用时域有限差分方法计算电磁散射

首先介绍了时域有限差分方法的基本原理,然后用该方法计算了球形目标的散射场,并与由ＭＩＥ理论所得到的精确解作了比较,两种结果的很好符合说明了时域有限差分方法的有效性,最后指出了使用时域有限差分方法应该注意的问题     

波束入射时一维动态粗糙海面的电磁散射

基于粗糙面散射场积分方程,采用目前较为普遍的前、后向加速迭代法来求解具有Pierson-Moskowitz谱的动态导体粗糙海面的波束散射问题,数值计算后向散射截面的角分布,讨论了波束和平面波入射时动态海面在不同尺度、采样间隔及不同风速下的散射截面的变化,尤其对掠入射散射做了讨论,得到了平面波和波束入射时后向散射截面随掠入射角近四次方的变化关系。     

粗糙地面与上方多目标的复合电磁散射FDTD研究

采用指数型粗糙面模拟实际的粗糙地面,利用四成分模型模拟土壤介电常数,运用时域有限差分方法研究了一维有耗粗糙地面与上方多目标的复合电磁散射问题.通过数值计算得到了双站复合电磁散射系数随散射角的变化曲线,详细讨论了双站复合散射系数随粗糙地面高度起伏均方根、相关长度、土壤湿度、目标参数等的变化规律,得到了一维有耗粗糙地面与上方多目标的复合电磁散射特性.     

应用FDTD方法计算电磁散射问题--对FDTD中由输出边界外推远区散射场方法的探讨

根据作者在应用时域有限差分方法计算电磁散射问题的体在相位滞后法的基础上,对时域有限差分方法的近、远场外推步骤进行了简化处理.本文还对该处理方法的正确性进行了理论上的探讨,并通过计算结果与实验数据的比较来验证该方法的正确性.     

应用FDTD方法计算电磁散射问题——对FDTD中由输出边界外推远区散射场方法的探讨

根据作者在应用时域有限差分方法计算电磁散射问题的体在相位滞后法的基础上，对时域有限差分方法的近、远场外推步骤进行了简化处理。本文还对该处理方法的正确性进行了理论上的探讨，并通过计算结果与实验数据的比较来验证该方法的正确性。     

随机粗糙地面的宽带电磁散射研究

利用指数型随机粗糙面模拟实际的粗糙地面,运用时域有限差分法研究了微分高斯脉冲波照射时粗糙地面的宽带电磁散射问题,得出了后向散射系数的频率响应曲线,计算了后向散射系数随粗糙地面高度起伏均方根、相关长度、土壤湿度、入射角等参数的变化情况,并做了详细分析与讨论,得到了指数型粗糙地面的宽带电磁散射特性.     

一维海面双站电磁散射的二阶小斜率近似研究

运用二阶小斜率近似方法研究了一维海面TE波和TM波的双站电磁散射.把海面的变化看做是高斯随机过程中的皮尔森-莫斯维茨谱,并且用锥形波入射以减少人为截断误差.给出了用二阶小斜率近似法研究一维海面双站散射的数值模拟结果,并与小斜率近似法和矩量法的数值计算结果进行了比较.结果表明,二阶小斜率近似方法比小斜率近似方法更准确.     

基于改进的GO-PO混合方法的舰船与海面复合电磁散射研究

为了提高几何光学与物理光学(GO-PO)方法在计算舰船目标散射、海面与舰船目标耦合散射时面元对入射波和反射波可见性判断的效率,提出了Kd-tree和GO-PO方法相结合的模型. Kd-tree方法在入射波或反射波射线与面元相交测试前,首先执行射线与面元所在包围盒的相交测试,若包围盒的距离参数不符合要求,则无须进入该包围盒,减少射线与大部分面元不必要的相交测试.数值结果表明,改进的GO-PO混合方法在保证计算精度的同时能够提高效率约3倍.因此,该混合方法是相对有效且能够运用于大范围海面与大型舰船目标复合电磁散射特性的研究.     

非高斯海面后向电磁散射的小斜率近似方法

采用小斜率近似方法研究二维高斯和非高斯粗糙海面后向电磁散射问题,给出自相关函数、偏斜度函数和偏峰度函数的计算公式和数值结果,得到小斜率近似下满足高斯和非高斯分布的二维海面后向电磁散射截面计算公式.应用小斜率近似方法讨论非高斯海面后向电磁散射特性,计算结果和实验数据有较好的吻合.     

用FDTD方法分析涂敷目标的散射

应用时域有限差分方法(FDTD)分析涂敷了吸收材料的一种突防弹头的雷达散射截面(RCS)。计算结果显示在目标的特定部位进行吸收材料涂敷可以显著地降低目标的RCS。     

A Bayesian based quasi-analytical algorithm for retrieval of inherent optical properties from ocean color

The recently developed quasi-analytical algorithm （QAA） is a promising algorithm for deriving inherent optical properties from ocean color. Unlike the conventional semi-analytical algorithm, QAA does not need a priori knowledge of the spectral shape of chlorophyll absorption. However, several empirical relations, which may not be universally applicable and can result in low noise tolerance, are involved in QAA. In this study, the Bayesian inversion theory is introduced to improve the performance of QAA. In the estimation of total absorption coefficient at the reference wavelength, instead of empirical algorithms used in the QAA, the Bayesian approach is employed in combination with an optical model that uses separate parameters to account explicitly for the contribution of molecular and particle scatterings to remote sensing reflectance, a priori knowledge produced by the QAA, the Akaike＇s Bayesian information criterion （ABIC） for choosing the optimal regularization parameter, and genetic algorithms for global optimization. Coefficients at other wavelengths are then derived using an empirical estimate of particle backscattering spectral shape. When applied to a simulated dataset synthesized by IOCCG, the Bayesian algorithm outperforms QAA algorithm, especially in higher chlorophyll concentration waters. The root mean square errors （RMSEs） between the true and the derived α（440） and bb（440） are reduced from 0.918 and 0.039 m^-1 for QAA-555 to 0.367 and 0.023 m^-1 for Bayes-555, 0.205 and 0.007 m^-1 for QAA-640 to 0.092 and 0.005 m^-1 for Bayes-640, and 0.207 and 0.007 m^-1 for QAA-blending to 0.096 and 0.005 m^-1 for Bayes-blending. Results of noise sensitivity analysis show that the Bayesian algorithm is more robust than QAA.     

指数型分布粗糙地面宽带后向电磁散射的FDTD研究

采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟生成指数型分布粗糙地面,运用时域有限差分方法(FDTD)研究了高斯脉冲波入射时粗糙地面的宽带电磁散射问题。通过数值计算得到不同频率响应对应的后向散射系数,分析了粗糙地面相关长度、高度起伏均方根、土壤湿度和入射角的变化对后向散射系数的影响,得到了指数型分布粗糙地面的宽带后向电磁散射特性。     

椭球粒子对电磁波散射的系统辨识模型

利用球形粒子的Mie解逼近椭球粒子的内外透射场与散射场,首先建立了求解任意椭球粒子对电磁波散射的系统辨识模型,在毫米波段,数值计算了非球形雨滴的内外电磁场和微分散射截面.结果表明雨滴的前向散射场大于后向散射场,后向散射场无径向分量,较大的球粒子的Mie解对椭球粒子的内外场的贡献较大,椭球引起的交叉极化分辨率随观察点的变化而变化;讨论了进一步提高计算精度的方法.     

Bi-Spectrum Scattering Model for Conducting Randomly Rough Surface

IntroductionThe scattering model for randomly rough surfacesis an important part of microwave remote sensingtheory.However,the scattering from a randomlyrough surface is a very complex problem whichdose not admit closed- formed analytic solutionsfrom the …     

Mean sea surface heights of the South and East China Seas from ocean circulation model and geodetic leveling

The mean sea surface heights (sea surface topography) of the South China, East China, Yellow and Bohai Seas are derived from an ocean general circulation model and surface air pressure. The circulation model covers the global oceans, with fine grid (1/6°) covering the East Asian marginal seas and coarse grid (3°) covering the rest part of the global oceans. The result shows that the China 1985 National Altitude Datum is 24.7 cm above the mean sea surface height of the world oceans. The mean sea surface in the coastal ocean adjacent to China is higher in the south than in the north. Intercomparison of the model results with the geodetic leveling measurements at 28 coastal tidal stations shows a standard deviation of 4.8 cm and a fitting coefficient of 95.3%. After correction through linear regression, the standard deviation is reduced to 4.5 cm. This indicates that the accuracy of model results is sufficient for practical application. Based on the model results, the mean sea surface heights for the study area with a resolution of 1/6 degree are given. This result also links the mean sea levels at islands with those on the mainland coast and gives the mean sea surface heights at tidal stations in the Taiwan Island, the Dongsha Islands, the Xisha Islands and the Nansha Islands relative to the China 1985 National Altitude Datum.     

给水站选址的遥感多因子评价模型

为完善给水站遥感选址的评价内容,提高评价精度,从给水站选址的水源条件和防护条件进行研究,确定以水域分布、断裂密度、地形坡度、汇流累积量、地貌类型、地层岩性及植被覆盖度作为给水站选址的7个评价指标。利用ALOS、TM和DEM数据对上述指标进行提取和解译,并建立模糊隶属度函数对各指标进行规范化评价,采用层次分析方法分别计算各指标权重,采用加权合成算法建立给水站选址评估指数。研究区实地调查水源状况表明,选址评价指数与水源条件的决定系数R2为0.82,相关关系明显。根据选址指数对研究区进行评估分级,结果与理论分析一致。     

基于RS与GIS的1:100万数字地貌制图方法——以兰州幅(J-48)为例

在总结前人研究地貌及地貌制图的基础上,以兰州幅(J-48)地貌图为例,探讨中国1:100万数字地貌制图的方法和技术,制定制图流程和规范.重点讨论了数字地貌制图的几个关键技术和问题,包括遥感解译与DEM辅助计算的关系、地貌与地势起伏度的关系以及地貌界限与影像显示比例尺的关系,为编制全国1:100万地貌图提供理论基础和方法.     

Bi-Spectrum Scattering Model for Dielectric Randomly Rough Surface

The bistatic scattering model is often used for remote microwave sensing. The bi-spectrum model (BSM) for conducting surfaces was used to develop a scattering model for dielectric randomly rough surfaces to estimate their bistatic scattering coefficients. The model for dielectric rough surfaces differs from the BSM for a conducting surface by including Fresnell reflection and transmission from dielectric rough surfaces. The bistatic scattering coefficients were defined to satisfy the reciprocal theorem. Values calculated using the BSM for dielectric randomly rough surfaces compare well with those of the integral equation model (IEM) and with experimental data, showing that the BSM accuracy is acceptable and its range of validity is similar to that of IEM while the BSM expression is simpler than that of IEM。     

基于土壤地形指数和下垫面水文分区的流域模型参数率定

针对流域水文响应会受到地质、地形、地貌、植被、土壤等自然地理因素以及土地利用等下垫面因素综合作用的特点,根据流域下垫面的地理特征进行水文响应分区。借助遥感资料对流域下垫面进行分类并获取土地覆盖/土地利用信息,结合流域土壤类型数据与地形指数推求流域的土壤地形指数。进一步地,利用遥感分类信息和土壤地形指数进行流域的水文分区,率定各个水文分区SCS模型的参数CN值并进行水文模拟,结果表明,屯溪流域21次和东湾流域32次洪水径流模拟相对误差均比传统方法的小。     

Remote sensing model and dynamic mechanism for seasonal changes of the euphotic depth in the East China Sea

Based on remote sensing data and models, spatial distribution of the monthly euphotic depth in the East China Sea in 1998 has been obtained. The character of the seasonal changes of the euphotic depth is summarized, and the dynamic mechanism of the key influencing factors is analyzed. The results indicate that the controlling factors of the seasonal changes of euphotic depth in the East China Sea are the seasonal changes of temperature, diluted water from the Yangtze River, the ocean currents and the front process of different water masses.