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1.
Parthasarathy M Singh S Hazra S Pillai VK 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2008,391(6):2227-2233
The stomatal physiology, chlorophyll distribution and photosynthetic activity of somatic embryo (SE)- and seedling-derived
peanut plants grown in vitro (test tube-grown) and extra vitrum (soil-grown) are investigated using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). This SECM
imaging is performed in two different feedback modes, corresponding to oxygen evolution and chlorophyll distribution. More
specifically, the oxygen evolution profiles of the in vitro leaves indicate important differences in leaf anatomy between the SE- and seedling-derived leaves. On the other hand, the
chlorophyll distribution images show individual stomata of size ca. 27 ± 5μm. Further studies on senescing (aged) leaves reveal
interesting voltammograms that vary widely over the stomatal complexes and the surrounding tissues, probably due to the release
of electroactive metabolites during chlorophyll breakdown when the leaves turn yellow. Thus, the present investigation could
open up new opportunities for characterizing botanical systems using electroanalytical techniques. In addition, it could provide
further insights into various areas of current relevance, including signal transduction, cell fate/differentiation and developmental
biology.
Schematic representation of SECM imaging used in this investigation. The SECM probe is a Pt UME disk (25 μm diameter) embedded
in an insulating glass sheath so that the ratio of the diameter of the death to that of the electrode surface (RG) is 7. RE denotes the reference electrode Ag/AgCl, sat. KCl and CE refers to the counter electrode, a Pt wire. Oxygen evolving from the leaf surface during photosynthesis diffuses into the
electrolyte (0.1 M KCl) and gets reduced at the Pt UME, biased to a potential of −0.5 V, at a diffusion-limited rate to produce
a change in the tip-current 相似文献
2.
Electroactive chitosan nanoparticles for the detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms using peptide nucleic acids 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Here we report an electrochemical biosensor that would allow for simple and rapid analysis of nucleic acids in combination
with nuclease activity on nucleic acids and electroactive bionanoparticles. The detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs) using PNA probes takes advantage of the significant structural and physicochemical differences between the full hybrids
and SNPs in PNA/DNA and DNA/DNA duplexes. Ferrocene-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles (Chi-Fc) were used as the electroactive
indicator of hybridization. Chi-Fc had no affinity towards the neutral PNA probe immobilized on a gold electrode (AuE) surface.
When the PNA probe on the electrode surface hybridized with a full-complementary target DNA, Chi-Fc electrostatically attached
to the negatively-charged phosphate backbone of DNA on the surface and gave rise to a high electrochemical oxidation signal
from ferrocene at ∼0.30 V. Exposing the surface to a single-stranded DNA specific nuclease, Nuclease S1, was found to be very
effective for removing the nonspecifically adsorbed SNP DNA. An SNP in the target DNA to PNA made it susceptible to the enzymatic
digestion. After the enzymatic digestion and subsequent exposure to Chi-Fc, the presence of SNPs was determined by monitoring
the changes in the electrical current response of Chi-Fc. The method provided a detection limit of 1 fM (S/N = 3) for the
target DNA oligonucleotide. Additionally, asymmetric PCR was employed to detect the presence of genetically modified organism
(GMO) in standard Roundup Ready soybean samples. PNA-mediated PCR amplification of real DNA samples was performed to detect
SNPs related to alcolohol dehydrogenase (ALDH). Chitosan nanoparticles are promising biometarials for various analytical and
pharmaceutical applications.
Figure The electrochemical method for SNP detection using PNA probes and chitosan nanoparticles takes advantage of the significant
structural and physicochemical differences between PNA/DNA and DNA/DNA duplexes. Single-stranded DNA specific enzymes selectively
choose these SNP sites and hydrolyze the DNA molecules on gold electrode (AuE) surface.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
3.
Fiber-packed SPE tips based on electrospun fibers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhang Y Kang X Chen L Pan C Yao Y Gu ZZ 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2008,391(6):2189-2197
A novel fiber-packed solid-phase extraction (SPE) tip was designed based on electrospun nanofibers. The tip was used to investigate
the extraction of hydrocortisone (HC), cortisone acetate (CA), ethinylestradiol (EE), and estradiol (E2). The effects of diameters,
porous figurations, and functional groups of the electrospun fibers on the selectivity and efficiency were studied. The experimental
results indicated that the detection limit of cortisol in water sample could be as low as 0.75 ng/mL. When the tip is used
for detection of cortisol in human hair the efficiency of biological sample pretreatment is better than the traditional SPE
method. Our method could significantly simplify the traditional SPE process and lower the cost. Industrial application of
the tip is anticipated.
Figure Analyte molecules (e.g., cortisol) are attracted onto the electrospun nanofibers of the packed SPE tip. Careful selection
of the fiber diameter, morphology, and functional groups affords high selectivity, sensitivity, and extraction recoveries
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
4.
The electrochemical behavior of paracetamol in 0.1 M acetate buffer solution (pH 4.6) was investigated at a traditional carbon
paste electrode (TCPE) and a carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) fabricated by replacing nonconductive organic binders with
a conductive hydrophobic room temperature ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BmimPF6). The results showed that the CILE exhibited better reversibility for the electrochemical redox of paracetamol. The oxidation
potential of paracetamol at the CILE is +0.462 V, which is approximately 232 mV lower than that at the TCPE; the oxidation
peak current response is nine times higher than that at the TCPE. The differential pulse voltammetric determination of paracetamol
at the CILE was established based on this behavior. After optimizing several important parameters controlling the performance
of paracetamol at the CILE, the oxidation peak current versus paracetamol concentration at the CILE showed linearity in the
range from 1.0 μM to 2.0 mM (R
2
= 0.9992) with a detection limit of 0.3 μM (S/N = 3). The method has been applied to the determination of paracetamol in
tablets and urine samples and the average recovery of paracetamol was 98.5% and 99.3%, respectively. The proposed CILE showed
good sensitivity and reproducible response without influence of interferents commonly existing in pharmaceutical and urine
samples.
Figure CV curves of paracetamol illustrate the enhanced electrochemical behavior of paracetamol at the CILE (b), which forms the basis for the differential pulse voltammetric determination of paracetamol 相似文献
5.
This work reports the development of a bienzyme system consisting of salicylate hydroxylase (SHL) and nitrate reductase (NaR)
for the electrochemical determination of nitrate. This method measures the concentration of nitrate directly under ambient
air without suffering from oxygen interferences. The determination is based on the detection of NADH consumption, and the
principle is as follows: NADH initiates the irreversible decarboxylation and hydroxylation of salicylate by SHL in the presence
of oxygen to produce catechol, which results in a detectable signal due to its oxidation at the working electrode; the second
enzyme, NaR, in the presence of nitrate, reduced the availability of NADH, and consequently, the current difference after
the injection of nitrate is proportional to its concentration. This method shows high performance characteristics for nitrate
determination with a broad detection range between 10 μM and 1,000 μM, a short measuring time of around 5 min, and a simple
operation without sample pretreatment by inert gas purge or oxygen scavenger.
Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible to authorized users. 相似文献
Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible to authorized users. 相似文献
6.
A screen-printed (SP) microarray is presented as a platform for the achievement of multiparametric biochips. The SP platform
is composed of eight (0.28-mm2) working electrodes modified with electroaddressed protein A-aryl diazonium adducts. The electrode surfaces are then used
as an affinity immobilisation support for the orientated binding of capture monoclonal antibodies, having specificity against
four different point-of-care related proteins (myoglobin, cardiac troponin I, C-reactive protein and brain natriuretic peptide).
The immobilised capture antibodies are involved in sandwich assays of the four proteins together with biotinylated detection
antibodies and peroxidase-labelled streptavidin in order to permit a chemiluminescent imaging of the SP platform and a sensitive
detection of the assayed proteins. The performances of the system in pure buffered solutions, using a 25-min assay duration,
were characterised by dynamic ranges of 0.5–50, 0.1–120, 0.2–20 and 0.67–67 μg/L for C-reactive protein, myoglobin, cardiac
troponin I and brain natriuretic peptide, respectively. The four different assays were also validated in spiked 40-times-diluted
human sera, using LowCross buffer, and were shown to work simultaneously in this complex medium.
Figure Principle of the screen-printed POC microarray and a schematic representation of the assay architecture.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
7.
Baek TJ Park PY Han KN Kwon HT Seong GH 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2008,390(5):1373-1378
We describe a DNA microarray system using a bipolar integrated circuit photodiode array (PDA) chip as a new platform for DNA
analysis. The PDA chip comprises an 8 × 6 array of photodiodes each with a diameter of 600 μm. Each photodiode element acts
both as a support for an immobilizing probe DNA and as a two-dimensional photodetector. The usefulness of the PDA microarray
platform is demonstrated by the detection of high-risk subtypes of human papilloma virus (HPV). The polymerase chain reaction
(PCR)-amplified biotinylated HPV target DNA was hybridized with the immobilized probe DNA on the photodiode surface, and the
chip was incubated in an anti-biotin antibody-conjugated gold nanoparticle solution. The silver enhancement by the gold nanoparticles
bound to the biotin of the HPV target DNA precipitates silver metal particles at the chip surfaces, which block light irradiated
from above. The resulting drop in output voltage depends on the amount of target DNA present in the sample solution, which
allows the specific detection and the quantitative analysis of the complementary target DNA. The PDA chip showed high relative
signal ratios of HPV probe DNA hybridized with complementary target DNA, indicating an excellent capability in discriminating
HPV subtypes. The detection limit for the HPV target DNA analysis improved from 1.2 nM to 30 pM by changing the silver development
time from 5 to 10 min. Moreover, the enhanced silver development promoted by the gold nanoparticles could be applied to a
broader range of target DNA concentration by controlling the silver development time.
Figure An optical image of the PDA chip and target DNA detection through silver enhancement
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
8.
A novel electrochemical sensor for methyl parathion based on silicate– cetyltrimethylammonium bromide nanocomposite film has
been fabricated by electro-assisted deposition onto glassy carbon electrode in one-step via an electrochemical modulation
of pH at the electrode/solution interface to promote controlled gelification of tetraethylorthosilicate sol, and was characterized
with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical sensing
of methyl parathion on the film-modified electrode was investigated applying cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry.
Compared to the unmodified electrode, the shapes of the redox peaks were improved and the peak currents significantly increased.
Experimental parameters such as deposition time, pH value, and accumulation conditions have been optimized. A linear relationship
between the peak current and methyl parathion concentration was obtained in the range from 1.0 × 10−7 to 1.0 × 10−4 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 1.04 × 10 −8 mol L−1 (S/N = 3) after accumulation at 0 V for 120 s. The film electrode shows great promise for determination of methyl parathion in
real samples.
相似文献
9.
Eric B. Kalman Olivier Sudre Ivan Vlassiouk Zuzanna S. Siwy 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2009,394(2):413-419
Control of ionic transport through nanoporous systems is a topic of scientific interest for the ability to create new devices
that are applicable for ions and molecules in water solutions. We show the preparation of an ionic transistor based on single
conical nanopores in polymer films with an insulated gold thin film “gate.” By changing the electric potential applied to
the “gate,” the current through the device can be changed from the rectifying behavior of a typical conical nanopore to the
almost linear behavior seen in cylindrical nanopores. The mechanism for this change in transport behavior is thought to be
the enhancement of concentration polarization induced by the gate.
Figure
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
10.
In the past 20 years the characterization of electroactive surfaces and electrode reactions by scanning probe techniques has
advanced significantly, benefiting from instrumental and methodological developments in the field. Electrochemical and electrical
analysis instruments are attractive tools for identifying regions of different electrochemical properties and chemical reactivity
and contribute to the advancement of molecular electronics. Besides their function as a surface analytical device, they have
proved to be unique tools for local synthesis of polymers, metal depots, clusters, etc. This review will focus primarily on
progress made by use of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), conductive AFM (C-AFM), electrochemical scanning tunneling
microscopy (EC-STM), and surface potential measurements, for example Kelvin probe force microscopy (KFM), for multidimensional
imaging of potential-dependent processes on metals and electrified surfaces modified with polymers and self assembled monolayers.
Figure Electrochemical and electrical tools like scanning electrochemical microscopy, conductive atomic force microscopy, electrochemical
scannig tunneling microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy (see figure) are powerful tools for the multidimensional imaging
of potential-dependent processes on metals and electrified surfaces modified with polymers and self assembled monolayers. 相似文献
11.
Analysis and occurrence of seven artificial sweeteners in German waste water and surface water and in soil aquifer treatment (SAT) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Marco Scheurer Heinz-J. Brauch Frank T. Lange 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2009,394(6):1585-1594
A method for the simultaneous determination of seven commonly used artificial sweeteners in water is presented. The analytes
were extracted by solid phase extraction using Bakerbond SDB 1 cartridges at pH 3 and analyzed by liquid chromatography electrospray
ionization tandem mass spectrometry in negative ionization mode. Ionization was enhanced by post-column addition of the alkaline
modifier Tris(hydroxymethyl)amino methane. Except for aspartame and neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, recoveries were higher
than 75% in potable water with comparable results for surface water. Matrix effects due to reduced extraction yields in undiluted
waste water were negligible for aspartame and neotame but considerable for the other compounds. The widespread distribution
of acesulfame, saccharin, cyclamate, and sucralose in the aquatic environment could be proven. Concentrations in two influents
of German sewage treatment plants (STPs) were up to 190 μg/L for cyclamate, about 40 μg/L for acesulfame and saccharin, and
less than 1 μg/L for sucralose. Removal in the STPs was limited for acesulfame and sucralose and >94% for saccharin and cyclamate.
The persistence of some artificial sweeteners during soil aquifer treatment was demonstrated and confirmed their environmental
relevance. The use of sucralose and acesulfame as tracers for anthropogenic contamination is conceivable. In German surface
waters, acesulfame was the predominant artificial sweetener with concentrations exceeding 2 μg/L. Other sweeteners were detected
up to several hundred nanograms per liter in the order saccharin ≈ cyclamate > sucralose.
Figure Some artificial sweeteners are excreted unchanged and in particular acesulfame is a perfect tracer for municipal waste water
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
12.
Development and certification of the new NIES CRM 28: urban aerosols for the determination of multielements 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mori I Sun Z Ukachi M Nagano K McLeod CW Cox AG Nishikawa M 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2008,391(6):1997-2003
A new environmental certified reference material (CRM) for the determination of multielements in aerosol particulate matter
has been developed and certified by the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Japan, based on analyses by a
network of laboratories using a wide range of methods. The origin of the material was atmospheric particulate matter collected
on filters in a central ventilating system in a building in Beijing city centre. The homogeneity and stability of this material
were sufficient for its use as a reference material. Values for elemental mass fractions in the material were statistically
determined based on the analytical results of the participating laboratories. Eighteen certified values and 14 reference values
were obtained. The diameters, obtained from a micrographic image using image analysis software, of 99% of the particles were
less than 10 μm, demonstrating that almost all the particles in the material could be classified as particles of 10 μm or
less in aerodynamic diameter. The chemical composition and particle size distribution of this material were close to those
of an authentic aerosol collected in Beijing. NIES CRM 28 is appropriate for use in analytical quality control and in the
evaluation of methods used in the analysis of aerosols, particularly those collected in urban environments in northeast Asia
Figure New NIES CRM 28 Urban Aerosols and photo micrograph of the material 相似文献
13.
New concepts for Li-ion batteries are of growing interest for high-performance applications. One aim is the search for new
electrode materials with superior properties and their detailed characterization. We demonstrate the application of X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate electrode materials (LiCoO2, LiCrMnO4) during electrochemical cycling. The optimization of a “quasi in situ” analysis, by transferring the samples with a transport
chamber from the glove box to the XPS chamber, and the reliability of the experiments performed are shown. The behavior of
characteristic chemical species at the electrodes and the changes in oxidation states of LiCrMnO4 during cycling is discussed. The formation of Cr6+ is suspected as a possible reason for irreversible capacity loss during charging up to complete Li deintercalation (approximately
5.2 V).
Figure Scheme of a quasi in situ XPS experiment on Li-ion battery electrode material 相似文献
14.
Yveline Henchoz Davy Guillarme Sophie Martel Serge Rudaz Jean-Luc Veuthey Pierre-Alain Carrupt 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2009,394(7):1919-1930
Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) systems able to work with columns packed with sub-2 μm particles offer very
fast methods to determine the lipophilicity of new chemical entities. The careful development of the most suitable experimental
conditions presented here will help medicinal chemists for high-throughput screening (HTS) log P
oct measurements. The approach was optimized using a well-balanced set of 38 model compounds and a series of 28 basic compounds
such as β-blockers, local anesthetics, piperazines, clonidine, and derivatives. Different organic modifiers and hybrid stationary
phases packed with 1.7-μm particles were evaluated in isocratic as well as gradient modes, and the advantages and limitations
of tested conditions pointed out. The UHPLC approach offered a significant enhancement over the classical HPLC methods, by
a factor 50 in the lipophilicity determination throughput. The hyphenation of UHPLC with MS detection allowed a further increase
in the throughput. Data and results reported herein prove that the UHPLC-MS method can represent a progress in the HTS-measurement
of lipophilicity due to its speed (at least a factor of 500 with respect to HPLC approaches) and to an extended field of application.
Figure The UHPLC approach described here greatly enhanced the time required for log P determination (5' min by compound using UV
detection) and, at least, 8 compounds measured in a 5' run when Mass Spectrometry detection in used. These developments offer
to medicinal chemists a high-throughput method to estimate the lipophilicity of NCEs
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Experimental section for capillary electrophoresis
(CE) measurements, list of the 38 compounds of the calibration set and solvatochromic analyses of the extrapolated retention
factors and partition coefficients. 相似文献
15.
In-torch LA–ICP–MS was implemented into an in-house-built ICP–TOFMS system. The fast data acquisition capabilities of the
new configuration allowed simultaneous multi-element measurement and readout of in-torch LA–ICP–MS signals with 30 μs time
resolution. The measurements confirmed previously observed fine structures of in-torch generated signals and provided new
insights in the dynamic processes in the plasma on a microsecond time scale. The new setup is described in detail and first
figures of merit are given.
Figure Time dependent multi element signal after laser ablation in the torch of an ICP-TOFMS instrument 相似文献
16.
Alvarado Tarun Norihiko Hayazawa Satoshi Kawata 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2009,394(7):1775-1785
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), which utilizes the strong localized optical field generated at the apex of a metallic
tip when illuminated, has been shown to successfully probe the vibrational spectrum of today’s and tomorrow’s state-of-the-art
silicon and next-generation semiconductor devices, such as quantum dots. Collecting and analyzing the vibrational spectrum
not only aids in material identification but also provides insight into strain distributions in semiconductors. Here, the
potential of TERS for nanoscale characterization of strain in silicon devices is reviewed. Emphasis will be placed on the
key challenges of obtaining spectroscopic images of strain in actual strained silicon devices.
Figure Figure Concept of Tip Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS), which utilizes the strong localized optical field generated at the
apex of a metallic tip when illuminated. TERS has been demonstrated to successfully probe the vibrational spectrum of today’s
and tomorrow’s state-of-the-art silicon and next generation semiconductor devices 相似文献
17.
John Benedet Donglai Lu Karel Cizek Jeff La Belle Joseph Wang 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2009,395(2):371-376
Rapid detection of the hydrogen peroxide precursor of peroxide explosives is required in numerous security screening applications.
We describe a highly sensitive and selective amperometric detection of hydrogen peroxide vapor at an agarose-coated Prussian-blue
(PB) modified thick-film carbon transducer. The sensor responds rapidly and reversibly to dynamic changes in the level of
the peroxide vapor, with no apparent carry over and with a detection limit of 6 ppbv. The remarkable selectivity of the PB-based
screen-printed electrode towards hydrogen peroxide leads to effective discrimination against common beverage samples. For
example, blind tests have demonstrated the ability to selectively and non-invasively identify concealed hydrogen peroxide
in drinking cups and bottles. The attractive performance of the new microfabricated PB-based amperometric peroxide vapor sensor
indicates great potential for addressing a wide range of security screening and surveillance applications.
Figure Experimental setup (left) with three electrode electrochemical Hydrogen Peroxide sensor hanging above container of “unknown” liquid. Schematic (right) demonstrating fundamental principles of operation of the sensor. 相似文献
18.
Urisu T Asano T Zhang Z Uno H Tero R Junkyu H Hiroko I Arima Y Iwata H Shibasaki K Tominaga M 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2008,391(8):2703-2709
A new planar-type ion channel biosensor with the function of cell culture has been fabricated using silicon on an insulator
substrate as the sensor chip material. Coating of the sensor chip with fibronectin was essentially important for cell incubation
on the chip. Although the seal resistance was quite low (∼7 MΩ) compared with the pipette patch-clamp gigaohm seal, the whole-cell
channel current of the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channel expressing HEK293 cells was successfully
observed, with a good signal-to-noise ratio, using capsaicin as a ligand molecule.
Figure A new planer type ion channel biosensor with function of cell culture is fabricated using the silicon on insulator substrate
as the sensor chip material. The coating of the sensor chip by the fibronectin was essentially important for the cell incubation
on the chip. Whole cell channel current of TRPV1 channel was successfully observed using capsaicin as a ligand molecule with
good signal to noise. 相似文献
19.
Berchmans S Vergheese TM Kavitha AL Veerakumar M Yegnaraman V 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2008,390(3):939-946
The present work describes, for the first time, in situ electrochemical preparation of dendrimer-encapsulated Cu nanoparticles
using a self-assembled monolayer of fourth-generation amine-terminated polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer as the template. Atomic
force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies of the modified surface confirmed the presence of
Cu nanoparticles entrapped in dendrimer film. Au electrode modified with a monolayer of the dendrimer enables preconcentration
and subsequent voltammetric detection of Cu2+ at picomolar concentrations. Further, Cu nanoparticles in the dendrimer monolayer could be electrochemically derivatised
to Cu hexacyanoferrate, which exhibits specific crystal planes, unlike the random distribution of crystal planes in bulk-formed
Cu hexacyanoferrate, which is another catalytically active material for sensor applications.
Figure Electrochemical preparation of copper–dendrimer nanocomposite 相似文献
20.
Simmel F Soukup J Zoerner A Radke J Kloft C 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2008,392(3):479-488
Voriconazole is a very potent antifungal agent used to treat serious fungal infections (candidiasis); it is also the therapy
of choice for aspergillosis. After standard dosing, several factors affect exposure of voriconazole, resulting in large variability
and demanding further elucidation of drug distribution. For measurements at the site of action, microdialysis is considered
to be an outstanding minimally invasive method. For determination of voriconazole in microdialysate and human plasma a new,
efficient, reliable, and robust HPLC assay using UV detection at 254 nm has been developed and validated. After simple sample
preparation using acetonitrile for plasma and for microdialysate, 20 μL were injected and separated on an RP-18 column. The
chromatographic run time was less than 4 min. Overall, the assay showed high precision (CV 93.9 to 99.5%) and accuracy (RE
−96.7 to +107%) for both matrices. Of the 36 drug products typically co-administered with voriconazole, none except ambroxol
interfered with its peak signal, and this interference was successfully managed. In summary, the method is highly suitable
for application in (pre)clinical microdialysis studies, e.g., of critically ill patients with invasive mycoses.
Figure Microdialysis probe situated in the interstitial space fluid containing voriconazole drug molecules (magenta coloured) extracting
an important target site representative matrix (microdialysate) [Courtesy of CMA] 相似文献