聚合物假冠醚研究(Ⅵ)以苯环为端基的[2,2,2]开链穴醚及其酚醛型聚合物的合成与吸附性能

以2-苯氧乙醇为起始原料,合成了以苯环为端基的[2,2,2]开链穴醚(三足体)及其酚醛型聚合物,测定了其对金属离子的吸附性能.结果表明,开链穴醚及其聚合物对Fe3 具有良好的选择吸附性能,吸附容量达1.74mmol/g(20℃).同时测试了反应物的摩尔比、反应温度、Fe3 离子浓度和吸附时间对聚合物吸附Fe3 的影响.     

以假穴醚环为功能基的聚合物的合成与对Fe3＋的吸附

以假穴醚环为功能基的聚合物的合成与对Fe3＋的吸附;聚合物假穴醚;合成;吸附     

磁性氧化石墨烯壬基酚分子印迹聚合物的制备及吸附性能研究

以磁性氧化石墨烯(Fe3O4@GO)为载体,2-乙烯基吡啶为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,利用表面聚合技术制备了对壬基酚(NP)有特异吸附性能的分子印迹聚合物。电子显微镜表征和静态吸附试验结果表明:分子印迹聚合物已修饰在Fe3O4@GO表面,且该聚合物对壬基酚有良好的吸附性能,其最大吸附量为27.99g·kg~(-1)。以该分子印迹聚合物为固相萃取材料,乙腈为上样溶剂、甲醇-乙酸(9+1)溶液为洗脱剂,采用高效液相色谱法对牛奶塑料包装袋中壬基酚进行富集和测定。NP质量浓度的线性范围为2.0~100μg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.34μg·kg~(-1)。加标回收率在86.1%~95.2%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)小于5.0%。     

磁性分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及吸附特性研究

通过分子印迹技术,以磺胺(SNM)为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体,利用Fe3O4磁性纳米微球制备具有特异性识别磺胺的磁性分子印迹聚合物.通过紫外分光光度法对磁性印迹聚合物的吸附性能进行研究,并对吸附特性进行了探讨.利用等温吸附数据进行Scatchard分析,从而推断出印迹聚合物的最大吸附量Qmax为280....     

亚铁离子对驱油聚合物溶液黏度的影响及其降黏机理

采用NaOH沉淀法去除胜坨油田T28区污水含有的亚铁离子(Fe2+),使配制的聚合物溶液黏度增加,通过红外光谱仪(IR)、荧光光谱仪及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对Fe2+的降黏机理进行了分析。 结果表明,采用NaOH沉淀法处理Fe2+含量为5.9 mg/L的污水,控制pH=9,聚合物溶液的黏度可由19.17 mPa·s提高到92.50 mPa·s。 Fe2+使聚合物大分子发生断链,分子间的缔合作用减弱,破坏了分子链间形成的空间网络结构,导致溶液黏度显著降低;当用NaOH处理Fe2+后形成了Fe(OH)2沉淀而析出,同时使聚合物分子链间形成致密的空间网络结构。     

三聚氰胺磁性分子印迹聚合物材料的制备及性能表征

利用溶剂热法通过控制反应时间和温度制得了分散性好和磁性强的Fe3O4,并利用溶胶凝胶法制备得到包覆SiO2的磁性微球(Fe3O4@SiO2)。以三聚氰胺为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为单体,采用本体聚合法制备了磁性分子印迹聚合物(MMIPs)。通过静态吸附实验表明,MMIPs对三聚氰胺的饱和吸附量高达10.22μg/mg,是磁性非印迹聚合物(MNIPs)的1.62倍。粒子扩散模型、Elovich模型和动态吸附实验表明所制得的MMIPs有较好的吸附性能。     

基于荧光共轭聚合物的金属离子检测

以聚乙炔、聚芴、聚噻吩、聚苯撑为代表的荧光共轭聚合物,由于具有独特的光学性能、自组装性能和结构与性能的可调控性,可作为优异的光学传感材料。利用其具有较高摩尔消光系数和荧光量子产率的特点,可设计具有较高灵敏度和选择性的传感器,这已成为生物传感领域的研究热点。以荧光共轭聚合物为基础的金属离子检测,最初是以非水溶性的共轭聚合物为主,通过金属离子与聚合物链上特定基团(如吡啶、冠醚)的结合引起的聚合物荧光性质的变化可实现对某些离子的检测。在共轭聚合物主链上引入亲水性侧链,可大大增强共轭聚合物的水溶性,为金属离子的生物传感检测提供了新的思路,例如可引入能与金属离子结合的生物分子(如DNA、糖基等)来设计传感策略,进一步提高检测的特异性和灵敏度。本文综述了近年来以非水溶性和水溶性荧光共轭聚合物为传感材料,对具有重要生物学意义的重金属离子(Hg²⁺、Pb²⁺)、过渡金属离子(Cu²⁺、Eu³⁺、Ni²⁺、Fe³⁺、Fe²⁺、Ru³⁺、Ag⁺)和碱金属离子(K⁺、Na⁺、Li⁺)进行高灵敏度检测方面的研究进展,并对该领域的发展前景进行了展望。     

聚合物假冠醚研究 (III)新型聚合物氮杂假冠醚的合成与吸附性能

以苯酚为起始剂,用先聚合后功能基化和Na离子模板的简捷方法合成了一种新型聚合物-氮杂假冠醚。研究了其对金属离子的静态吸附性能,结果表明,聚合物对Na+ 和Ca2+离子具有良好的选择吸附性能,对浓度为0.026mol/L~0.028mol/L的Na+ 和Ca2+的静态吸附容量分别达2.54mmol/g和3.06mmol/g;通过红外光谱研究了聚合物及其与Na+ 和Ca2+的配合物的结构,结果表明,在吸附聚合物中,不仅-CH2OCH2-和-CH2NCH2-参与了配位, -CH2OH和PhOCH2- 亦不同程度地参与了配位。[( )-0.1( )] |     

硅胶表面铜离子印迹聚合物的制备和性能研究

以Cu2+为模板,1,4-二羟基蒽醌为单体,硅胶为载体,γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)为偶联剂,利用表面离子印迹技术制备了Cu2+印迹聚合物。采用紫外光谱法、傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FT-IR)、扫描电镜对Cu2+印迹聚合物进行结构和表面形貌表征,并用原子吸收光谱法考察了吸附时间、吸附酸度、吸附温度、吸附浓度等对聚合物吸附性能的影响,研究了印迹聚合物在混合溶液中对Cu2+的选择性,将该聚合物重复利用6次,吸附量达到第一次的82%,并将该印迹聚合物应用到河水和自来水中,能够有效地测出水中铜离子的浓度,回收率分别为95.5%和107.2%。     

双重印迹法制备汞离子印迹聚合物及其性能研究

采用双重印迹法,以N-3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基乙二胺为功能单体,四乙氧基硅烷为交联剂,表面活性剂(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)和Hg2+为模板,合成出Hg2+印迹聚合物.聚合物中的表面活性剂和Hg2+分别由乙醇萃取和HCl洗涤除去,利用平衡吸附法研究了聚合物的吸附性能和选择识别能力,且探讨了实验条件对印迹聚合物吸附性能的影响.结果表明,在竞争离子Cu2+(或Cd2+) 存在下,印迹聚合物具有较高的吸附能力和选择识别能力,最大相对选择系数k′>200,且可以循环使用.     

Chemistry of the surface and structural and adsorption properties of fluorinated carbon fiber and an adsorbent based on it

The chemistry of the surface and structural and adsorption properties of fluorinated carbon fiber were studied by IR spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and static adsorption of vapors and dyes from aqueous solutions. Also, the quantitative characteristics of the influence of a binder (polytetrafluoroethylene) used to prepare a granulated adsorbent on the basis of the fiber were determined. The functional properties of the adsorbent were found to be largely determined by the properties of the initial fluorocarbon fiber. Fluorocarbons were shown to possess a developed porous structure and highly hydrophobic chemically homogeneous nonpolar surface for the adsorption of most of the organic compounds studied.     

Studies on pore structures and surface functional groups of pitch-based activated carbon fibers

The present study concerns the physical activation and chemical oxidation of pitch-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) as ways to improve the adsorption properties. The surface oxides of the ACFs studied were determined by Boehm's titration and the pore structures were studied by the BET method with N(2)/77 K adsorption. Also, the adsorption properties of the ACFs were investigated with chromium ion adsorption by different adsorption models. As a result, it was observed that carboxyl groups were largely created after nitric acid treatment on ACFs. The affinity for chromium ions increases with increasing specific surface area, micropore volume, and surface functionalities of ACFs as the activation time increases.     

聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯树脂对胆红素的吸附研究

本文通过水相悬浮聚合制备了大孔交联聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯（PHEMA）树脂，研究了PHEMA树脂以及用乙醇胺功能基化后的PHEMA树脂对胆红素的吸附性能。结果表明，PHEMA树脂对胆红素的吸附性能受树脂孔结构，吸附温度，离子强度以及溶液中白蛋白的影响。该类吸附剂对胆红素有良好的吸附性能，其中用乙醇胺功能基化的树脂表现出更好的吸附能力。     

酚醛型苯基硫脲树脂对Pt4+、Pd2+的吸附性能

螯合树脂是一类具有螯合功能基,能从含有金属离子的溶液中有选择的捕集、分离特定金属离子的功能高分子。含N、S、O配位原子的螯合树脂对贵、重金属离子有良好的吸附性能和吸附选择性。利用螯合树脂的吸附性能,     

Properties of protein adsorption onto pore surface during microfiltration: Effects of solution environment and membrane hydrophobicity

Properties of bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption onto pore surface during the filtration of BSA containing solution with the Sirasu porous glass membrane with a pore size of 0.1 μm were studied. The effects of pH, ionic strength, and surface modification on the flux decline and breakthrough curves were observed. The adsorption properties of BSA were estimated quantitatively by using the internal fouling model, which relates the filtration performance to the adsorption interaction, the adsorption capacity, and the thickness of the adsorption layer. The electrostatic interaction between BSA and pore surface was estimated by the streaming potential measurement. The BSA adsorption involved a rapid adsorption in the early stage of filtration followed by a slow multilayer adsorption that dominates the long-term filtration performance. The electrostatic repulsive force reduced the overall adsorption interaction but the electrostatic attractive force did not affect the adsorption interaction. The effect of ionic strength on the BSA adsorption could be explained in terms of the shift of the IEP of BSA toward lower pH with the increase in ionic strength. The hydrophobicity of membrane did not affect the adsorption properties except for the adsorption interaction in the early stage of the filtration.     

An improved methodology for adsorption characterization of unmodified and modified silica gels

An improvement in the adsorption characterization of the surface and structural properties of unmodified and modified mesoporous silica gels is presented. This improvement was achieved by selection of proper macroporous silica as the reference solid for adsorption characterization of porous silica gels. Experimental illustration is provided for unmodified and n-octyl-modified silica gels of different bonding density. The surface and structural properties of these silica gels were characterized by utilizing the standard adsorption data for both unmodified and octyl-modified LiChrospher Si-1000 macroporous silica gels. It was shown that the standard nitrogen adsorption data have an appreciable influence on the analysis of the pore size and surface properties of silica gels. This analysis can be improved by selecting the reference solid of the surface properties close to those of the silica gel studied.     

Functionalized mesoporous materials for adsorption and release of different drug molecules: A comparative study

The adsorption capacity and release properties of mesoporous materials for drug molecules can be improved by functionalizing their surfaces with judiciously chosen organic groups. Functionalized ordered mesoporous materials containing various types of organic groups via a co-condensation synthetic method from 15% organosilane and by post-grafting organosilanes onto a pre-made mesoporous silica were synthesized. Comparative studies of their adsorption and release properties for various model drug molecules were then conducted. Functional groups including 3-aminopropyl, 3-mercaptopropyl, vinyl, and secondary amine groups were used to functionalize the mesoporous materials while rhodamine 6G and ibuprofen were utilized to investigate the materials’ relative adsorption and release properties. The self-assembly of the mesoporous materials was carried out in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant, which produced MCM-41 type materials with pore diameters of ∼2.7-3.3 nm and moderate to high surface areas up to ∼1000 m²/g. The different functional groups introduced into the materials dictated their adsorption capacity and release properties. While mercaptopropyl and vinyl functionalized samples showed high adsorption capacity for rhodamine 6G, amine functionalized samples exhibited higher adsorption capacity for ibuprofen. While the diffusional release of ibuprofen was fitted on the Fickian diffusion model, the release of rhodamine 6G followed Super Case-II transport model.     

A study of the adsorption and surface properties of KSKG silica gel by gas chromatography

The adsorption properties of commercial wide-pore KSKG silica gel with respect to n-alkanes and their derivatives, the molecules of which possess different electron-donor and electron-acceptor properties, were studied by gas chromatography. The adsorption isotherms were used to determine the heats of adsorption, differential molar Helmholtz energies, and contributions of dispersion and specific (acid-base or donor-acceptor) interactions to these energies. The electron-donor and electron-acceptor characteristics of extremely hydroxylated silica gel surface were estimated. The electron-acceptor properties of the surface of KSKG were found to be much stronger than its electron-donor properties.     

壳聚糖微球负载的己二胺型聚酰胺-胺树状大分子的制备及对胆红素的吸附

通过反相悬浮反应制备了戊二醛交联的壳聚糖微球。以所制备的壳聚糖微球为载体,合成了己二胺型低代数聚酰胺-胺（Polyamidoamine,简称PAMAM）树枝状大分子（Genaration≤3）。考察了该微球在生理条件下对水溶液中胆红素的吸附行为,以及溶液的pH值,离子强度,温度,胆红素初始浓度,牛血清白蛋白等因素对吸附的影响。结果表明,吸附剂对胆红素具有良好的吸附性能,CS-G2.0,CS-G3.0,CS-G1.0,CS-G0和CS微球的平衡吸附率分别为94.61%,93.44%,92.97%,86.47%,52.38%,CS-G1.0-G3.0微球在0.5h吸附率已经超过70%,1h基本接近平衡,对胆红素的吸附量高达42.78mg/g。     

柱芳烃基多孔聚合物的制备及其吸附性能

将柱[5]芳烃与1,3,5-三乙炔苯(TEB)通过Sonogashira偶联反应制备了一类新型多孔有机聚合物P[5]-TEB,进而通过脱甲基反应对其进行改性得到多羟基的多孔聚合物P[5]OH-TEB,对二者的物理化学性质和吸附性能进行研究。 氮吸附测试表明,羟基的引入使P[5]OH-TEB的比表面积变大,同时引入微孔结构。 染料吸附实验表明,两聚合物对亚甲基蓝吸附过程符合Langmuir模型,P[5]OH-TEB对亚甲基蓝有更大的吸附量;吸附动力学试验表明,吸附过程更符合拟二级动力学模型,属于化学吸附过程,改性之后P[5]OH-TEB有更快的吸附速率;选择性吸附实验表明,羟基引入聚合物后聚合物对阳离子染料的吸附性能提升,对阴离子染料的吸附效果变差。