荒漠肉苁蓉不同部位高效液相指纹图谱与化学成分分析

采用液相色谱技术建立了荒漠肉苁蓉花序部位和茎部位的液相指纹图谱,并对其化学成分进行对比分析。首先对其指纹图谱进行对比分析与相似度评价,发现不同部位之间相似度较低,其指纹图谱在峰数量和峰高上存在明显差异。其次对荒漠肉苁蓉的7种苯乙醇苷类成分进行测定,发现花序与茎部位成分含量差异显著,花序部位检出5种苯乙醇苷成分,茎部位7种成分均有检出。主成分分析将荒漠肉苁蓉不同部位聚为相对独立的类群,表明不同部位之间差异性较大。荒漠肉苁蓉不同部位指纹图谱的建立与化学成分的分析为其品质评价与资源综合利用提供科学依据。     

肉苁蓉挥发性化学成分分析

报道了用同时蒸馏—萃取法提取肉苁蓉挥发性物质，测得肉苁蓉挥发油的含量为3．5％；利用GC／MS法分离确认出24种化学成分；用峰面积归一化法得出各化学成分在挥发油中的相对百分含量，其中主要成分为丁香酚，占总挥发油的83．60％；又用单离子法分离出丁香酚，并用IR，EI-MS法对其进行分析确认。     

肉苁蓉多糖锌的制备、表征及抗氧化活性

采用超声酶法辅助提取肉苁蓉粗多糖,并用季铵盐沉淀法对肉苁蓉粗多糖进行精制,获得肉苁蓉精制多糖(UCEP1);以UCEP1和硫酸锌为原料,制备了肉苁蓉多糖锌配合物(UCEP1-Zn),对其结构进行了表征,并研究其抗氧化活性.结果表明,肉苁蓉粗多糖收率及含量分别为22.31%和48.50%,UCEP1中多糖含量为70.13%;UCEP1-Zn中-OH和-COO~-和Zn~(2+)发生了配位,其中锌含量为7.57%,且多糖链构象及多糖分子表面形貌发生变化;UCEP1-Zn的抗氧化能力显著高于UCEP1,且对ABTS~+自由基清除活性最好.该研究可为肉苁蓉多糖、新型锌营养素补充剂以及锌功能配合物的研究和利用提供参考.     

分析型超临界流体萃取技术在测定中药肉苁蓉化学成分中的应用

采用分析型超临界流体萃取技术提取中药肉苁蓉的组分,然后以气相色谱/质谱联用仪测定了萃取物的化学成分,并考察了影响萃取效率的主要因素。结果表明,与常规中药研究方法相比,本法可更有效地从复杂的中药基体中提取它们的成分。     

肉苁蓉茎水溶性多糖SPA的结构分析

肉苁蓉为稀有的名贵中药材 ,具有补肾、益精、润肠及抗衰老等功效 [1] .研究表明 ,肉苁蓉多糖具有延缓皮肤衰老、增强机体免疫功能、促进人体外成纤维细胞的生长及促进创伤愈合 [2 ] 等生理活性作用 .对于肉苁蓉多糖的深入研究尚未见报道 ,为探讨多糖的生物活性与结构的关系 ,本文对肉苁蓉茎水溶性多糖 SPA组分进行结构分析 .有关肉苁蓉茎水溶性多糖 SPA组分的分离纯化过程见文献 [3].1　实验部分1 .1　试剂与仪器　 Sephadex G- 75 ( Pharmacia公司 ) ;二甲基亚砜 (江苏洪声化工厂 ) ;Shimadzu高压液相色谱 (日本岛津 ) ;Vavian 340 0…     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定肉苁蓉中的甜菜碱

建立了高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定中药材肉苁蓉中甜菜碱含量的方法。采用Waters Spherisorb S5 NH2 色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm),柱温25 ℃,流动相为0.1%（体积分数）三氟乙酸水溶液-甲醇(体积比为15∶85）,流速0.6 mL/min。蒸发光散射检测器参数：漂移管温度90 ℃,喷雾器温度45 ℃,载气（氮气）压力110 kPa（16 psi）。结果表明,该法具有良好的线性关系,同时,不同种肉苁蓉的测定结果表明：管花肉苁蓉不含甜菜碱,因此建议将甜菜碱作为标志物质来鉴别正品肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma)和管花肉苁蓉(C. tubulosa (schenk) R. Wight)。     

为苁蓉茎水溶性多糖SPA的结构分析

肉苁蓉为稀有的名贵中药材，具有补肾、益精、润肠及抗衰老等功效．研究表明，肉苁蓉多糖具有延缓皮肤衰老、增强机体免疫功能、促进人体外成纤维细胞的生长及促进创伤愈合等生理活性作用.对于肉苁蓉多糖的深入研究尚未见报道，为探讨多糖的生物活性与结构的关系，本文对肉苁蓉茎水溶性多糖SPA组分进行结构分析．有关肉苁蓉茎水溶性多糖SPA组分的分离纯化过程见文献．     

红外光谱法对肉苁蓉径向不同部位的分析与评价

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、二阶导数谱和二维相关红外光谱技术对肉苁蓉由表及里3个部位的药材粉末及其水提物和醇提物进行了分析与评价研究.结果表明,肉苁蓉不同部位的一维光谱非常相似,三者相似系数分别为0.9605,0.944和0.976;二阶导数谱中峰位和峰强的差异明显.1430～1700 cm-1范围内的二维相关谱中皮部自动峰有3个,而中部及髓部均为4个,更直观的反映出三者的差异.不同部位水提物和醇提物的分析结果进一步明确了肉苁蓉皮部芳香类、环烯醚萜类及糖苷类物质与中部和髓部存在明显不同,而髓部的水溶性多糖、半乳糖醇和苯乙醇苷类物质均高于其它部位.可见红外光谱法结合二维相关红外光谱技术为同种药材不同部位的细微差异分析和评价提供了一种快速、全面和客观的方法和手段.     

治疗慢性肾病中药计算机网络药理学研究

药物分子和靶标之间的相互作用是其药理作用的基础.运用分子对接和复杂网络分析技术研究治疗慢性肾病中药所含化学成分和靶标之间的相互作用.结果显示治疗慢性肾病中药所含化学成分-靶标相互作用网络与西药的化学成分-靶标相互作用网络存在较大的差异,这说明中药的作用机制和西药的作用机制不完全相同.研究还发现补益类中药所含化学成分-靶标相互作用网络与攻逐类中药所含化学成分-靶标相互作用网络也存在较大差异,这从复杂网络研究视角阐释了古老的中药分类理论.这种研究方法可以快速筛选出治疗慢性肾病中药中的有效成分群及其关键靶标,为组分中药的研发提供实验数据.     

蜂王浆的生理功能

蜂王浆是一种滋补品,其化学成分复杂,具有广泛的生理功效,同时蜂王浆具有可观的经济效益.本文对蜂王浆的功能作简要介绍.     

The Natural Occurrence of the Campholenyl Skeleton,Another «Non-isoprenoid» Monoterpene System

In the essential oil of Juniperus communis L. (fruit), campholenic aldehyde and its epoxide have been identified, together with the corresponding alcohol and its acetate. This is the first time the natural occurence of 2-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)-ethyl system is reported.     

Rapid and Efficient Synthesis of (R)-Aryloxypropionic Acid Esters Under Microwave Irradiation

A series of (R)-(+)-ethyl aryloxypropionates (4a–4p) have been synthesized by the reaction of substituted phenols with ethyl (S)-(?)-tosyloxy lactate under the conditions of microwave irradiation and without solvents. The reaction conditions have been optimized. A good method for the preparation of (R)-(+)-ethyl aryloxypropionate was developed, with good yields, high enantiomer excess, short reaction times, easy workup, and simple procedure.     

Preparation of samples for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of phthalate and adipate esters in plasma and beverages by steam distillation and extraction

Phthalate and adipate esters are present in relatively large amounts in the environment, resulting in their large blank values at analysis and making precise analysis difficult. We developed a highly sensitive analytical method for phthalate and adipate esters in plasma and beverages by lowering the blank values that interfere with analysis. The method uses a closed distillation cleanup system in which steam distillation and extraction are performed simultaneously. The recoveries from beverages and plasma were both satisfactory, ranging from 90.2 to 118.3%, relative standard deviation (RSD) = 2.8-5.3%, and 96.2-134.4%, RSD = 2.2-6.5%, respectively. The detection limits of dibutyl phthalate and di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate were 5 ng/mL, and those of diethyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, and di-2-ethyl hexyl adipate were 10 ng/mL in rabbit plasma and beverages.     

The stereoselectivity of the alkylation of the dianion of ethyl 2-hydroxy-6-methylcyclohexanecarboxylates: Control of stereochemistry at three adjacent stereogenic centers

Yeast reduction of rac-ethyl 2-methyl-6-oxocylohexanecarboxylate (rac- 1 ) yielded selectively (+)-ethyl 2-hydroxy-6-methylcyclohexane carboxylate (+)- 2 (Scheme 1) which has been alkylated with 5-iodo-2-methylbut-2-ene by (the dianion method to furnish the 4-methylbut-3-enyl derivat 3 (Scheme 3)). NaBH₄ reduction of (+)- 1 led to three hydroxy-carboxylates (?)- 2 , (+)- 5 , and (?) -6 (Scheme 4). Allylation of the dianion of (+)- 5 afforded (+)- 7 .     

Synthèse des (−)-(6R)-et(+)-(6S)-tétrahydro-6-[(Z)-pent-2-ényl]-2H-pyran-2-one,lactones de Jasminum grandiflorum L. et de Polianthes tuberosa L.

Synthesis of (?)-(6R)- and (+)-(6S)-Tetrahydro-6-[(Z)-pent-2-enyl]-2H-Pyran-2-one, lactones from Jasminum grandiflorum L. and from Polianthes tuberosa L. (?)-(2S)-Ethyl 2-hydroxyhexanedioate ((2S)- 2 ) was obtained by kinetic resolution of racemic ethyl 2-hydroxy-hexanedioate with baker's yeast. The key intermediates (+)-(5R)- and (?)-(5S)-ethyl 5,6-epoxyhexanoate ((5R)- and (5S)- 6 , resp.) are proved to be useful synthons for the total synthesis of chiral 6-alkyl-δ-lactones, as exemplified by the preparation of both enantiomers of jasmine lactone ((6R)- and (6S)- 10 , resp.).     

3,5,6-三-氧-甲基-D-葡萄糖与N-取代甘氨酸乙酯反应中的Amadori重排

Amadori重排是胺(包括氨基酸)与还原糖间一系列复杂反应中的很重要的一步,反应。一级胺以及二级芳香胺与还原糖反应中的Amadori 重排已有大量报道,但对涉及二级脂肪胺特别是 N-取代氨基酸的报道却为数甚少。Anet 曾报道了 N-取代甘氨酸与葡萄糖作用后,得到 Amadori 重排产物的结果,但对其作用机制及反应中间产物无详细描述。本文研究了 N-取代甘氨酸乙酯与3,5,6-三-氧-     

Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of endemic Viola tianshanica

The composition and in vitro antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extract of the aerial parts of Viola tianshanica were evaluated in this research. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil resulted in the identification of 15 constituents, representing 89.67% of the oil. The major compounds detected in the essential oil were dibutyl phthalate (15.19%), hexadecanoate methyl (8.65%), n-hexadecanoic acid (3.07%) and 2,3-pentanedione (2.62%). Essential oil and methanol extract were tested for their antioxidant activities using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging and β-carotene linoleic acid assay. In addition, the total phenol of essential oil, polar subfraction and non-polar subfraction were determined.     

粉苞苣挥发油化学成分的GC-MS测定分析

利用气相色谱 质谱联用技术对粉苞苣的挥发油成分进行分析测定.从这种植物挥发油的45个峰中鉴定出27个化合物,所鉴定的组分占挥发油色谱总峰面积的77.25%.     

Novel Hydroxyicosatetraenoic and Hydroxyicosapentaenoic Acids and a 13-Oxo Analog. Isolation from a Mixture of the Calcareous Red Algae Lithothamnion corallioides and Lithothamnion calcareum of Brittany Waters

A mixture of the red calcareous algae Lithothamnion corallioides CROUAN and Lithothamnion calcareum (PALLAS ) ARESCHOUGH , from Brittany waters, gives, on ethanolic extraction, the novel icosanoids ethyl 13-hydroxy-arachidonate (=(+)-all-Z-ethyl 13-hydroxyicosa-5,8, 11,14,-tetraenoate; (+)- 1 )), ethyl 13-hydroxytimnodonate (=(+)-(all-Z)-ethyl 13-hydroxyicosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoate ((+)- 2 ), and (5Z,9E,11E,14E)-ethyl 8-hydroxy-13-oxoicosa-5,9,11,14-tetraenoate ( 3 ). Moreover, the ethyl esters of four known icosatetraenoic acids are contained in the above algae. Structural elucidations of these metabolites are based mainly on NMR data.     

邻苯二甲酸二元酯聚氯乙烯膜电极对季铵盐类药物响应功能的研究

用邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯作为活性物质和增塑剂制作PVC膜电极。该电极对季铵盐类药物黄连素、新洁尔灭和碘解磷定具有能斯特响应,用于成品药的分析取得满意的结果。