超声波电发生器的最大输出功率和效率

本文从电路理论中的最大功率传输定理出发，分析了超声波电发生器与普通电源的异同，提出了最大功率传输定理的扩展条件，从而将一般电源的匹配和超声波发生器的匹配这两种概念统一起来。文章应用扩展后的最大功率传输定理，从一个新的角度对超声波电发生器的最大输出功率和效率进行了分析，得到与图解法等其他方法相同的结果。     

CXF-1型功率超声波发生器的研制

本文详细地介绍了为蔗糖结晶而研制了一种可调式的功率超声波发生器，对该电路的工作原理和设计进行了讨论，并对研制结果作了些分析。     

Review of the design of power ultrasonic generator for piezoelectric transducer

The power ultrasonic generator (PUG) is the core device of power ultrasonic technology (PUT), and its performance determines the application of this technology in biomedicine, semiconductor, aerospace, and other fields. With the high demand for sensitive and accurate dynamic response in power ultrasonic applications, the design of PUG has become a hot topic in academic and industry. However, the previous reviews cannot be used as a universal technical manual for industrial applications. There are many technical difficulties in establishing a mature production system, which hinder the large-scale application of PUG for piezoelectric transducers. To enhance the performance of the dynamic matching and power control of PUG, the studies in various PUT applications have been reviewed in this article. Initially, the demand design covering the piezoelectric transducer application and parameter requirements for ultrasonic and electrical signals is overall summarized, and these parameter requirements have been recommended as the technical indicators of developing the new PUG. Then the factors affecting the power conversion circuit design are analyzed systematically to realize the foundational performance improvement of PUG. Furthermore, advantages and limitations of key control technologies have been summarized to provide some different ideas on how to realize automatic resonance tracking and adaptive power adjustment, and to optimize the power control and dynamic matching control. Finally, several research directions of PUG in the future have been prospected.     

大功率单脉冲超声信号发生器的设计

为了提高探伤深度,实现混凝土大坝等散射强介质的超声检测,本文提出了一种成本低,小体积,结构简单的大功率单脉冲超声信号发生器,并给出了原理电路设计。所述装置利用控制电容充放电经脉冲变压器产生瞬时高压脉冲的新思路,克服了过去由于信号幅度限制功率上不去的困难。经实验验证该装置与现有的单脉冲信号发生器相比,探伤深度得到了很大提高,可用于混凝土结构构建的超声探伤。     

双电桥测收缩电阻

利用双电桥测量了导体间的收缩电阻，并对接触电阻进行了分析。     

线电荷与接地半无限大导体板所形成的电场

将镜像法和保角变换法相结合,计算由线电荷与接地半无限大导体板所形成的电场,给出其电势分布和场强分布,进一步得出等势线方程和电场线方程,并利用数学软件MATLAB绘制出等势线图和电场线图.     

HIFU治疗中换能器驱动电功率变化机制及规律*

高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)治疗中的驱动电功率对治疗效率起着非常关键的作用,驱动电功率控制的精准性势必会影响治疗的效率和安全性。前期研究表明：HIFU治疗过程中焦域瞬态物理特性的变化会导致换能器的负载阻抗发生变化,进而影响HIFU驱动电功率,但驱动电功率与焦域瞬态物理特性之间的影响关系及规律尚不明确。该文基于电压、电流传感器、空化检测探头和温度传感器等器件,构建了一种HIFU治疗中驱动电功率实时监测及焦域声空化、温度检测系统。基于该实验研究系统,以离体牛心组织作为HIFU辐照对象,分别研究了HIFU焦域温度变化、声空化及组织损伤与驱动电功率之间的变化关系及规律。研究结果表明：当焦域温度升高时,驱动电功率缓慢上升,驱动电功率与温度变化有良好的相关性;当空化产生时,驱动电功率出现明显的波动;当组织出现损伤时,驱动电功率呈陡然下降的变化。三种情景下,驱动电功率变化有明显区别,这有望为区分HIFU治疗过程中焦域处发生损伤和空化以及实时监测靶组织损伤程度提供一种新的解决方案。     

基于弧形PFN的长脉冲功率源研制

设计了基于弧形Blumlein 脉冲成形网络(Blumlein PFN)的LTD型重复频率长脉冲功率模块。该模块将四路阻抗均为24 的弧形Blumlein PFN对称分布在LTD外筒圆周上,连接于LTD的初级绕组上,并采用两个激光触发放电开关同步驱动,整个脉冲功率模块结构紧凑,缩短了高压馈线和开关引线长度,有利于形成良好脉冲波形。在此基础上研制了两模块重复频率长脉冲功率源,实验结果表明,研制的长脉冲功率源在5 Hz重频运行时假负载上输出脉冲幅值约为260 kV,脉冲功率达到5.2 GW,脉冲宽度约170 ns。     

Simultaneous backward data transmission and power harvesting in an ultrasonic transcutaneous energy transfer link employing acoustically dependent electric impedance modulation

The advancement and miniaturization of body implanted medical devices pose several challenges to Ultrasonic Transcutaneous Energy Transfer (UTET), such as the need to reduce the size of the piezoelectric resonator, and the need to maximize the UTET link power-transfer efficiency. Accordingly, the same piezoelectric resonator that is used for energy harvesting at the body implant, may also be used for ultrasonic backward data transfer, for instance, through impedance modulation.     

固态化高功率长脉冲驱动源关键技术

基于固态化磁开关、低阻抗脉冲形成网络和感应电压叠加等关键技术, 提出了一种固态化高功率长脉冲驱动源技术方案, 该方案充分利用了绝缘规律, 可实现模块化设计, 具备提高系统稳定性、可靠性、重复频率和长时间运行的潜在优势。目前, 针对系统方案进行了电路模拟计算, 研制了各关键子系统, 开展了全系统的初步联合实验, 在假负载上输出了功率2.1 GW、脉宽约170 ns的高压脉冲, 验证了技术方案的合理性。     

固态化高功率长脉冲驱动源关键技术

基于固态化磁开关、低阻抗脉冲形成网络和感应电压叠加等关键技术,提出了一种固态化高功率长脉冲驱动源技术方案,该方案充分利用了绝缘规律,可实现模块化设计,具备提高系统稳定性、可靠性、重复频率和长时间运行的潜在优势。目前,针对系统方案进行了电路模拟计算,研制了各关键子系统,开展了全系统的初步联合实验,在假负载上输出了功率2.1GW、脉宽约170ns的高压脉冲,验证了技术方案的合理性。