聚邻苯二胺修饰玻碳电极的制备及电催化性能

在磷酸盐缓冲溶液中研究了邻苯二胺在玻碳电极表面的聚合过程,探讨了各氧化还原峰的变化机理,用扫描电镜表征了聚邻苯二胺膜的形态结构。发现制备的聚邻苯二胺膜修饰电极对H2O2有显著的电催化还原特性,线性回归方程为:Δipa(μA)=-1.63 1.07cH2O2(mmol.L-1)(R=0.9947,n=19),线性范围为:5.89×10-2mmol.L-1~44.4 mmol.L-1,检出限为:0.02 mmol.L-1(3S/k),这对与产生H2O2的氧化酶相结合制备出响应各种底物的电化学生物传感器非常重要。考察了制备条件对膜电极电催化还原活性的影响,发现只有在弱酸条件下制备的膜电极才有较高的电催化活性。探讨了影响膜电极电催化还原灵敏度的因素,并考察了膜电极的稳定性。     

基于Schiff-base结构化合物载体的汞离子选择性电极的制备与表征

高产率合成了一种新的Schiff-base结构化合物,并将其表征为高选择性聚合物膜汞离子选择性电极载体.考察了不同增塑剂及离子交换剂对膜电极响应性能的影响,在最佳膜组分条件下测得该电极对汞离子的线性响应范围为1.0×10-6 ～3.0×10-4 mol/L,响应斜率为(29.3±0.3) mV/dec,检出限为2.6×...     

Au-Pd合金纳米管修饰的尼古丁分子印迹膜传感器的研究

基于Au-Pd合金修饰的玻碳电极为工作电极,采用循环伏安法将邻氨基酚与尼古丁电沉积在工作电极上,制备了尼古丁分子印迹膜传感器。采用差分脉冲伏安法研究尼古丁在尼古丁分子印迹膜传感器上的电化学行为,考察了模板溶解时间、富集时间和溶液pH值对尼古丁测定的影响。在优化实验条件下,尼古丁分子印迹膜传感器的线性范围为1.2×10~(-7)~2.5×10~(-3) mol/L,检出限为4.6×10~(-8) mol/L。用该传感器对吸烟者血液中尼古丁的含量进行检测,结果表明,该传感器具有灵敏度高、线性范围宽、重现性及稳定性好等优点。     

以含噻二唑的对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃衍生物为载体的PVC膜铅离子选择电极的研究

制备了以25,27-二(2-噻二唑基硫代乙氧基)-26,28-二羟基-5,11,17,23-四叔丁基杯[4]芳烃为载体的聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜铅离子选择电极;研究了电极膜中增塑剂种类及载体和离子定域体(KTpClPB)含量对电极性能的影响。实验结果表明:具有最佳组成的膜电极对Pb2 有良好的灵敏度,在0.01～100mmol/L的浓度范围内响应斜率为29.1mV/decade,检测下限为6.4μmol/L,碱金属、碱土金属及大多数过渡金属离子不干扰Pb的测定。该电极可在低于20%的甲醇、乙醇和丙酮水溶液中使用,可作为准确滴定Pb2 的电位滴定指示电极,并能用于实际样品中Pb含量的直接测定。     

基于Schiff-base结构化合物载体的汞离子选择性电极的制备与表征

高产率合成了一种新的Schiff-base结构化合物,并将其表征为高选择性聚合物膜汞离子选择性电极载体。考察了不同增塑剂及离子交换剂对膜电极响应性能的影响,在最佳膜组分条件下测得该电极对汞离子的线性响应范围为1.0×10-6~3.0×10-4mol/L,响应斜率为(29.3±0.3)mV/dec,检出限为2.6×10-7mol/L;该电极响应速率快(小于12 s),可在较宽的pH范围内(pH2.8~5.6)使用,且其它常见碱金属、碱土金属以及过渡金属离子对该测试电极的干扰小;可准确检测自来水中汞离子的浓度。     

秋兰姆衍生物作中性载体的铜离子敏感电极

合成了二硫化二（Ｎ，Ｎ－１，４－亚丁基）秋兰姆，以此为载体，制备了ＰＶＣ膜铜离子敏感电极。结果表明，电极对铜离子具有好的选择性和灵敏度。线性范围为８．０×１０＾－＾７－１．０×１０＾－＾２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。实验发现有选定的底液条件下此电极对蛋白质蛮具有较好的响应，线性范围为１２．５－２００ｍｇ／Ｌ。讨论了电极有关性能。     

以1,1′-联萘并-20-冠-6为载体的钾离子选择电极

报道了1．1′-联萘并-20-冠-6为钾离子载体的聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜电极的研制;研究了电极膜中增塑剂种类及载体和离子定域体(KTpClPB)含量对电极性能的影响;得到了电极膜中各组分的最佳质量比为w(载体):w(PVC):w(DOS):w(KTpClPB)=1.6:32.5:65.0:0.9;该选择电极对钾离子有良好的能斯特响应性能和高选择性,线性响应范围为10^-4～10^-1mol／L,斜率为58.1mV／p^CK ;电极具有优良的重现性和较宽的pH使用范围;将该电极用于药品中钾离子含量的测定,其结果与原子吸收法一致。     

自组装分子印迹单层膜修饰电极对L-丝氨酸的检测

以电沉积多孔金膜为基底,L-丝氨酸为模板分子,L-半胱氨酸为功能单体构建了信号放大的自组装分子印迹单层膜修饰电极.电极对L-丝氨酸浓度响应的线性范围为5.0×10-6～2.0×10-4 mol/L,检出限为4.8×10-7 mol/L,灵敏度为215 mA·L·mol-1.由于多孔金膜有效增加了模板分子的固定量,印迹电极响应性能较无多孔金膜修饰的印迹电极有明显提高.     

以芴的衍生物为载体的PVC膜铜(Ⅱ)离子选择性电极的研究

报道了4,5-二氮杂-9-对甲氧基亚氨基芴为铜(Ⅱ)离子载体的聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜电极的研制;研究了电极膜中增塑剂种类及载体和离子定域体(KTpClPB)含量对电极性能的影响,得到了电极膜中各组分的最佳质量比为m(载体):m(PVC):m(o-NPOE):m(KTpClPB)=2.0:32.3:65.6:0.1;该选择电极对铜(Ⅱ)离子有良好的能斯特响应性能和较高的选择性,线性响应范围为10-6～10-2 mol/L,斜率为29.9 mV/decade;电极具有优良的重复性和稳定性,可用于电位滴定Cu^2 的指示电极和水体中铜离子的测定.     

汞膜电极示波极谱法测定冶金废水中铅和锰

汞膜电极是一种灵敏度较高的固体电极,已广泛地被应用于痕量物质的测定,已见铝合金中铋、铜、铅的同时测定及铜合金中低含量铅的测定,但未见汞膜电极示波极谱法同时测定铅和锰。本文利用自制的汞膜电极在乙酸铵-铜铁试剂体系中实现了Pb~(2+)、Mn~(2+)的测定,常见阴、阳离子不干扰。此方法测定pb~(2+)和Mn~(2+)的线性范围宽,灵敏度高,适于现场操作。Pb~(2+)和Mn~(2+)的检测下限分别达0.005μg·ml~(-1),0.1μg·ml~(-1),分析快速,易于推广,汞膜电极性能稳定。本法应用于冶金废水中铅、锰的测定,获得了满意结果。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.