AUTHOR INDEX TO VOLUME 3,2005

Abolhassani，M.D.一:Hejazi，M.;Ah- madian，A.;and Amjadi，A.:Comparison of optieal deteetion system，PVDF deteetion system，and PVDF needle hydroPhone for oPtoacoustie tomograPh扒593 Ahmadian，人.see Abolhassani，M，D.，593 All劝 adi，A.see Abolhassani，M.D.，593 Bai，Ming see Zhang，Douguo，107 Bao，Huanmin see丫V么ng，Yanyong，4; W么ng，Yanyong，6;Jia，Doxlgfang，311 Bao，N.K.see Chen，Zhongyu，319 Bi，Jinzi see Yu，Ting，92 Bian，Jing see Xie，Hongyun，156 Bu，Ydng see …     

AUTHOR INDEX TO VOLUME 4,2006

An，Geng see Liang，Gongying，59 B乙，Peng一;and Liu，Junhua:Mixture gas component eoneentration analysis based on supPort veetor maehine and infrared spee- trum，243 Bai，XiangZhong see Chen，Mingyang，63 Bi，Guojiong see Zhang，Shenjin，658 Bi，Jin活1 s     

ICP-AES法同时测定茶叶中的锌、铁、锰、铜、镍、镁

研究了用硝酸＋硫酸＋高氯酸消解样品，用ICP－AES法同时测定茶叶中锌，铁，锰，铜，镍，镁的新方法，在选定的最佳条件下，测锌，铁，锰，铜，镍，镁的检出限分别为4．2，7.8,0.4,7.3,7.6,4.8ng.mL^-1，回收率为94．7％－104．2％，RSD为0．3％－4．7％，该法准确，快速，简便，适用于茶叶样品的测定，结果令人满意。     

ICP—AES法测定锌及其化合物中的杂质元素

采用样品溶解后直接测定及氢氧化钇共沉淀将锌与被测杂质元素分离后测定相结合，研究了锌及其化合物中Ａｇ，Ｃｏ，Ａｌ，Ｎｉ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｕ，Ｃｄ，Ｃｒ，Ｍｎ，Ｉｎ，Ａｓ，Ｐｂ，Ｓｎ，Ｓｂ，Ｂｉ等１５个杂质元素的ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定方法，相对标准偏差１．６－８．１％。     

半导体激光牙科治疗仪

采用ＧａＡｌＡｓ激光二极管作为激光源，电子定时，功率实时监测，ＬＥＤ红光指示，硬光纤偶合输出，工作波长８３０ｎｍ，输出功率１３０ｍＷ，属于低功率激光，主要产生刺激调理作用，消炎止痛，抗感染，改善血液循环，增强机体免疫功能     

中药方剂煎煮液中ICP—AES法同时测定16个元素

本文提出了用硝酸－过氧化氢对中药方剂煎煮液进行处理，ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法对煎煮液中Ｌｉ，Ｎａ，Ｂｅ，Ｃａ，Ｓｒ，Ｂａ，Ｍｇ，Ｃｕ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ，Ｚｎ，Ｍｎ，Ｃｄ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｒ，Ｖ１６个元素进行同时测定的方法，该方法简单，快速，准确度高，所测元素的加标回收率均在８５～１０３％之间，样品分析结果满意。     

元素在探针表面上的原子化机理研究

探针原子人经法是一种新技术，本文系统地总结了用探针原子化法研究Ａｕ（１Ｂ），Ｓｒ（ⅡＡ），Ｃｄ（ⅡＢ），Ａｌ（ⅢＡ），Ｌａ，Ｓｍ，Ｆｕ（ⅢＢ），Ｇｅ，Ｓｎ，Ｐｂ（ⅣＡ），Ｓｂ，Ｂｉ（ⅤＡ），Ｖ（ⅤＢ），Ｃｒ，Ｍｏ（ⅥＢ），Ｍｎ（ⅦＢ），Ｆｅ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ，Ｐｔ（Ⅷ）等２０个元素的原子化机理了起源于卤化物分解的元素有Ａｕ与Ｐｔ，起源于氧化物分解的元素有Ｃｄ，Ａｌ，Ｌａ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｅ，Ｍｎ与Ｆｅ。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定硅酸盐中硫等20个主、次、痕量元素

本文使用新研制的偏硼酸锂和四硼酸锂混合熔剂，在１０００℃熔融制样，以Ｘ射线荧光光谱法测定硅酸盐等样品中的Ｓ，Ｎａ，Ｍｇ，Ａｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｐ，Ｋ，Ｃａ，Ｔｉ，Ｍｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｂａ，Ｃｒ，Ｖ，Ｓｒ，Ｚｒ，Ｒｂ，Ｃｕ，Ｎｉ和Ｎｂ等２０种元素，采用理论α系数和康普顿散射线作内标校正元素间的吸收－增强效应。其分析结果的精密度和准确度可与化学法相比     

将混沌学引入工科大学物理教学的尝试

探索一种简洁，直观，生动，易被工科学生所接受的混沌教学方法，特点在于利用多种媒体包括电子教案，光盘，VCD，网络，C语言程序，演示实验等，由浅入深，由表及里，向学生展示混沌世界。     

姜科植物化学成分的色谱／质谱研究

本文研究了姜科植物１１个样品，提取了挥发油，用色谱／质谱技术从挥发油中鉴定出１００多种成分。其中α－蒎烯，β－蒎烯，莰烯１，８－桉油素，β－水芹烯，柠檬酸，柠檬醛，香叶醇，丁子香酚，芳樟醇，α－姜烯，β－姜烯，α－姜黄烯，β－姜黄烯，石竹烯，姜酮，β－荜澄茄烯，香芹酮，乙酸香叶酯，乙酸芳樟酯等２０种化合物是多数姜科植物挥发油的共同成分。     

Selective ultrasonic treatment of perforation zones in horizontal oil wells for water cut reduction

A technique for treatment of perforation zones of horizontal oil wells for water cut reduction based on selective ultrasonic treatment was suggested. The technique involves online geophysical studies of horizontal wells, determination of treatment intervals based on these studies, selective ultrasonic treatment of the chosen interval and subsequent pump-out using a specially designed jet pump. The technology does not involve reduction of the flow in the well. The developed innovative technique of water cut reduction using selective ultrasonic treatment is studied within this article. Theoretical estimations and computer modeling revealed that the position of the downhole ultrasonic tool near the sidewall of the well leads to more homogeneous distribution of the induced acoustical field and wider penetration of the acoustical waves. The developed method was tested on a horizontal well in Western Siberia, which was characterized by high water cut. Based on geophysical studies only zones with low water and high oil production were treated, this lead to a decrease of the water cut by 20% and an increase of oil production by 91% after treatment of the test well.     

含低渗透夹层的非均质双重介质垂向干扰的精确解

本文建立了单一介质、双重介质中由两个渗透层被一个致密低渗透层隔开的多层油藏渗流的数学模型,并求得了无穷大地层的精确解和长时渐近解。利用这个解可以在双重介质层状油藏的单井、多井试井中解释压力恢复曲线、垂向干扰试井和垂向脉冲试井。     

水驱油藏中油水两相分布规律微观模拟及分析

水驱是提高原油采收率的重要方法,我国除四川以外,19个采油区块均采用注水方式开采。由于油藏多孔介质油水多相流动的复杂性,理论和试验研究都存在一定的局限。本文参考油气井工程研究所拍摄的实例照片建立物理模型,经过合理的简化建立数学模型,借助fluent模拟软件进行模拟。模拟结果表明,岩石的润湿性和油、水的界面张力是影响油、水两相流动的重要参数。     

Ultrasonic technology for enhanced oil recovery from failing oil wells and the equipment for its implemention

A new method for the ultrasonic enhancement of oil recovery from failing wells is described. The technology involves lowering a source of power ultrasound to the bottom of the well either for a short treatment before removal or as a permanent placement for intermittent use. In wells where the permeability is above 20 mD and the porosity is greater than 15% ultrasonic treatment can increase oil production by up to 50% and in some cases even more. For wells of lower permeability and porosity ultrasonic treatment alone is less successful but high production rates can be achieved when ultrasound is applied in conjunction with chemicals. An average productivity increase of nearly 3 fold can be achieved for this type of production well using the combined ultrasound with chemical treatment technology.     

水驱油过程的核磁共振二维谱研究

岩心水驱油过程中油水分布状况是岩心多孔介质的重要性质. 水驱油过程的研究是进一步进行提高采收率研究的基础. 核磁共振扩散-弛豫二维谱提供了岩心中流体性质的多方面信息,与核磁共振一维弛豫谱相比极大地提高了区分油水的能力. 该文通过2组岩心水驱油实验,从不同含油饱和度的扩散-弛豫二维谱中提取出水的一维弛豫谱,在原油粘度比较高的情况下获得了驱替过程中油水在不同孔隙中的分布状况以及润湿性等信息, 解决了单独用一维弛豫谱方法难以区分油水的问题. 该文的研究方法对油田提高采收率的研究有比较大的参考价值.     

基于VOF方法的水驱油藏孔隙尺度剩余油分布状态研究

准确认识多孔介质内水驱剩余油的微观赋存状态对于改善高含水油田水驱开发效果,提高水驱采收率具有重要意义。在对Volume of Fluid (VOF)方法验证的基础上,充分利用其追踪两相界面动态变化、再现微观渗流物理过程的优势,开展特高含水期砂岩油藏物性条件、驱替方式对剩余油微观赋存特征和采收率的影响研究。通过分析典型孔隙结构的微观渗流特征和剩余油受力情况,揭示不同类型微观剩余油的动用机制和规律：水湿条件下驱替速度的增大和驱替方向的改变会使得微观剩余油分布较为分散且采收率得到不同程度的提高;油湿及高黏度比条件下毛管阻力、黏滞力较大,剩余油多以簇状和多孔状聚集分布,采出程度相对较低。     

A method for water well regeneration based on shock waves and ultrasound

The regeneration of water wells is an urgent problem nowadays, when drilling of new wells becomes more and more expensive. Formation damage leads to a reduction of the formation's permeability and/or pore volume which in turn inhibits the ability of the water to flow from the reservoir formation into the wellbore. A new technology that uses high-power ultrasound to remove formation damage of water wells has been developed. The effectiveness of regeneration of wells can be enhanced if ultrasound and shockwaves are used during the same treatment. It was shown by computer modelling, that the two methods have different depths of impact. Whereas the ultrasonic method has a strong impact on the area of the filter tube, the impact of the shock waves is focused on the gavel pack, the wall of the well and the adjacent aquifer. A shockwave treatment, which is normally more effective due to larger impact zone, needs to be followed by ultrasonic treatment in order to facilitate the removal of the detached deposits. These theoretical assumptions were confirmed by field tests on two wells. The use of the method leaded to an increase of the production by 40% and 109% respectively.     

Effect of ultrasound radiation duration on emulsification and demulsification of paraffin oil and surfactant solution/brine using Hele-shaw models

Ultrasound technique is one of the unconventional enhanced oil recovery methods which has been of interest for more than six decades. However, the majority of the oil recovery mechanisms under ultrasound reported in the previous studies are theoretical. Emulsification is one of the mechanisms happening at the interface of oil and water in porous media under ultrasound. Oppositely, ultrasound is one of the techniques using in oil industry for demulsification of oil/water emulsion. Therefore, the conditions in which emulsification becomes dominant over demulsification under ultrasound should be more investigated. Duration of ultrasound radiation could be one of the factors affecting emulsification and demulsification processes. In this study a technique was developed to investigate the effect of long and short period of ultrasound radiation on emulsification and demulsification of paraffin oil and surfactant solution in porous media. For this purpose, the 2D glass Hele-shaw models were placed inside the ultrasonic bath under long and short period of radiation of ultrasound. A microscope was used above the model for microscopic studies on the interface of oil and water. Diffusion of phases and formation of emulsion were observed in both long and short period of application of ultrasound at the beginning of ultrasound radiation. However, by passing time, demulsification and coalescence of brine droplets inside emulsion was initiated in long period of ultrasound application. Therefore, it was concluded that emulsification could be one of the significant oil recovery mechanisms happening in porous media under short period of application of ultrasound.     

In-depth analysis of ultrasonic-induced geological pore re-structures

Understanding and manipulating geological pore structures is of paramount importance for geo-energy productions and underground energy storages in porous media. Nevertheless, research emphases for long time have been focused on understanding the pore configurations, while few work conducted to modify and restructure the porous media. This study deploys ultrasonic treatments on typical geological in-situ core samples, with follow-up processes of high-pressure mercury injections and nitrogen adsorptions and interpretations from nuclear magnetic resonance and x-ray diffraction. The core permeability and porosity are found to increase by 8.3 mD, from 4.1 to 12.4 mD, and by 0.95%, from 14.03% to 14.98%, respectively. Meanwhile, the number and size of the micro- and mesopore are increased with progressing of ultrasonic treatment, while those of the macropore decrease, which finally increase the permeability and porosity. The increase of micro- and mesopore number, from x-ray diffraction results, is attributed to the migration and precipitation of clay minerals caused through ultrasonic wave. The relocation of clay minerals also helps to improve the pore-throat connectivity and modify the micro-scale heterogeneity. Basically, this study reveals the characterizations of geological pore reconfigurations post-ultrasonic treatments and interprets the associated mechanisms, which provides guidance to manipulate the geological pores and be of benefit for further porous media use in science and engineering.     

Experimental investigation on the effect of ultrasonic waves on reducing asphaltene deposition and improving oil recovery under temperature control

A well-known complication in the oil reservoir during oil production is asphaltene deposition in and around the production wellbore. Deposition of asphaltene around the production wellbore may cause a significant pressure drop and in turn loss of efficiency in the production process. Various mechanical and chemical methods have been employed in order to reduce asphaltene formation or to eliminate the precipitate. A novel technique which presented a great potential for prevention or elimination of asphaltene is spreading out the high energy ultrasound wave within the oil reservoir. In this study, in a glass micro-model, asphaltene precipitation was first simulated in a transparent porous medium and its removal by application of high energy ultrasound wave was then investigated. To simulate asphaltene precipitation, the micro-model was first saturated with oil and then a normal-pentane was injected. This was followed by flooding the porous media with brine while propagating ultrasound waves (30 kHz and 100 W) to eliminate asphaltene precipitation. The experiment setup was equipped with a temperature controller. The results indicate a significant reduction in asphaltene precipitation in the oil reservoir may be achieved by application of ultrasound energy. Asphaltene particle deposition has been solved reversibly in the oil layer of porous medium and with the oil layering mechanism, the rate of oil production has been increased. In some spots, water/oil emulsion has been formed because of the ultrasonic vibration on the wall. Both the crude and synthetic oils were examined.