a chear passive region and significantly reduced corrosion current density at anodic potentiodynamic polarization. The corrosion resistance of the alloy coatings was also related with the microstructure and Mn content of the coatings.     

强磁与应力场耦合作用下AZ31镁合金塑性变形行为

研究强磁场对AZ31镁合金塑变能力和微观组织的作用,在3 T脉冲强磁场条件下对合金进行磁场耦合应力时的拉伸实验.采用电子背散射衍射、Ⅹ射线衍射和透射电镜分析等方法研究材料的微观组织.结果表明:与0 T拉伸试样相比,3 T拉伸试样抗拉强度和延伸率分别提高了2.2%和28.7%,说明将强磁场耦合作用于材料塑性变形过程时,能在不降低材料强度的同时提高镁合金的塑性变形能力,有助于同步改善材料强韧性.磁场作用机理主要表现为磁致塑性效应,计算表明主要合金相β(Mg_(17)Al_(12))为顺磁性,有助于发挥磁场作用效果.磁场提高了位错运动灵活性并促使位错增殖,晶界处位错堆积和应力集中促进了再结晶形成,晶粒发生细化,发挥细晶强韧化效果;同时磁场诱发塑性变形时的晶粒转动,新生成非基面取向的晶粒弱化了镁合金(0001)基面织构,该组织特征有助于提高材料的塑变能力.     

The influence of laser pulse waveform on laser-TIG hybrid welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy

By dividing laser pulse duration into two parts, three kinds of laser waveforms are designed, including a high power density pulse (HPDP) laser in a short duration set at the beginning of the laser waveform. This paper aims to find out the laser pulse waveform and idiographic critical values of HPDP, which can affect the magnesium penetration in laser-tungsten inert gas (TIG) hybrid welding. Results show that when the laser pulse duration of HPDP is not more than 0.4 ms, the welding penetration values of lasers with HPDP are larger than otherwise. Also, the welding penetration values of laser with HPDP have increased by up to 26.1%. It has been found that with HPDP, the laser can form the keyhole more easily because the interaction between laser and the plate is changed, when the TIG arc preheats the plate. Besides, the laser with high power density and short duration strikes on the plates so heavily that the corresponding background power can penetrate into the bottom of the keyhole and maintain the keyhole open, which facilitates the final welding penetration.     

Corrosion behaviors in physiological solution of cerium conversion coatings on AZ31 magnesium alloy

In this paper, a non-toxic Ce-based conversion coating was obtained on the surface of bio-medical AZ31 magnesium alloys. The micro-morphology of the coating prepared with optimal technical parameters and immersed in physiological solution (Hank's solution) in different time was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), composition of the cerium conversion coating and corrosion products in Hank's solution were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. In addition, the corrosion property in Hank's solution was studied by electrochemical experiment and immersion test. The results show that the dense Ce-based conversion coating is obtained on the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloys in optimal technical parameters and the conversion coating consists of a mass of trivalent and tetravalent cerium oxides. The cerium conversion coating can provide obvious protection of magnesium alloys and can effectively reduce the degradation speed in Hank's solution. Also the degradation products have little influence on human body.     

Effect of elastic strain energy on grain growth and texture in AZ31 magnesium alloy by phase-field simulation

A phase-field model is modified to investigate the grain growth and texture evolution in AZ31 magnesium alloy during stressing at elevated temperatures. The order parameters are defined to represent a physical variable of grain orientation in terms of three angles in spatial coordinates so that the grain volume of different order parameters can be used to indicate the texture of the alloy. The stiffness tensors for different grains are different because of elastic anisotropy of the magnesium lattice. The tensor is defined by transforming the standard stiffness tensor according to the angle between the (0001) plane of a grain and the direction of applied stress. Therefore, different grains contribute to different amounts of work under applied stress. The simulation results are well-explained by using the limited experimental data available, and the texture results are in good agreement with the experimental observations. The simulation results reveal that the applied stress strongly influences AZ31 alloy grain growth and that the grain-growth rate increases with the applied stress increasing, particularly when the stress is less than 400 MPa. A parameter (△d) is introduced to characterize the degree of grain-size variation due to abnormal grain growth; the △d increases with applied stress increasing and becomes considerably large only when the stress is greater than 800 MPa. Moreover, the applied stress also results in an intensive texture of the 〈0001〉 axis parallel to the direction of compressive stress in AZ31 alloy after growing at elevated temperatures, only when the applied stress is greater than 500 MPa.