Short-Term Therapeutic Trial of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Suspected Extraesophageal Reflux

Pharyngoesophageal gastric acid reflux is thought to initiate chronic posterior laryngitis. The gold standard for measuring gastric reflux is dual-channel 24-hour pH monitoring. This is a time-consuming, inconvenient, expensive method that is not available in all areas. New therapeutic regimes that make use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have proven to be therapeutically efficient for control of acid reflux. Twenty-four consecutive patients with chronic voice disorders and signs of posterior laryngitis were selected for therapy. Twenty-four hour pH monitoring was performed independently before the therapy. The trial therapy consisted of all patients receiving pantoprazole, 40 mg once daily for 6 weeks. Immediately following the therapy a statistically significant (p < 0.05) improvement was observed in all patients. This improvement was analyzed retrospectively by comparison with the results of 24-hour pH monitoring. In 71% of the patients the 24-hour pH-monitoring gave a positive result showing a high number of patients with extraesophageal reflux in our study group. Patients with positive results of pH-monitoring responded in a statistically significant manner (p < 0.05) to the pantoprazole therapy, whereas those patients without detected reflux did not. A 3-month follow-up of the patients with a positive result of the pH-monitoring confirmed the improvement. No patients reported adverse effects. A 6-week treatment with pantoprazole can be clinically justified. It helps to save time and reduce costs, allows for selection of reflux-negative patients for alternative therapy, and may prevent inadequate treatment of patients with false-negative pH monitoring. Twenty-four hour pH monitoring is still recommended for patients unresponsive to this trial therapy.     

地源热泵的应用对环境的影响分析

地源热泵被认为是一种高效、节能、环保、有利于可持续发展的技术,它被认为是21世纪最有效的空调技术。然而地源热泵的大量使用也带来了一系列的环境问题。分别针对地表水源热泵、地下水源热泵以及土壤源热泵的使用对环境的影响进行了深入分析,并对可能的解决方案进行了讨论。     

小流量旋涡泵的理论设计与试验研究

建立了以效率和工作范围为主线的小流量旋涡泵的理论设计方法，并对ＸＷＢ－３／１３０和ＸＷＢ－１／１１０两台旋涡泵进行了试验研究．理论分析和试验结果表明：较大的流道面积Ｆ可以拓宽泵的工作范围，较大的径向间隙△ｐ和轴向单边间隙δα会降低泵的扬程和效率。     

泵站水泵进水池内防涡装置有效性的数值验证

本文提出了一种消除泵站水泵吸水管内旋涡和流动分离的圆锥形防涡装置。为了验证该装置的有效性,建立了泵站水泵进水池和吸水管内三维湍流流场的数学模型,用分区网格构造了泵站水泵进水池和吸水管的贴体计算网格,采用有限体积方法,计算了无圆锥形防涡装置和有圆锥形防涡装置时,水泵进水池和吸水管内三维湍流流场,结果证明该圆锥形防涡装置能有效消除水泵吸水管内旋涡和流动分离。     

Cell-based screening strategy in the search for bioactive microbial secondary metabolites Utilization of microbial and animal cells with special functions

Here we present results obtained in our group from cell-based screenings of microbial secondary metabolites using intact microbial and mammalian cells having specific functions. We present summaries of the following five categories of compounds and the strategies that were used to identify them. (1) Antibacterial agents targeting cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis as well as active agents against organisms other than bacteria were identified by a combination of Bacillus subtilis and Mycoplasma as test organisms. (2) Antimetabolites, such as herbicidal agents targeting glutamine synthase, were identified using B. subtilis grown on minimal medium with or without the addition of glutamine and folate inhibitors by combination of B. subtilis and Enterococcus faecium, which have distinct folate metabolic pathways. (3) Among inhibitors of lipid metabolism, acyl-CoA synthetase inhibitors were identified using two mutants of C. lipolytica with different deletion sites in the fatty acid metabolic pathways, HMG-CoA synthase inhibitors were identified using Vero cells cultured in the presence and absence of mevalonate, and anti-atherosclerosis agents were identified using macrophages. (4) IL-6 inhibitors were detected by a combination of IL- 6-dependent and independent murine hybridoma MH60 cells, and (5) Small molecules with TNF-like activities were identified using a mouse neuroblastoma cell line. Some advantages of such screening method and the significance of the identified compounds are discussed.     

308nmXeCl准分子激光双侧面对称泵浦之形腔染料激光器研究

描述了用３０８ｎｍＸｅＣｌ准分子激光双侧面对称泵浦之形腔染料激光器，重点探讨了这种激光器的输出光束质量改善问题，实验发现这种双侧面对称泵浦较传统的横向泵浦，光束质量有较好的改善，对于２×１０－３ｍｏｌ／ｌ浓度的ｃｏｕｍａｒｉｎ４６０染料甲醇溶液，在波长４６０ｎｍ处，实验得到１１．７％的能量转换效率     

不同腔结构下的声光调Q双包层光纤激光器特性研究

报道了半导体激光器端面抽运不同结构的声光调Q的双包层光纤激光器的脉冲输出特性. 对前向、后向不同抽运方式的掺镱调Q双包层光纤激光器在输出平均功率,调Q脉冲宽度及脉冲稳定性进行了对比及讨论;其中后向抽运的光纤激光器,在10kHz重复频率调制下,获得了斜效率为60％的平均功率输出,其脉冲宽度为52ns,单脉冲能量为03mJ. 最后利用不同抽运方式下的速率方程,理论分析调Q脉冲的特性,分析结果与实验相符. 关键词： 双包层光纤激光器 声光开关 前向抽运 后向抽运     

Experimental Study on Flashlamp Pumped Nd3+∶KGd(WO4)2 Laser

The lasing properties of Nd∶KGW crystal in free-running mode with different transmission of the output couplers are reported.The best results have been obtained with the output coupler of 24% transmission.The slope efficiency is 1.0% and the extrapolated energy threshold is 0.54 J.A comparative experiment of Nd∶KGW and Nd∶YAG laser crystals has been cavried out under identical experimental conditions in both free-running and Q-switched modes.The much higher efficiency and the lower threshold for Nd∶KGW (Nd: 2.2 at.-%) compared to Nd∶YAG (Nd: 1.1 at.-%) at 1.064 μm are demonstrated in both operation mode.     

Yb:YAG薄片激光器多通泵浦耦合系统设计与实验

 介绍了基于Yb:YAG薄片的16通泵浦耦合系统的设计方法,建立了泵浦系统的模型,对模型进行了模拟。以16通泵浦耦合系统为基础,通过微通道冷却,利用国产单片直径10 mm、厚度为250 μm、掺杂原子分数为10% 的Yb:YAG薄片进行了实验研究。在泵浦功率为69.5 W时,采用曲率半径为－800 mm的输出镜,获得了27 W的1 030 nm连续激光输出,光光转换效率为38.8%;采用曲率半径为－2 000 mm的输出镜,获得了18.65 W的1 030 nm连续激光输出,光束质量平分因子小于等于1.1,光光转换效率为26.8%。     

Study of distributed erbium doped fiber amplifier

Basing on analyzing distributed erbium-doped fiber amplifier(d-EDFA) of evenly doped density along propagating direction, we put forward two sort d-EDFAs of slowly and linearly variously doped density along propagating direction: one-variation and two-variation d-EDFA. By using convective equations, we study the propagating properties of signal and noise in three sort d-EDFAs. Noise figure, signal-noise ratio, necessary pump and optimal pump period also are studied, under both transparent transmission and optimal doped density.     

两类无油超高真空系统的实验方法

对涡轮分子泵无油超高真空系统及溅射离子泵无油超高真空系统的结构及操作方法作了介绍，并对它们相关的特性进行了讨论。     

轴流式喷水推进器泵级内部流场的数值计算

采用数值计算的方法,研究了轴流喷水推进器泵级模型的内部三维紊流流场和性能。计算针对泵级的进口到喷水推进器的出口进行,包括进水区域、叶轮、导流壳区域的泵级整个流道。采用结构网格对计算区域进行剖分,应用NUMECA软件对控制方程进行求解。选用Spalart-Allmaras一方程紊流模型,使用时间推进法计算流场中的流动参数。并根据流场计算结果对泵级的流量-扬程特性和流量-效率特性进行了预测。计算与实验结果对比表明,二者取得了较好的一致,说明采用的计算方法具有较好的可信性及较高的计算精度。根据流场计算结果,对泵级的性能进行了分析。     

LD pumped Nd: YAG microchip lasers

A new experimental result obtained for the first time about LD pumped Nd: YAG microchip lasers in China is presented. The output power reached 62.5mW, when the input power was 340mW. The optical efficiency was 18%. The experimental setup and the unique characteristics of the laseers are given and discussed.     

喷射技术设备内部流动及其外特性关系的研究

本文在对喷射技术设备内部流场及外特性充分研究的基础上，将宏观与细观研究二种方法有机地结合起来，对进一步揭示喷射技术设备内部流动机理，及其优化设计与高效运行提供了新的研究方法．     

低比转速离心及旋涡冷媒泵性能预测研究

利用损失模型及计算流体力学方法对低比转速R32离心和旋涡泵性能预测进行研究,结果表明:损失模型与计算流体力学方法预测出的性能曲线吻合较好;低比转速离心泵中轮阻损失占总流动损失的80%以上,对泵性能有重要影响;旋涡泵的纵向旋涡强度随流量增大而减弱;离心泵比旋涡泵具有较宽的运行范围,在小流量情况下旋涡泵比离心泵具有较高的效率和扬程。研究工作对丰富低比转速泵流动理论与设计方法具有参考价值。     

土壤源热泵系统的火用成本分析

在对火用分析与经济学原理研究的基础上,利用火用成本分析方法,建立了土壤源热泵系统的(火用) 成本分析模型.以实际的建筑空调系统为背景,运用所建火用成本分析模型与能量成本分析方法,对土壤源热泵系统与风冷热泵系统进行了对比分析计算,并以空气源热泵为基础对土壤源热泵进行了敏感性分析.对土壤源热泵的实际应用具有指导意义.     

关于吸收式碳捕集热力学机制的探索

热再生吸收式碳捕集的传统认识难以揭示其热力学机制,一种新的认识是"热-化学能"转换中存在中间能量形式.本文从热力学碳泵概念出发,对吸收式碳捕集理想系统进行了解耦,其可视为"热机-碳泵"的热力学组合,探索了极限效率的表达,并采用第二定律效率作为评价参数对已有中试试验系统进行了性能水平探索.结果表明,理想循环性能系数仅取决...