2,2′-联吡啶和亚铁氰化钾对乙醛酸化学镀铜的影响

以乙醛酸作还原剂、Na2EDTA为络合剂、2,2′-联吡啶和亚铁氰化钾作为添加剂组成化学镀铜体系,研究了两种添加剂对化学镀铜速率、镀层表面形貌、组成和结构的影响.结果表明:添加适量的2,2′-联吡啶和亚铁氰化钾,不仅提高了镀液的稳定性,而且使沉积速率增加1倍.这两种添加剂的同时使用,使镀层颜色变亮,形貌发生变化.所得镀层是多晶铜,没有发现夹杂Cu2O.     

乙醛酸化学镀铜的电化学研究

以乙醛酸作还原剂,Na2EDTA.2H2O为络合剂,亚铁氰化钾和2,2'-联吡啶为添加剂组成化学镀铜液体系,应用线性扫描伏安法研究分析了络合剂、添加剂对该镀铜体系电化学性能的影响.结果表明,络合剂Na2EDTA对乙醛酸的氧化和铜的还原有阻碍作用.亚铁氰化钾和过量(20 mg/L)的2,2'-联吡啶对乙醛酸的氧化起较明显的抑制作用.     

2,2′-联吡啶在化学镀铜中的作用研究

研究了以次磷酸钠作还原剂的化学镀铜体系,添加剂2,2′-联吡啶对化学镀铜沉积速率、次磷酸钠阳极氧化和铜离子阴极还原、以及镀层形貌、结构和组分存在状态的影响.结果表明,2,2′-联吡啶对化学沉积起阻化作用.电化学线性伏安扫描实验显示,镀液中加入2,2′-联吡啶,次磷酸钠的氧化峰电势有所负移,但峰电流减小;铜离子的还原峰电势负移,但峰电流逐渐增大.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散谱(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等实验分别表明,添加剂使镀层致密和光亮、镍含量降低;镀层为Cu-Ni合金,呈面心立方结构,无明显晶面择优取向现象;镀层中铜和镍以金属态存在,磷的质量含量小于0.05%.     

络合剂和添加剂对化学镀铜影响的电化学研究

以CuSO4·5H2O作主盐,乙二胺四乙酸二钠盐(Na2EDTA)作主络合剂,三乙醇胺(TEA)作辅助络合剂,2,2′＿联吡啶(dipyridine)作添加剂,组成化学镀铜液体系,研究络合剂、添加剂对该镀液电化学极化性能的影响,并结合化学沉积速率考察TEA和2,2′＿联吡啶对镀液性能的影响.     

2，2＇-联吡啶在化学镀铜中的作用研究

研究了以次磷酸钠作还原剂的化学镀铜体系，添加剂2，2＇-联吡啶对化学镀铜沉积速率、次磷酸钠阳极氧化和铜离子阴极还原、以及镀层形貌、结构和组分存在状态的影响．结果表明，2，2＇-联吡啶对化学沉积起阻化作用．电化学线性伏安扫描实验显示，镀液中加入2，2＇-联吡啶，次磷酸钠的氧化峰电势有所负移，但峰电流减小；铜离子的还原峰电势负移，但峰电流逐渐增大．扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散谱（EDS）、X射线衍射（XRD）及X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等实验分别表明，添加剂使镀层致密和光亮、镍含量降低；镀层为Cu-Ni合金，呈面心立方结构，无明显晶面择优取向现象；镀层中铜和镍以金属态存在，磷的质量含量小于0．05％．     

添加剂对化学沉积速率的影响

基于化学镀Ni-W-P和Ni-P体系中,添加剂LaCl3、乳酸、Fe2(SO4)3、硫脲和2,2’-联吡啶的浓度对沉积速率的影响表现出较为一致的变化规律,即随添加剂浓度的增加,出现最大沉积速率的实验事实,建立了一种吸附模型并导出添加剂加速化学沉积的公式.根据该公式和实验结果进行曲线拟合,得到相当吻合的结果.由拟合结果可得到一些参数值,如吸附平衡常数等.添加剂在基体上的吸附平衡常数(K1)大于已吸附了还原剂的表面上的吸附平衡常数(K2). K1值大表明添加剂在基体表面吸附能力更强. LaCl3、硫脲和2,2’-联吡啶的K1、K2值远大于乳酸、Fe2(SO4)3的K1、K2值,这表明LaCl3、硫脲和2,2’-联吡啶的吸附能力远强于乳酸、Fe2(SO4)3的, 因此,LaCl3、硫脲和2,2’-联吡啶所引起的沉积速率峰值的浓度远小于乳酸、Fe2(SO4)3的.     

2,2'-联吡啶类催化铬酸氧化异丙醇的动力学研究

2,2'-联吡啶类和它的相关化合物催化铬酸氧化异丙醇非常有效. 当2,2'-联吡啶分子的4- 和4'- 位连有甲基或甲氧基等供电基时, 催化活性加强; 当4- 和4'- 位连有吸电基氯原子时, 催化活性削弱. 2,2'-联吡啶类, Cr(Ⅵ)和异丙醇的三分子螯合物分解为产物的一步为限速步骤.     

用于三价锕镧分离的萃取剂的合成与表征

以6,6'-二氰-2,2'-联吡啶为原料,经两步反应,合成了6,6'二(5,6二乙基-1,2,4-三嗪-3-基)-2,2'-联吡啶.第一步改变条件使反应时间由17d缩短到3d,得到的中间体和目标产物经元素分析、IR,1 HNMR和MS等表征确认.此外,对反应机理进行了初步探讨.     

4,4'-取代-2,2'-联吡啶钠和铕穴状化合物的合成和性质（英文）

报道了由芳香醛合成4,4',6,6'-取代-2,2'-联吡啶化合物的方法,合成了一系列钠穴状化合物以及两个铕穴状化合物[Eu?bpy·bpy·bpy]·2Cl·Br(bpy=6,6'-二亚甲基-2,2'-联吡啶-4,4'-二甲酯)(23)和[Eu?bpy~1·bpy~1·bpy~2]·2Cl·Br(bpy~1=6,6'-二亚甲基-2,2'-联吡啶-4,4'-二甲酸,bpy~2=6,6'-二亚甲基-2,2'-联吡啶-4,4'-二甲酰乙二胺)(24).目标化合物均经过~1H NMR、13C NMR和高分辨质谱(HRMS)表征.X射线单晶衍射(XRD)和HRMS鉴定了铕穴状化合物23的结构.对23的荧光光谱(PL)、荧光衰减曲线和绝对量子产率(η)的研究结果表明,23能够有效地被近紫外光激发,显示荧光寿命(τ)为0.32 ms,η为70%的亮红色荧光,表明23是一种在发光和照明显示之中有着潜在应用的荧光材料.     

固相研磨合成4,4''''-联吡啶季铵盐

采用室温固相研磨的方法,4,4'-联吡啶与连有阻塞基的乙氧乙醇磺酸酯(或苄溴)反应,得到单取代的4,4'-联吡啶六氟磷酸盐(2),2再与α,α'-二(溴甲基)-2,2'-联吡啶反应,得到哑铃型化合物--2,2'-联吡啶桥连的双-4,4'-联吡啶六氟磷酸盐(3),收率约90%.2和3的结构经1H NMR, 13C NMR和MS表征.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.