Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Manganese Carbonyl Incorporated Polyoxomolybdate (n-Bu_4N)_2[Mo_6O_(16)(OCH_3)_2{HOCH_2C(CH_2O)_3}_2{Mn(CO)_3}_2]

The polyoxoanion incorporated {Mn(CO)3+} complex, (n-Bu4N)2[Mo6O16(OCH3)2{HOCH2C(CH2O)3}2· {Mn(CO)3}2](1), has been synthesized by the reaction of (n-Bu4N)4[Mo8O26] with Mn(CO)5Br in methanol, in the presence of C(CH2OH)4. The complex 1 has been characterized by IR, UV-Vis, X-ray single crystal diffraction, and TG. Crystal data for the complex 1: C25H48MnMo3NO16 (1), Triclinic P1, a=0.9405(3) nm, b=1.3351(4) nm, c=1.5455(4) nm, α=103.206(5)o, β=102.165(5)o, γ=100.784(5)o, V=1.7896(9) nm3, Z=2, R1=0.0703, wR...     

Macro-, Micro-, Nano- and Crystal Structures of a Homodinuclear Complex [NH3（ CH2）3NH3]2{Na2[（C6H4O2）2]（C6H4O2H）2}

A homodinuclear complex （NH3CH2CH2CH2NH3）2 {Na2[（C6H4O2）2] （C6H4O2H）2} （1） has been synthesized by a solution-based self-assembly route. It crystallized in monoclinic system with space group P21/c. Every sodium ion coordinates in a tetragonal prism fashion with two O atoms of a terminal chelating catecholate ligand and three O atoms from two bridging catecholate ligands. Two neighboring NaO5 tetragonal prisms are edge-shared and centrosymmetric with regard to the inversion center to form a binuclear cluster {Na2[（C6H4O2）2]（C6H4OOH）2}^4- anion. The complex anions were aligned parallelly by n-n interaction and linked with the protonated 1,3-propylenediamine through hydrogen bonds which were assembled into a multi-lamellar structure with channels. The crystal exhibits rectangular geometry with an interior triangle hollow structure under optical microscopy. And the scanning electron microscopy （SEM） indicates that the wall of the tubes shows multi-lamella morphologies. Further, the transmission electron microscopy （TEM） reveals that the crystal is composed of multi-lamellar nano-tubes with diameters less than 100 nm. The molecular structure of the complex was compared with that of its isomer complex 2.     

{Na2[μ2-(C6H4O2)2](C6H4OOH)2}4-的结构及其在固态合溶液中的NMR比较

The new compound （NH3CH2CH2NH3）2{Na2[μ2-（C6H4O2）2]（C6H4OOH）2} has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV, NMR and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The yellow crystals crystallized in the triclinic system with space group P-1 and a=0.6091（2） nm, b= 1.0274（3） nm, c= 1.2466（4） nm, α=89.073（6）°, β=89.376（6）°, γ=78.873（5）°, V=0.7653（4） nm^3, Z= 1, R1=0.0568, wR2=0.1198. Every sodium ion coordinates in trigonal prismatic fashion with two O atoms from a terminal chelating catecholato ligand and four O atoms from bridging P2 catecholato ligands, Two neighboring NaO6 trigonal prisms are face-shared and centrosymmetric with regard to the inversion center consisting of four tri-bridging O atoms to form a binuclear cluster {Na2[μ2-（C6H4O2）2]}^2- anion. The comparison of ^13C NMR spectrum of tlie complex in solid state with that in solution indicated that the rapid exchange between the bridging [μ2-（C6H4O2]^2- and terminal [C6H4OOH]^- ligands was present in solution.     

Imidazole Coordinated Sandwich-type Antimony Polyoxotungstates Na9[ {Na（H=O2}3{M（C3H4N2）}3（ Sb W9O33）2]·xH=O（M=Ni^Ⅱ, Co^Ⅱ, Zn^Ⅱ, Mn^Ⅱ）

The imidazole covalently coordinated sandwich-type heteropolymngstates Na9[ {Na（H=O2}3{M（C3H4N2）}3（ Sb W9O33）2]·xH=O（M=Ni^Ⅱ, Co^Ⅱ, Zn^Ⅱ, Mn^Ⅱ） were obtained by the reaction of Na2WO4·2H2O, SbCl3·6H2O, NiCl2·6H2O [MnSO4·H2O, Co（NO3）2·6H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O] and imidazole at pH≈7.5. The structure of Na9[{Na（H2O）2}3{Ni（C3H4N2）}3（SbW9O33）2]·32H2O was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Polyanion [{Na（H2O）2}3{Ni（C3H4N2）}3（SbW9O33）2}3]^9- has approximate C3v symmetry, imidazole coordinated six-nuclear duster [{Na（H2O）2}3{Ni（C3H4N2）}3]^9＋ is encapsulated between two （α-SbW9O33）^9-, the three rings of imidazole in the polyanion are perpendicular to the horizontal plane formed by six metals （Na-Ni-Na-Ni-Na-Ni） in the central belt, and x-stacking interactions exist between imidazoles of neighboring polyanions with dihedral angel of 60%. The compounds were also characterized by IR, UV-Vis spectra, TG and DSC, and the thermal decomposition mechanism of the four compounds was suggested by TG curves.     

Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of [Ni（S2P{O}OC6H4CH3-p）（dppv）]

O-（p-tolyl）dithiophosphato nickel complex [Ni（S2P{O}OC6HaCH3-p）（dppv）] has been synthesized by the treatment of （dppv）NiCl2 （dppv = Ph2PCH=CHPPh2） with （p-CH3C6HaO）2P{S}SH＇Et2NH in THF. The new complex was fully characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, 31p NMR spectroscopies and thermo-gravimetric analysis. The molecular structure of the complex was established by X-ray crystallography. The crystal crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 9.2739（5）, b = 17.8803（8）, c = 20.1879（12） A, fl = 93.269（5）, V = 3342.1（3） A3, Z = 4, C33H29NiO2P3S2, Mr = 673.30, Dc = 1.338 g/cm3, F（000） = 1392 and #（MoKa） = 0.877 rnm-l. The final R = 0.0578 and wR = 0.1045 for 4138 observed reflections with 1 〉 20（/） and R = 0.1050 and wR = 0.1204 for all data. The Ni centre atom adopts a NiP2S2 square-planar geometry with two phosphorus atoms from the dppv ligand and two sulfur atoms from the O-（p-tolyl）dithiophosphate ligand. The most interesting structural feature of the title complex resides in its 1D helical chain structure constructing via intermolecular C-H＇＂O secondary interactions along the b-axis. The adjacent helical chains running in opposite directions are connected into a 1D double-stranded helical chain and further linked into a 2D supramolecular network by weak C-H.--C interaction.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Complex {[ Co^ⅢL2]·[Co^Ⅱ（H2O）6]0.6·2.25H2O }4 （H2L = N-（2-Hydroxyphenyl）salicylidenimine）

The reaction of Co（OAc）2·4H2O with the Schiff base H2L in a methanol solution affords the red crystals of { [Co^ⅢL2]·[Co^Ⅱ（H2O）6]0.5·2.25H2O}4 1 （H2L = N-（2-hydroxyphenyl） salicylidenimine）. The molecular and crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group P21/n, C104Hi14Co6NaO37, Mr = 2421.61, a = 10.625（3）, b = 16.335（4）, c = 15.265（4）A^°, β = 102.990（4）°, V= 2581.6（11）A^°^3, Z = 1, Dc= 1.558 g/cm^3,μ = 1.034 mm^-1, F（000） = 1252, R = 0.0414 and wR = 0.1167 for 5889 reflections. The Co（HI） atom is six-coordinated by two nitrogen atoms and four oxygen atoms of two tridentate L ligands. The abundant hydrogen bonding interactions extend the complex into a one-dimensional supra- molecular framework. The uncoordinated water molecules act as space-fillers and consolidate the whole architecture through the hydrogen bonding interactions.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a 1-D Chain Coordination Complex {[Mn2（HCAM）3（H2bipy）]·5H2O}n

The 1-D chain coordination complex of {[Mn2（HCAM）3（H2bipy）]·5H2O}n （H3CAM = 4-hydroxypyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, bipy = 4,4＇-bipyridine） has been synthesized by the reaction of 4-hydroxypyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4＇-bipyridine and manganese carbonate under hydrothermal conditions, and its crystal structure was determined by X-ray diffraction method The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 10.110（2）, b = 20.159（4）, c = 17.861（4）A,β = 99.67（3）°, V = 3.5884（12） nm3, Mr= 901.47, Z = 4, Dc= 1.669 g.cm^-3, μ= 0.798 mm^-1, F（000） = 1840, the final R = 0.0713 and ωR = 0.1853. The complex forms a 1-D chain bridged by HCAM, protonated 4,4-bipyridines link the 1-D chains to construct 2-D networks via N-H...O hydrogen bonds, and networks are further extended via π-π stacking and hydrogen bonds into 3-D supramolecular framework.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Quantum Chemical Study of the Ladder Organotin Compound {[（C6H5CH2）2Sn]2（O）（Cl2）}2

The title compound {[（C6H5CH2）2Sn]2（O）（Cl2）}2 has been synthesized by the reaction of bisbenzyltin dichloride with NaOH dilute solution, and its structure was determined by X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group C2/c, with a = 2.5081（17）, b = 1.0089（7）, c = 2.0909（14） nm, β = 94.267（8）°, V= 5.276（6） nm^3, Z = 4, De= 1.734 g/cm^3,μ（MoKa） = 21.55 cm^-1, F（000） = 2704, R = 0.0398 and Rw = 0.1024. According to structural analysis, the tin atom adopts a distorted five-coordinate trigonal bipyramidal geometry, and the ladder-like structure is shaped by one planar four-membered Sn2O2 ring together with two planar four-membered Sn2OCl rings.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Two iso-closo 11-Vertex p-Bromobenzoate Ruthenoborane Clusters： [（PPh3）（p-BrC6H4CO2）2RUB10H8 and [（PPh3）2Ru（p-BrC6H4CO2）-（PPh3）RuB10H9]

The title clusters [（PPh3）（p-BrC6H4CO2）2RuB10H8] （1） and [（PPh3）2Ru（PPh3）（p-BrC6H4CO2）RuB10H9] （2） have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, ^1H, ^13C NMR spectra and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The clusters crystallize in monoclinic system, space group C2/c, with a =2.569（4） nm, b= 1.546（2） nm, c= 1.927（3） nm ,8=95.11（2）°, Z=8, V=7.622（21） nm^3, Dc=1.533 Mg/m^3, F（000）=3472, S= 1.009, R= 0.0418, wR=0.0775 and triclinic system, space group P-l, with a=1.3142（3） nm, b= 1.3761（3） nm, c=1.8503（4） nm, a =90.445（4）°,β=105.950（4）°, γ108.980（4）°, Z=2, V=3.0251（12） nm^3, Dc = 1.434 Mg/m^3, F（000）= 1316, S=1.007, R=0.0464, wR=0.1175, respectively for 1 and 2. In the structures, both of the dusters are based on a closo-type C2v 1： 2 ： 4 ： 2 ： 2 RUB10 stack with the metal occupying the unique six-connected apical position. In cluster 1, the metal center has three exo-polyhedral ligands： one triphenylphosphine and two dative oxygen atoms of p-bromobenzoates. The other oxygen atoms of two p-bromobenzoate are additionally bonded to B（2） and B（3） atoms respectively, resulting in two exo-cyclic five-membered Ru-O-C-O-B rings and engendering a symmetrical conformation. The cluster 2 is a bimetallic species in which the second ruthenium is bound to the {RUB10} center via one Ru-Ru bond and two {RuHμB} bridges resulting in one closo distorted exo-polyhedral Ru（1）-Ru（2）-B（3）-B（6） tetrahedron.     

The Reaction of Molybdenum with 2,3-Dihydroxynaphthalene

[H2N（CH2）3NH312[MoO2（C10H6O2）2] （1） was synthesized by the 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene in the mixed solvent of CH3OH, CH3CN reaction of （n-Bu4N）4[Mo8O26] with and 1,3-propanediarnine. （C5HllN2）2- [HeN（CH2）3NH2][MoO2（CloH6O2）2] （2） was obtained by the reaction of Na2MoO4.2H20 with 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene in the same solvent above. Both of the complexes possess complex anion [Mo（VI）O2（OC10H6O）2]^2- which shows pseudo-octahedrally coordinated fashion, while the counterions are two protonated 1,3-propanediamine in complex 1 and （CsH11N2）^＋ in complex 2. （C5H11N2）＋ is the byproduct of reaction 2, which results from combination of acetonitrile with 1,3-propanediamine. Packing diagrams of the two complexes are also different. There is anti-parallel-aligned-double-meso-bilayer unit in complex 1. However there are four chiral anions arranged in anticlockwise orientation in complex 2.     

11B 3Q MAS NMR Study on Glucose-Responsive Micelles Self-assembled from PEG-b-P(AA-co-AAPBA)

Phenylboronic acid (PBA) based glucose-responsive materials have attracted great interests in recent years for developing insulin delivery systems.It is desired to obtain PBA based materials that can response to glucose under physiological pH and understand the mechanism.By using 11B triple-quantum magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (11B 3Q MAS NMR) measurements,the glucose-responsive mechanism of micelles self-assembled from poly(ethylene glycol)-b-ploy(acrylic acid-co-acrylamidophenylboronic acid) PEG-b-P(AA-co-AAPBA) is deeply investigated.Different configurations of phenylboronic acid during various steps of glucose-responsive behaviors are clearly analyzed in the 11B 3Q MAS NMR spectra and coordination between carboxyl and PBA is confirmed.By increasing the AA units in PEG-b-P(AA-co-AAPBA),the carboxyl can coordinate with PBA moieties and cause the glucose-responsiveness of micelles even in the weak acid environment.     

A ternary phased SnO2-Fe2O3/SWCNTs nanocomposite as a high performance anode material for lithium ion batteries

A new SnO_2-Fe_2O_3/SWCNTs(single-walled carbon nanotubes) ternary nanocomposite was first synthesized by a facile hydrothermal approach.SnO_2 and Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles(NPs) were homogeneously located on the surface of SWCNTs,as confirmed by X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscope(TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX).Due to the synergistic effect of different components,the as synthesized SnO_2-Fe_2O_3/SWCNTs composite as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with a high capacity of 692 mAh·g~(-1) which could be maintained after 50 cycles at 200 mA·g~(-1).Even at a high rate of2000 mA·g~(-1),the capacity was still remained at 656 mAh·g~(-1).     

TiO2 nanocrystals/graphene hybrids with enhanced Li-ion storage performance

TiO_2 nanocrystals/graphene hybrids(TiO_2-G) with ultrafine TiO_2 nanocrystals(~7 nm in size) conformally coated on ultrathin graphene nanosheets(~ 2 layers thick) were successfully prepared via a facile one-pot solvothermal route under mediated conditions.With the feature of large surface area,abundant mesopores and high thermal stability,the TiOi-G nanohybrids exhibited large reversible Li-ion storage capacity with excellent cycling stability(629 mAh·g~(-1) after 400 cycles at a current of 60 mA·g~(-1)) and good rate capability(184 mAh·g~(-1) at a current density of 3 A·g~(-1)) due to the synergetic effects and strong interactions between the components,showing great promise in applications for advanced energy storage devices.     

Co-modified Pd/CeO2-Zr02 catalysts for methanol decomposition

Pd/Ce0.8Zro.202 catalysts modified by cobalt were prepared by a sequential impregnation method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, N2 adsorption/desorption （Brunauer-Emmet-Teller）, oxygen storage capacity （OSC）, CO-chemisorption, H2-temperature-programmed reduction （H2-TPR） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. The effect of Co on the performance of methanol decomposition was eval- uated at a fixed-bed microreactor. The results showed that the addition of Co can improve the oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst and the dispersion of Pd. XPS results indicated that Pd was in a partly oxidized （Pd6＋, 1〈8〈2） state and Co2＋ was present in Pd catalysts modified by Co. A 90% conversion of methanol was achieved at around 280 ℃ over Pd-Co/Ceo.8Zro.202 catalyst which was 20 ℃ lower than that over Pd/Ceo.sZro.202, indicating that both pd6＋and Co2＋ play an important role in improving the catalytic activity of methanol decomposition.     

A Novel Sr2CuInO3S p-type semiconductor photocatalyst for hydrogen production under visible light irradiation

A novel Sr2CuInO3 S oxysulfide p-type semiconductor photocatalyst has been prepared by solid state reaction method and it exhibits intriguing visible light absorption properties with a bandgap of 2.3 eV. The p-type semiconductor character of the synthesized Sr2CuInO3 S was confirmed by Hall efficient measurement and Mott-Schottky plot analysis. First-principles density functional theory calculations(DFT) and electrochemical measurements were performed to elucidate the electronic structure and the energy band locations. It was found that the as-synthesized Sr2CuInO3 S photocatalyst has appreciate conduction and valence band positions for hydrogen and oxygen evolution, respectively. Photocatalytic hydrogen production experiments under a visible light irradiation(λ420 nm) were carried out by loading different metal and metal-like cocatalysts on Sr2CuInO3 S and Rh was found to be the best one among the tested ones.     

Influence of Reverse Pressure on the Shear Viscosity of Hydrophilic Poly（ethylene terephthalate） Melt

The effect of reverse pressure.on rheological behavior has been studied. The apparatus is a capillary rheometer with counter pressure chamber being held at a high reverse pressure by means of a cock. The results show that with the increase in temperature, the shear viscosity of hydrophilic PET is reduced. It is different that the effect of temperature on shear viscosity is varied under the condition of all shear rates or all pressures, and the effect is more prominent at 50 MPa or at 216 s-1. At the same time, the pressure coefficients decrease with increasing the shear rate and the temperature and tend to reach a constant value nearly at the temperature of 290 °C.     

Poly(ethylene oxide)-graft-methotrexate Macromolecular Drugs Conjugating via Aminopteridine Ring Exhibit Potent Anticancer Activity

Water soluble poly(ethylene oxide)-graft-methotrexate (PEO-g-MTX) conjugates with a robust amide linkage via the amine or carboxylic acid groups of MTX were designed,prepared and investigated for in vitro anti-tumor effects.MTX was conjugated to multi-functional PEO containing multiple pendant carboxylic acid (PEO-g-COOH)or amine groups (PEO-g-NH2) via the carbodiimide chemistry,which afforded PEO-g-MTX conjugates with an amide bond to the aminopteridine ring or carboxylic acid groups of MTX (denoted as PEO-g-MTX(COOH) and PEO-g-MTX(NH2),respectively).Dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed that all PEO-g-MTX conjugates,with MTX contents varying from 4.8 to 19.6 wt％,existed as unimers in phosphate buffer (PB,pH 7.4,20 mmol·L-1).Interestingly,MTT assays showed that PEO-g-MTX(COOH) exhibited potent anti-tumor activity in HeLa,A549,KB and NIH3T3 cells with cytotoxicity profiles comparable to that of free MTX.In contrast,PEO-g-MTX(NH2)revealed diminishing cytostatic effect with IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) ten to hundred times higher than that of PEO-g-MTX(COOH).Moreover,PEO-g-MTX(COOH) conjugates allowed facile conjugation with targeting ligands.Notably,folate-decorated PEO-g-MTX(COOH) macromolecular drugs showed apparent targetability to folate receptor-overexpressing KB cells with an IC50 over 12-fold lower than non-targeting PEO-g-MTX-(COOH) control and about 2-fold lower than free MTX under otherwise the same conditions.     

Differences between Zn/HZSM-5 and Zn/HZSM-11 zeolite catalysts in alkylation of benzene with dimethyl ether

HZSM-11 zeolite supported Zn catalysts with different Zn contents （xZn/HZSM-11A） were prepared. In the alkylation of benzene with dimethyl ether （DME） in a fixed bed reactor, the catalyst with Zn content of 6 wt% （6Zn/HZSM-11A） showed appropriate performance. Focus was put on the comparison between 6Zn/HZSM-5 and 6Zn/HZSM-11 with the same crystal size of 600-800 nm, and also with the similar BET surface area, micropore volume, Si/Al2 molar ratio, and acidity. In the alkylation of benzene with DME, the 6Zn/HZSM-11 showed better activity and stability, and especially enhanced the conversion of benzene and selectivities to xylene and trimethylbenzene, compared with the 6Zn/HZSM-5. This was mainly related to the higher adsorption capacity and adsorption-desorption rates to the three adsorbates （benzene, m-xylene and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene） over the 6Zn/HZSM-11 in comparison with the 6Zn/HZSM-5.     

Coking-resistant Ni-ZrO2/A1203 catalyst for CO methanation

Highly coke-resisting ZrO2-decorated Ni/A1203 catalysts for CO methanation were prepared by a two-step process. The support was first loaded with NiO by impregnating method and then modified with ZrO2 by deposition-precipitation method （IM-DP）. Nitrogen adsorption- desorption, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetdc analysis, H2 temperature- programmed reduction and desorption, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption, and zeta potential analysis were employed to characterize the samples. The results revealed that, compared with the catalysts with the same composition prepared by co-impregnation （CI） and sequential impregnation （SI） methods, the Ni/A1203 catalyst prepared by IM-DP showed much enhanced catalytic performance for syngas methanation under the condition of atmospheric pressure and a high weight hourly space velocity of 120000 mL.g-1 .h-1. In a 80 h life time test under the condition of 300-600 ~C and 3.0 MPa, this catalyst showed high stability and resistance to coking, and the amount of deposited carbon was only 0.4 wt%. On the contrary, the deposited carbon over the catalyst without ZrO2 reached 1.5 wt% after a 60 h life time test. The improved catalytic performance was attributed to the selective deposition of ZrO2 nanoparticles on the surface of NiO rather than A1203, which could he well controlled via changing the electrostatic interaction in the DP procedure. This unique structure could enhance the dissociation of CO2 and generate surface oxygen intermediates, thus preventing carbon deposition on the Ni particles in syngas methanation.     

Properties of Phosphoric Acid Doped Poly（benzimidazole/sulfone/siloxane/amide）/Sulfonated Polystyrene/Silica Nanoparticle-based Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

New siloxane and sulfone containing poly(benzimidazole/sulfone/siloxane/amide)(PBSSA) has been prepared for the formation of hybrid membranes(PBSSA/PS-S/SiNPs) with sulfonated polystyrene(PS-S) and 0.1 wt%-2 wt% silica nanoparticles(SiNPs). Field emission scanning electron micrographs showed good dispersion of filler, formation of dense nanoporous honeycomb like structure and uniform ionic pathway in these hybrids. The porous membrane structure was responsible for the fine water retention capability and higher proton conductivity of the new hybrids. Increasing the amount of nanoparticles from 0.1 wt% to 2 wt% increased the tensile stress of acid doped PBSSA/PS-S/SiNPs nanocomposites from 65.7 MPa to 68.5 MPa. A relationship between nanofiller loading and thermal stability of the membranes was also experientially studied, as the glass transition temperature of phosphoric acid doped PBSSA/PS-S/SiNPs nanocomposites increased from 207 °C to 215 °C. The membranes also had higher ion exchange capacity(IEC) around 2.01 mmol/g to 3.01 mmol/g. The novel membranes with high IEC value achieved high proton conductivity of 1.10-2.34 S/cm in a wide range of humidity values at 80 °C which was higher than that of perfluorinated Nafion 117 membrane(1.1 × 10-1 S/cm) at 80 °C(94% RH). A H2/O2 fuel cell using the PBSSA/PS-S/SiNP 2(IEC 3.01 mmol/g) showed better performance than that of Nafion 117 at 40 °C and 30% RH.