一维非线性对流占优扩散方程的变网格特征差分方法

针对一维非线性对流占优扩散方程,提出了一类变网格特征差分格式,该格式能够根据解的梯度变化及时对计算网格进行调整.与均匀网格格式相比,给出的变网格特征差分格式对于对流占优扩散问题有着更好的计算效果.     

求解Navier-Stokes方程组的组合紧致迎风格式

给出一种新的至少有四阶精度的组合紧致迎风(CCU)格式,该格式有较高的逼近解率,利用该组合迎风格式,提出一种新的适合于在交错网格系统下求解Navier-Stokes方程组的高精度紧致差分投影算法.用组合紧致迎风格式离散对流项,粘性项、压力梯度项以及压力Poisson方程均采用四阶对称型紧致差分格式逼近,算法的整体精度不低于四阶.通过对Taylor涡列、对流占优扩散问题和双周期双剪切层流动问题的计算表明,该算法适合于对复杂流体流动问题的数值模拟.     

对流项离散格式的对比与讨论

本文简单介绍了利用规正变量定义的各种对流项差分格式,给出了利用有限容积法离散粘性对流一扩散问题时的离散方程,其中的对流项采用高阶格式进行离散。以方腔顶盖驱动及圆管突扩区内层流流动考察了各种格式的计算精度与时效。通过对比分析得出:对于常规区域中的流动, QUICK、中心差分(CD)及SMART三种格式的精度与计算时效是比较合理的。     

对流占优扩散问题的特征线法-差分法计算格式

本文用特征线目的和有限差分目的相结合的数值目的来求解对流问题和对流占优扩散问题,提出了两个计算格式,并给出了数值例子。     

基于非结构网格的不可压流动耦合求解器

采用非结构化网格有限容积法求解了不可压N-S方程组,对流项采用GAMMA格式,扩散项采用二阶中心差分格式建立离散方程,用SOAR算法处理压力与速度的耦合关系,得到了一种求解不可压N-S方程的非结构网格耦合求解器。通过方腔顶盖驱动流、后台阶绕流以及方腔自然对流等几个典型的算例,考察了求解器的计算精度及收敛特性,并与SIMPLE算法进行了比较,结果表明该求解器是有效可行的。     

基于中心差分的对流扩散方程四阶紧凑格式

在经典中心差分格式的基础上,提出对流扩散方程的四阶紧凑差分格式。具体方法是,先就一维情形,将中心差分格式改造为不受网格Reynolds数限制的恒稳二阶格式,再在不增加相关网格点的前提下,通过格式中对流系数和源项的摄动处理,使稳格式的精度提高至四阶。本文并作一、二、三维流动模型方程及高Rayleigh数自然对流传热问题的数值求解,例示本文格式的优良性态。     

不同离散格式下的离心泵内部流动数值模拟研究

为研究离散格式对离心泵性能预测精度的影响,本文以自吸式离心泵为计算模型,采用Realizableκ-ε湍流模式进行三维内流场的数值模拟研究,分析了从零流量到最大工作流量下的内部流动和水力性能。建立了考虑内部间隙影响的自吸式离心泵全三维计算模型,分析了动量方程对流项采用一阶差分和二阶差分格式对计算精度的影响,同时分析了压力项的Standard和PRESTO离散格式对计算精度的影响。结果表明,在小流量工况下,采用二阶迎风格式具有较高的计算精度,而在大流量工况下采用一阶迎风格式更为合适。该结果可为准确预测离心泵全工况外特性提供参考依据。     

三维定常问题的高阶紧致差分格式向非定常问题的推广

将已经建立的求解三维定常对流扩散方程的高阶紧致差分格式直接推广到三维非定常对流扩散方程的数值求解,时间导数项利用二阶向后欧拉差分公式,所得到的高阶隐式紧致差分格式时间为二阶精度,空间为四阶精度,并且是无条件稳定的.数值实验结果验证了本文方法的精确性和稳健性.     

自然对流换热的高精度非结构网格有限体积法

用非结构网格有限体积法求解自然对流换热时,传统的对流项离散格式难以兼顾数值精度与计算效率,我们发展了一种耦合高精度格式的延迟修正方法,用于对流项的离散.高Re数下方腔驱动流数值计算验证了该方法具有较高的计算精度和较好的稳定性.Boussinesq流体的自然对流换热数值模拟,表明该方法能有效克服高Ra数时数值计算发散,可准确捕捉自然对流换热问题中不同偏心率下的等温线和流线分布特征.     

任意马赫数非定常流动数值模拟的统一算法

发展适用于从低速到高速任意马赫数非定常流动数值模拟的统一算法.通过引入一个伪时间导数项和一个新的预处理矩阵,得到双时间非定常预处理可压缩Navier-Stokes方程.方程的对流项采用三阶Roe通量近似差分格式离散,粘性项采用二阶中心差分格式离散.基于数值通量的线性化技术,实现伪时间步的隐式ADI-LU格式迭代,进而获得物理时间步的二阶推进精度.重点以低马赫数流动为例,求解了圆柱绕流和NACA0015翼型等速上仰动态失速问题.计算结果表明该统一算法能够较好地模拟低马赫数乃至任意马赫数非定常流动.     

poisson方程的预示校正差分格式

本文提出求解二维、三维Poisson方程的Dirichlet和Neumann两类边值问题的预示校正差分格式。它完整地包括求解区域的内结点格式、边界面结点格式、边界线结点格式和边界角结点格式。这种新的差分格式达到四阶精度,并可通过对选择因子的优越使计算误差达到最小。     

对流扩散方程的涡区分离解法

对流扩散方程是流体计算中一个基本方程,常用的数值方法导至解一个高阶的代数方程组,要求较大的存贮量和较长的计算时间。本文提出一种涡区分离解法,它利用对流扩散方程的迎风性质,把涡区从对流支配区分离出来,仅在各个涡区建立代数方程组并求解。而在对流支配区,则充分利用其抛物性,只需采用显式格式进行计算。由于在各涡区建立的这些方程组阶数和带宽都较小,因此要求存贮量较小,计算速度较快。对于雷诺数较大,涡区范围较小的问题,该方法特别有效。     

High-order compact schemes for incompressible flows: A simple and efficient method with quasi-spectral accuracy

In this paper, a finite difference code for Direct and Large Eddy Simulation (DNS/LES) of incompressible flows is presented. This code is an intermediate tool between fully spectral Navier–Stokes solvers (limited to academic geometry through Fourier or Chebyshev representation) and more versatile codes based on standard numerical schemes (typically only second-order accurate). The interest of high-order schemes is discussed in terms of implementation easiness, computational efficiency and accuracy improvement considered through simplified benchmark problems and practical calculations. The equivalence rules between operations in physical and spectral spaces are efficiently used to solve the Poisson equation introduced by the projection method. It is shown that for the pressure treatment, an accurate Fourier representation can be used for more flexible boundary conditions than periodicity or free-slip. Using the concept of the modified wave number, the incompressibility can be enforced up to the machine accuracy. The benefit offered by this alternative method is found to be very satisfactory, even when a formal second-order error is introduced locally by boundary conditions that are neither periodic nor symmetric. The usefulness of high-order schemes combined with an immersed boundary method (IBM) is also demonstrated despite the second-order accuracy introduced by this wall modelling strategy. In particular, the interest of a partially staggered mesh is exhibited in this specific context. Three-dimensional calculations of transitional and turbulent channel flows emphasize the ability of present high-order schemes to reduce the computational cost for a given accuracy. The main conclusion of this paper is that finite difference schemes with quasi-spectral accuracy can be very efficient for DNS/LES of incompressible flows, while allowing flexibility for the boundary conditions and easiness in the code development. Therefore, this compromise fits particularly well for very high-resolution simulations of turbulent flows with relatively complex geometries without requiring heavy numerical developments.     

多孔介质快速干燥过程热质耦合方程的代数显式解析解

对多孔介质快速干燥过程的传热与传质耦合方程组导出了两套代数显式解析特解。这些解首先可以作为计算传热传质学的标准解,用以检验数值计算的准确性、收敛性与稳定性等,还可以启发数值工作者改进计算技巧例如差分格式与网格生成技术等。当然,解析解还会有其相应的理论价值。     

Comparison of some Lie-symmetry-based integrators

Lie-symmetry based integrators are constructed in order to preserve the local invariance properties of the equations. The geometrical methods leading to discretized equations for numerical computations involve many different concepts. Therefore they give rise to numerical schemes that vary in the accuracy, in the computational cost and in the implementation. In this paper a comparison is made between some alternative Lie-symmetry based methods illustrated on the example of the Burgers equation. The importance of the symmetry preservation is numerically highlighted.     

High-order compact exponential finite difference methods for convection–diffusion type problems

A class of high-order compact (HOC) exponential finite difference (FD) methods is proposed for solving one- and two-dimensional steady-state convection–diffusion problems. The newly proposed HOC exponential FD schemes have nonoscillation property and yield high accuracy approximation solution as well as are suitable for convection-dominated problems. The O(h⁴) compact exponential FD schemes developed for the one-dimensional (1D) problems produce diagonally dominant tri-diagonal system of equations which can be solved by applying the tridiagonal Thomas algorithm. For the two-dimensional (2D) problems, O(h⁴ + k⁴) compact exponential FD schemes are formulated on the nine-point 2D stencil and the line iterative approach with alternating direction implicit (ADI) procedure enables us to deal with diagonally dominant tridiagonal matrix equations which can be solved by application of the one-dimensional tridiagonal Thomas algorithm with a considerable saving in computing time. To validate the present HOC exponential FD methods, three linear and nonlinear problems, mostly with boundary or internal layers where sharp gradients may appear due to high Peclet or Reynolds numbers, are numerically solved. Comparisons are made between analytical solutions and numerical results for the currently proposed HOC exponential FD methods and some previously published HOC methods. The present HOC exponential FD methods produce excellent results for all test problems. It is shown that, besides including the excellent performances in computational accuracy, efficiency and stability, the present method has the advantage of better scale resolution. The method developed in this article is easy to implement and has been applied to obtain the numerical solutions of the lid driven cavity flow problem governed by the 2D incompressible Navier–Stokes equations using the stream function-vorticity formulation.     

DGM-FD: A finite difference scheme based on the discontinuous Galerkin method applied to wave propagation

In this paper we formulate a numerical method that is high order with strong accuracy for numerical wave numbers, and is adaptive to non-uniform grids. Such a method is developed based on the discontinuous Galerkin method (DGM) applied to the hyperbolic equation, resulting in finite difference type schemes applicable to non-uniform grids. The schemes will be referred to as DGM-FD schemes. These schemes inherit naturally some features of the DGM, such as high-order approximations, applicability to non-uniform grids and super-accuracy for wave propagations. Stability of the schemes with boundary closures is investigated and validated. Proposed scheme is demonstrated by numerical examples including the linearized acoustic waves and solutions of non-linear Burger’s equation and the flat-plate boundary layer problem. For non-linear equations, proposed flux finite difference formula requires no explicit upwind and downwind split of the flux. This is in contrast to existing upwind finite difference schemes in the literature.