海关总署批准公布《苯含量的测定气相色谱法》等4项海关化验标准

根据《中华人民共和国海关行业标准管理办法(试行)》,海关总署批准《萘含量的测定气相色谱法》、《酒花浸膏中α-酸和β-酸的测定方法液相色谱-串联质谱法》、《聚酯纤维中二氧化钛含量的测定法》和《甲苯二异氰酸酯中同分异构体含量的测定气相色谱法》4项海关化验标准,现予以公布(标准文本由中国海关出版社出版),自2009年4月1日起实施。(仪器信息网)海关总署批准公布《苯含量的测定气相色谱法》等4项海关化验标准     

毛细管气相色谱法测定工作场所空气中3种多环芳烃

采用毛细管气相色谱法测定工作场所空气中3种多环芳烃(萘、萘烷和四氢化萘)的含量。样品采用活性炭管采集,二硫化碳解吸20min,用DB-FFAP毛细管气相色谱柱分离,火焰离子检测器检测。3种多环芳烃在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.05~0.5 mg·L-1之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在89.3%~97.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.2%~5.4%之间。     

工业萘加氢精制产品的气相色谱分析

工业萘经催化加氢制得精萘,实质上就是脱去其中的硫。化工部对精萘提出二项标准:1.硫脱到200ppm以下,2.四氢萘含量在3％以下。为达到其标准,关键是选择加氢催化性能良好的催化剂和评价出反应的最佳操作条件,为此,我们必须对工业萘加氢精制的产品(以下简称精萘)组成进行测定。硫含量用微库仑定硫仪或阮来镍法做控制分析。而四氢萘含量是用气相色谱法测定。     

含脂肪食品中植物甾醇含量的气相色谱法测定

建立了一种利用气相色谱测定含脂肪食品中植物甾醇含量的方法。样品加入β－胆固醇作内标,70℃下在KOH－EtOH溶液中皂化1h,用正己烷萃取,采用毛细管气相色谱法测定甾醇含量。该法具有良好的准确度和精确度。     

气相色谱法检测纸质包装材料中9种有害物质

建立了快速测定纸质包装材料中甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯、萘、十四烷、二苯甲酮、硬脂酸甲酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯9种有害物质的气相色谱法。纸质包装材料样品进行溶剂萃取,用气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器法同时测定样品的9种有害物质。对萃取剂、萃取温度和时间以及色谱条件进行了考察,方法的线性范围为0~100μg/mL,检测限为0.01~0.05μg/mL,回收率为91.7%~111.4%,相对标准偏差为3.59%~7.76%。该方法操作简单,定量准确可靠。     

萘普生对映体的拆分及其手性药物的测定

采用CHIRALART Cellulose-SB手性柱,利用反相色谱法研究2-芳基丙酸类非甾体抗炎手性药物萘普生的色谱拆分方法,考察了流动相的组成、柱温和流速等因素对对映体拆分的影响。结果表明,萘普生在流动相为甲醇-0.1%甲酸(63∶37,V/V)、柱温20℃、流速0.6 m L·min-1时,分离效果最佳,分离度为2.00。该方法进一步应用于5种萘普生药物中对映体含量的测定,5种样品中均仅有S-萘普生检出,其含量在93.29 mg·g-1~106.94 mg·g-1之间,相对标准偏差在0.63%~1.05%之间。该方法简便、快速、低毒,可用于萘普生手性药物的分离和测定。     

程序升温色谱法同时测定中成药痰咳净中冰片和咖啡因

痰咳净是一种新型快速排痰镇咳中成药。由桔梗、北杏、冰片、咖啡因、甘草等多种药物组成。冰片和咖啡因是制剂中具有多种药理作用的重要成分,因此,测定两者的含量对控制和评定产品质量以及对卫生部规定的一类管理药物咖啡因的审定有着十分重要的意义。 分别测定冰片和咖啡因的气相色谱法已屡见报道。采用色谱法同时测定这两种成分,国内外未见报道。本文介绍程序升温气相色谱法同时测定冰片和咖啡因。实验表明,本法操作简便、迅速,准确度和重现性良好。     

裂解-气相色谱法同时测定卷烟烟丝中3种芳香烃的释放量

利用纵型微型炉裂解器,用裂解-气相色谱法(Py-GC)同时测定了卷烟烟丝在300℃,500℃和800℃等3个温度下裂解释放出的甲苯、间二甲苯和萘等3种芳香烃的含量。甲苯和间二甲苯的质量浓度在0.02~2.00g·L~(-1)、萘的质量浓度在0.01~1.00g·L~(-1)之间呈线性,3种化合物的检出限(3S/N)分别为0.25,0.32,0.13 mg·g~(-1)。甲苯、间二甲苯、萘的加标回收率在89.5%~95.8%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)均小于6%。     

煤焦油萘择形异丙基化产物组成的气相色谱/质谱分析

 采用毛细管气相色谱 /质谱 (CGC/MS)联用技术 ,经计算机质谱库检索并结合人工谱图解析 ,研究了在不同沸石分子筛催化剂上煤焦油萘择形异丙基化产物的组成。研究结果表明 ,煤焦油萘异丙基化产物主要由一取代萘、二取代萘以及少量三取代萘组成 ;除 HZSM-5活性较低以外 ,其它催化剂均有较高的反应活性 ,其中 HY和 Hβ反应活性最高 ,萘转化率分别达 75 .1 5 %和 5 5 .96% ,但β位产物的选择性较差 ;ZM类催化剂既有一定的活性 ,又有较高的β选择性 ,是萘择形异丙基化反应理想的备选催化剂。     

高分辨气相色谱法测定人血浆中单硝酸异山梨酯的浓度

建立了一种用高分辨气相色谱法测定人血浆中单硝酸异山梨酯含量的方法。血浆中药物用氯仿提取,以ＳＥ－５２石英毛细管柱分离,采用电子捕获检测器测定。血样回收率为９６．１９％以上。     

饮用水中有机污染物检测方法研究进展

介绍水中有机污染物的富集方法如顶空法、萃取法、固相微萃取法、液相微萃取法、棒吸附萃取等,对饮用水中有机污染物的检测技术如气相色谱法、气相色谱–质谱联用法、液相色谱法、液相色谱–质联用法等进行了综述并对检测技术的发展趋势进行了展望。     

环境中氯苯类化合物的分析研究进展

氯苯类化合物（邻二氯苯、对二氯苯、间二氯苯、三氯苯、氯甲苯、二氯甲苯和三氯甲苯等）是环境中需要重点监测的致癌污染物,文章介绍了近年来国内外环境中氯苯类化合物的分析研究进展。主要的分析测定方法有：普通气相色谱法、固相微萃取．毛细管气相色谱法、吹扫捕集．气相色谱法、顶空气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法、光度法和红外光谱法等。分析测定方法和结果对评价环境污染具有重要意义。     

药物气相色谱分析专家系统

介绍了药物气相色谱分析专家系统的方法发展流程、总体逻辑结构及设计方法,并给出了2个应用实例。该系统具有文献检索、分离模式判断、柱系统推荐、衍生化方法推荐、色谱条件和衍生化条件优化、样品预处理方法推荐、定性定量分析、知识获取等功能。     

Measurement of polyunsaturated fatty acids of myocardial lipids by high performance liquid chromatography

Summary This report describes a modified method for the separation and analysis of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as 20:4, 20:5, and 22:6, using HPLC. The results show that these fatty acids are well separated from the saturated acids. Since the unsaturated fatty acids elute earlier than saturated acids, and this method does not require the fractionation of free fatty acids using thin layer chromatography, a necessary step for the gas chromatographic analysis, the recoveries of polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly higher as compared to those from gas chromatography. Furthermore, HPLC and gas chromatographic methods gave identical results for the acyl chain composition of phosphatidylserine. The advantages of using HPLC over gas chromatography in determining the acyl chain composition of free fatty acids and phospholipids are also discussed.     

Comparison of different methods to estimate the uncertainty in composition measurement by chromatography

Natural gas is a mixture that contains hydrocarbons and other compounds, such as CO₂ and N₂. Natural gas composition is commonly measured by gas chromatography, and this measurement is important for the calculation of some thermodynamic properties that determine its commercial value. The estimation of uncertainty in chromatographic measurement is essential for an adequate presentation of the results and a necessary tool for supporting decision making. Various approaches have been proposed for the uncertainty estimation in chromatographic measurement. The present work is an evaluation of three approaches of uncertainty estimation, where two of them (guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement method and prediction method) were compared with the Monte Carlo method, which has a wider scope of application. The aforementioned methods for uncertainty estimation were applied to gas chromatography assays of three different samples of natural gas. The results indicated that the prediction method and the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement method (in the simple version used) are not adequate to calculate the uncertainty in chromatography measurement, because uncertainty estimations obtained by those approaches are in general lower than those given by the Monte Carlo method.     

Recent applications of gas chromatography with high‐resolution mass spectrometry

Gas chromatography coupled to high‐resolution mass spectrometry is a powerful analytical method that combines excellent separation power of gas chromatography with improved identification based on an accurate mass measurement. These features designate gas chromatography with high‐resolution mass spectrometry as the first choice for identification and structure elucidation of unknown volatile and semi‐volatile organic compounds. Gas chromatography with high‐resolution mass spectrometry quantitative analyses was previously focused on the determination of dioxins and related compounds using magnetic sector type analyzers, a standing requirement of many international standards. The introduction of a quadrupole high‐resolution time‐of‐flight mass analyzer broadened interest in this method and novel applications were developed, especially for multi‐target screening purposes. This review is focused on the development and the most interesting applications of gas chromatography coupled to high‐resolution mass spectrometry towards analysis of environmental matrices, biological fluids, and food safety since 2010. The main attention is paid to various approaches and applications of gas chromatography coupled to high‐resolution mass spectrometry for non‐target screening to identify contaminants and to characterize the chemical composition of environmental, food, and biological samples. The most interesting quantitative applications, where a significant contribution of gas chromatography with high‐resolution mass spectrometry over the currently used methods is expected, will be discussed as well.     

Comparison of two methods of measuring wood pyrolysis tar

Two methods for the sampling and analysis of tar produced from wood pyrolysis were compared. The first method used a conventional cold-trapping technique in solvent-filled impingers followed by liquid injection. The second one is a new application of multibed solid-phase adsorbent (SPA) tubes followed by thermal desorption (TD). Both methods are based on gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). Quantification was performed with a well reproducible GC-MS method with three internal deuterated standards. The SPA/TD method offers several advantages. No solvent is required, the detection levels are improved, and gas chromatography separation is easier. Moreover, sampling time is reduced from about 1h (for the conventional cold-trapping technique in impingers) to a few seconds. No discrimination was observed between the two sampling methods for the 10 quantified compounds (aromatic compounds from benzene to phenanthrene and phenols) except for benzene.     

气相色谱分析样品的提取与富集技术

对几种常用或新近发展起来的气相色谱分析样品的提取和富集方法如固相萃取法、吹扫——捕集法、热解析法等作了简要论述,着重讨论了它们的应用特点、优缺点,并对这几种提取、富集方法进行了比较。     

氢气的分析方法研究

介绍了低纯度氢气和高纯度氢气的不同分析检测方法。对于纯度小于99.99%的氢气,其分析方法主要有爆炸法、吸收法、膜分离法和气相色谱法;对于纯度大于99.99%的氢气,其分析方法主要有变温浓缩的热导池气相色谱法、配有光电离子化检测器(DID)的气相色谱法和色谱-质谱联用法。     

气质联用单离子监测法测定纺织品中1-萘胺和2-萘胺

采用气质联用单离子监测法(SIM)测定纺织品中1-萘胺和2-萘胺，对提取条件进行了优化，采用保留时间和全扫描质谱图定性，特征离子m/z143为监测离子，以其峰面积定量。