一类退化抛物方程解的几何性质

本文讨论非线性退化抛物方程u_t=△φ(u)的Cauchy问题弱解u(x,t)的正则性与几何性质.本文证明:若正数β足够大,则曲面ψ=ψ(x,t)=[φ(u)]~β是随时间t的连续变化而漂浮于空间R~(n+1)中的n维完备黎曼流形,它与实欧氏空R~n相切于低维流形(?)H_n(t),而H_u(t)={x∈R~n:u(x,t)0);函数ψ(x,t)在经典的意义下满足另一退化抛物方程.     

关于双曲型方程的狄里赫利问题的两点注记

1°在文献[1]中D.Bourgin与R.Duffin研究了絃振动方程在矩形区域上可适定的狄里赫利问题,他们指出对于问题:若设(i)a=T/s为K阶代数无理数,(ii)φ(x),φ_1(x)∈C~(K+4)[0≤x≤s],ψ(t),ψ_1(t)∈C~(K+4)[0≤t≤T],φ(0)=φ(s)=φ_1(0)=φ_1(s)=ψ(T)=ψ_1(0)=ψ_1(T)=0,则定解问题(A)存在唯一解y(x,t)∈C~2[0≤x≤s,0≤t≤T]。他们的结果系利用代数数论中Liouville定理。由于Liouville定理已被Roth在1955年改进成最佳形式,     

二维Minkowski空间到完备Riemann流形Dirac波映射的Cauchy问题

本文证明了当目标流形是曲率有界的完备流形时,在Cauchy条件下,存在唯一的Dirac波映射满足(L)(φ,ψ)=∫R1+1{(|dφ|2+〈ψ,Dφψ〉}dtdx的Euler-Lagrange方程.     

纠正《高等数学》(同济四版)的一个错误

《高等数学》[1]中关于两类曲线积分关系的推导是错误的 .关于两类曲线积分关系有一个熟知的公式 ,即∫LP(x,y) dx+Q(x,y) dy=∫L [P(x,y) cosα+Q(x,y) cosβ]ds,(1 )其中 cosα,cosβ为有向弧段 L的切向量的方向余弦 .但《高等数学》中关于 (1 )的推导是错误的 .它给出曲线弧 L的参数方程x=φ(t) ,　 y=ψ(t) (2 )(注意从 (2 )中体现不出弧的方向 ) ,它又假定有向弧起点和终点的参数分别为 α和 β,然后下式成立∫LP(x,y) dx+Q(x,y) dy=∫βα {P[φ(t) ,ψ(t) ]φ′(t) +Q[φ(t) ,ψ(t) ]ψ′(t) }dt. (3)它又设有向弧切向量为t={…     

Jaulent-Miodek族产生的一个完全可积的有限维三次系统

本文研究Jaulent-Miodek族的对易表示,在无反射位势的特征函数表示:即 q=-〈ψ_2,ψ_2〉,r=(Aψ_2,ψ2); (q,r)~T≡f(ψ),ψ≡(ψ_1,ψ_2)~T所诱导的约束条件下,Jaulent-Miodek族的Lax对的空间部分被非线性化为一个完全可积系统(R~(2N),dψ_1∧dψ_2,H=(?)_0),其中(?)_0=i〈Aψ_1,ψ_2〉+1/2〈ψ_1,ψ_2〉〈Aψ_2,ψ_2〉.时间部分的非线性化导出它的N-对合系{(?)_m},相容方程组((?)_0),((?)_m)的对合解被f映为第m个Jaulent-Miodek方程的解。     

非齐次多重调和方程拟共形映射的一个Schwarz-Pick型不等式

令ψn∈φ((D)),ψj∈φ(T)和K≥1,其中n≥2为整数,j∈{1,...,n-1}.本文建立了单位圆盘D到自身且满足非齐次多重调和方程Δnf= ψn以及相应边界值条件:Δn-1f|T =ψn-1,...,Δ1f|T =ψ1和f(0)= 0的K-拟共形映射f的一个Schwarz-Pick型不等式.进一步地,我们证...     

阻尼板振动方程的紧致差分方法

<正>1引言考虑如下阻尼板振动方程初边值问题■其中?=(0, a)×(0, b)?R², T是时间总量,■μ(μ> 0)为阻尼系数,ρ为给定正常数, f (x, y, t)是已知函数,φ₁(x, y)和φ₂(x, y)是初值函数,ψ₁(y, t),ψ₂(y, t),ψ₃(x, t),ψ₄(x, t)和g₁(y, t), g₂(y, t), g₃(x, t), g₄(x, t)是边值函数.     

多元函数的微分法则

我们知道 ,若函数 x =φ( s,t) ,y =ψ( s,t)在点 ( s,t)有连续导数 ,函数 z =f ( x,y)在相应点 ( x,y) =(φ( s,t) ,ψ( s,t) )有连续偏导数 ,则复合函数 z=f (φ( s,t) ,ψ( s,t) )在点 ( x,t)可微 ,且dz =( z x x s+ z y y s) ds+( z x x t+ z y y t) dt同样有 ,若函数 x =φ( t) ,y =ψ( t)在点 t可微 ,函数 z =f ( x,y)在相应点 ( x,y) =(φ( t) ,ψ( t) )有连续偏导数 ,则复合函数 z =f (φ( t) ,ψ( t) )在点 t可微 ,且 dz =( z x+ z ydydt) dt;若函数 x =φ( s,t)在点 ( s,t)有连续偏导数 ,函数 z =f ( x)在相应点 x =φ( s,t)有…     

话说齐权方程

齐次方程作为可化为可分离变量的方程,在一般高等数学教材中都有介绍.齐次方程稍加推广即得齐权方程.齐权方程的可积简化了大量一阶方程的求解过程,拓宽了方程的可积范围.定义1　设t为任意非零的量,若f(x,y)满足f(tx,ty)≡trf(x,y)则称函数f(x,y)为r次齐次函数.特别地,若令t=1x,上式变为f(1,yx)≡1xrf(x,y)或f(x,y)=xrf(1,yx)=xrφ(yx)当r=0时,f(x,y)=φ(yx)　　方程dydx=φ(yx)(1)　称为齐次方程.经变换yx=u(或xy=v)可将(1)化为可分离变量的方程积出.定义2　若存在数m,当分别以tx、tmy、tm-1y′顺次代替函数f(x,y,y′)中的x、y、y′时成立f…     

非线性扩散方程静态解的稳定性

在本文中我们考虑下列非线性扩散方程在时间充分长时的性态u_t=(φ(u))_xx+φ(u),(x∈R,t∈R+=(0,+∞))其中函数φ(u)和φ(u)允许此方程具有行波解.首先我们给出该方程柯西问题的广义解的存在性、唯一性和一些比较原理.然后给定φ(u)的某些条件,我们证明了一些阀值效应.由这些结果我们可以看到在这些假设条件下,静态解u=a稳定的,而u=0或u=1是不稳定的,等等.     

Navier-Stokes方程与Euler方程的稳定性比较

比较了Navier-Stokes 方程和Euler方程的稳定性;并以它们的典型初值问题为例,分析了Navier-Stokes方程和Euler方程稳定性不同的原因．     

Gauge-invariant description of several (2+1)-dimensional integrable nonlinear evolution equations

We obtain new gauge-invariant forms of two-dimensional integrable systems of nonlinear equations: the Sawada-Kotera and Kaup-Kuperschmidt system, the generalized system of dispersive long waves, and the Nizhnik-Veselov-Novikov system. We show how these forms imply both new and well-known twodimensional integrable nonlinear equations: the Sawada-Kotera equation, Kaup-Kuperschmidt equation, dispersive long-wave system, Nizhnik-Veselov-Novikov equation, and modified Nizhnik-Veselov-Novikov equation. We consider Miura-type transformations between nonlinear equations in different gauges. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 160, No. 1, pp. 35–48, July, 2009.     

VISCOSITY METHOD OF A NON－HOMOGENEOUS BURGERS EQUATION

Abstract In [1], Ding et al. studied the nonhomogeneous Burgers equation ut uux = μuxx 4x.(1.1) This paper will prove that when μ → 0 the solution of (1.1) will approach the generalized solution of ut uux = 4x.(1.2) The authors notice that the equation (1.2) is beyond the scope of investigations by Oleinik O. in [2]. The solutions here are unbounded in general. The paper also studies the δ-wave phenomenon when (1.2) is jointed with some other equation.     

常系数线性差分方程的微分解法

用微分方法 ,解常系数线性差分方程     

REMARK ON UNIQUE CONTINUATION OF SOLUTIONS TO THE STOKES AND THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

1IntroductionUnique continuation of solutions to the linear partial di?erential equations with analyticcoe?cients is well known.There are more general results in elliptic,parabolic and hyperbolicequations(cf.[8-10,12-13]and references therein).The continu…     

New Bounds for the Inhomogenous Burgers and the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky Equations

We give a substantially simplified proof of the near-optimal estimate on the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation from a previous paper of the third author, at the same time slightly improving the result. That result relied on two ingredients: a regularity estimate for capillary Burgers and an a novel priori estimate for the inhomogeneous inviscid Burgers equation, which works out that in many ways the conservative transport nonlinearity acts as a coercive term. It is the proof of the second ingredient that we substantially simplify by proving a modified Kármán-Howarth-Monin identity for solutions of the inhomogeneous inviscid Burgers equation. We show that this provides a new interpretation of recent results obtained by Golse and Perthame.     

“Pexiderized” homogeneity almost everywhere

In the paper we examine Pexiderized ?-homogeneity equation almost everywhere. Assume that G and H are groups with zero, (X,G) and (Y,H) are a G- and an H-space, respectively. We prove, under some assumption on (Y,H), that if functions and satisfy Pexiderized ?-homogeneity equation

F₁(αx)=?(α)F₂(x)     

Validity of the KdV equation for the modulation of periodic traveling waves in the NLS equation

Bethuel et al.  and  and Chiron and Rousset [3] gave very nice proofs of the fact that slow modulations in time and space of periodic wave trains of the NLS equation can approximately be described via solutions of the KdV equation associated with the wave train. Here we give a much shorter proof of a slightly weaker result avoiding the very detailed and fine analysis of ,  and . Our error estimates are based on a suitable choice of polar coordinates, a Cauchy–Kowalevskaya-like method, and energy estimates.     

Oscillation and Nonoscillation Criteria for a Second Order Linear Equation

New oscillation and nonoscillation criteria are established for the equation