电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钒铝合金中15种杂质元素

提出了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钒铝合金中15种杂质元素硼、钨、硅、铁、铅、锡、砷、镍、铬、钴、铜、磷、锰、镁和钼含量的方法。选择了各元素的分析谱线及背景校正位置避免光谱干扰;采用基体匹配和同步背景校正消除基体影响。方法的检出限（3s）在5.0～100μg·L^-1之间,背景等效浓度在5～95μg·L^-1之间。方法用于钒铝合金样品的分析结果与德国GfE公司测定值一致。方法的回收率在95.3%～110%之间;各元素含量不小于0.010%时的测定值的相对标准偏差（n=8）小于5.0%;各元素含量在0.001%～0.010%时,相对标准偏差小于9.0%。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定煤灰成分的改进

样品以四硼酸锂和偏硼酸锂为熔剂,硝酸铵为氧化剂,溴化锂为脱模剂,采用玻璃状熔片法制样。选用标准样品及其标准样品间相混合配制的混合样品制作工作曲线,并以α系数和经验系数法校正元素谱线干扰和基体效应,用X射线荧光光谱法对煤灰中的二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化铁、氧化钙、氧化镁、五氧化二磷、氧化钾、氧化钠、氧化钛、五氧化二钒、氧化锰和三氧化硫等12种主次组分进行测定。方法分析结果与化学法和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定值相符;对同一样品按所建方法分别熔融制备10个熔片进行测定,各组分测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)在0.06%～2.4%之间。     

X射线荧光光谱法快速测定铅铋合金中的铅、铋、金、银、铜、砷、锑、锡和碲

建立快速测定铅铋合金中铅、铋、金、银、铜、砷、锑、锡、碲含量的X射线荧光光谱法。采用自制的铅铋合金样品作为标准样品,用台式车床制样,用X射线荧光光谱法快速测定铅铋合金中各元素含量,并用α理论系数法和经验系数法相结合对基体效应进行校正。各组分校准曲线的相关系数均大于0.998,检出限为5.54～101μg/g,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.06%～7.73%(n=9)。用该方法对3个铅铋合金样品进行分析,测定结果与参考值吻合,相对误差小于8.33%。该方法简便快捷,结果准确,能满足铅铋合金中各元素检测要求,对炉前分析具有很强的实用价值。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定葡萄中40种痕量元素

葡萄样品用微波消解处理后,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定所得样品溶液中40种元素的含量。使用合适的同位素、内标和干扰校正方程消除了被测元素的干扰。方法的检出限(3s)在0.003 6～0.53μg·L-1之间。方法用于苹果标准物质(GBW 10019)的分析,测定值与认定值相符,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.6%～8.5%之间。     

X射线荧光光谱法快速测定钢基中锰元素

应用波长色散X射线荧光光谱法对中低合金钢、电工钢、高锰钢、不锈钢中锰元素进行测定.采用经验系数法校正元素间的增强-吸收效应和光谱重叠干扰,元素检测限为2.1μg/g,线性相关系数大于0.9998.考察了分析方法的精密度和准确度,元素的测定结果与认定值一致,相对标准偏差小于2%.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定原油中微量元素

原油样品用硝酸和过氧化氢经高压密闭消解罐消解处理,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定其中镁、铝、钒、铬、镍、铜、锌、钼、镉和铅等10种微量元素的含量。10种元素的检出限(3s)在0.012～0.300μg·g~(-1)之间。方法用于S-21油标准样品分析,测定值与认定值相吻合,相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.5%～5.0%之间。10种元素的回收率在93.3%～116.0%之间。     

熔融制样-波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中12种主次成分

采用熔融制样法对铁矿石进行熔融制样;以三氧化二钴(Co2O3)作为铁的内标,并对熔剂、氧化剂、脱模剂、熔融温度和熔融比例进行了讨论。采用理论α系数法、经验系数法校正基体效应和各元素的谱线重叠干扰。建立了波长色散X射线荧光光谱(WDXRF)测定铁矿石中12种组分的分析方法。本法测定铁矿标准物质(GBW07822-GBW07830)各组分的相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.41%~4.2%之间,测定值与标准值相符,且与电感耦合等离子发射光谱的对比测定结果一致。利用本法对实际铁矿样品的全铁含量进行测定,结果与化学分析法的测定结果基本一致。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定柴油发动机NO_x-还原剂AUS32中11种痕量元素

提出了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定柴油发动机NOx-还原剂AUS 32中11种痕量元素钾、钠、铝、钙、铬、铜、铁、镁、镍、锌及磷含量的分析方法。选择了各元素的分析谱线,各元素的质量浓度均在一定的范围内与其信号强度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3σ)均小于0.010 mg.L-1。方法用于分析NOx-还原剂AUS 32样品,测定结果与ISO标准方法测定值一致;方法的回收率在95.1%～115.1%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)均小于6%。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定废塑料表面涂层中8种元素的含量

采用X射线荧光光谱法测定废塑料表面涂层中8种元素的含量。考察了样品杯、基材以及金属涂层中元素效应对检测结果的影响。P、Si、Fe、Pb、Al、Cu、Cr和Ni的测定范围在0.002%~52.0%之间,检出限在0.000 2%~0.000 8%之间。采用本方法测定废塑料样品表面涂层中元素含量,结果与ICP-AES测定结果一致,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)小于1%。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定高纯铝中杂质元素

高纯铝样品经盐酸(1+1)溶液微波消解,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定所得样品溶液中钛、铁、铜、锌、镓、银、镉、铟和铅等杂质元素的含量。选择适当的待测元素的同位素克服了质谱干扰,定量加入50μg·L~(-1)铯和锗内标元素有效地校正了基体效应。选用碰撞室技术消除了多原子离子对部分被测元素的干扰。结果表明:方法的检出限(3s)在0.003～0.042μg·L~(-1)之间。高纯铝样品中9种元素测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=10)在2.9%～9.5%之间。方法用于精铝标准样品(R11C)的测定,结果与认定值基本相符。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.