具有填充材料的金属格栅夹层板在高速冲击下动态响应的数值分析

利用大型非线性有限元程序ABAQUS和LS-DYNA,对具有填充材料的金属格栅结构的冲击问题进行数值模拟.研究了不同的填充材料(金属泡沫和陶瓷)分别填充到不同的格栅构型(波纹型、蜂窝型和加强六边形)夹层板后,各类夹层板受到金属泡沫子弹和不锈钢子弹冲击时变形与能量吸收特性,探讨了夹层板上下面层板、支撑格栅及填充材料等各部分的吸能比率.研究结果表明,泡沫填充夹层板在缓冲吸能方面具有优势,陶瓷填充夹层板则在抵抗冲击穿透方面更具有优势,不同构型的夹层板,性能略有不同.     

强脉冲载荷作用下弹-塑性薄圆板的大挠度动力响应

利用有限变形弹塑性连续体的最小加速度原理 ,建立了分析圆板动力响应问题的数值方法 ,并通过对均匀分布的脉冲载荷作用下铰支圆板位移响应的细致分析 ,探讨了响应过程中的饱和冲量现象 ,指出对于高载范围内的脉冲载荷 ,相应于最大变形的饱和冲量确实是存在的。结果还表明 ,虽然圆板的弹塑性动力分析非常复杂 ,但基于最小加速度原理的数值计算方法却具有简单、直接的优点。     

加筋板弹性大挠度的冲击响应分析

用半解析的方法分析了横向冲击载荷下加筋板的非线性瞬态响应。考虑膜力的存在 ,忽略筋截面上的剪切应力 ,引入板的应力函数 ,采用离散加筋板模型 ,运用能量原理建立加筋板的动响应控制方程。假设挠度为双级数形式 ,运用迦辽金法 ,将加筋板的动响应方程转化为一个多自由度的动力系统 ,采用数值方法来求解。最后给出了几个模型的计算结果。     

多层环形钢板式阻尼器钢板厚度对其性能影响的实验研究

多层环形钢板式隔振器是一种新型全金属隔振器。适用于重载高速、高低温及大温差等工况下的阻尼减振。本文对该隔振器的结构特点及制备方法进行了研究。主要分析了钢板厚度对隔振器性能的影响,制备出了具有不同结构形式和性能特点的样件,对样件进行了动静态实验研究;获得了钢板厚度不同时隔振器的弹性迟滞回线、隔振器系统频响特性、传递率及固有频率。研究结果表明:钢板厚度是影响隔振器性能的主要几何参数。改变钢板厚度,能够使隔振器具有不同的弹性阻尼性能和能量耗散性能,该结果对实际应用具有重要价值。     

轿车钢板表面形貌特征参数的提取

通过对典型轿车钢板表面形貌的分析,以形貌与其摩擦学性能的关系为出发点,对粗糙表面、粗糙峰和粗糙谷的分布特性进行了统计分析。结果表明：粗糙表面、粗糙峰和粗糙谷数的统计分布特性与润滑及接触等性能密切相关;针对轿车钢板表面、粗糙峰和粗糙谷数在高度方向概率分布曲线的非Gauss特性,提出采用Weibull概率密度函数的非线性曲线拟合对分布特征进行分析处理。所得拟合参数具有非常明确的物理意义,所此可以采用少量参数来较全面地描述其对应的轿车钢板表面形貌特征分布。     

随机参数连续体结构的动力学拓扑优化

构造了基于概率的连续体结构动力特性拓扑优化设计数学模型,以结构的形状拓扑信息为设计变量,结构总重量极小化为目标函数,满足结构多阶固有频率约束的可靠性要求为约束条件。利用分布函数法对模型中的可靠性约束进行了等价化处理。采用了渐进结构优化(ESO)的求解策略与方法。通过算例验证了文中所提出的设计模型及求解策略与方法的合理性和有效性。     

非匀质材料板的微结构优化设计

探讨具有微结构构造的非匀质材料构件在微结构层次上的优化设计,即寻求满足构件宏观性能要求的最佳微结构材料与构造参数。文中采用细观元法确定非匀质材料构件宏观性能与材料微结构参数间定量关系,建立起微结构优化设计数学模型,具体分析了复合材料板件满足强度、刚度要求的最佳微结构参数。有关方法可适用于复合材料、功能梯度材料、智能材料等新材料构件。     

中厚板屈曲的加权残值方法

用加权残值方法分析了矩形中厚板的屈曲问题。试函数和权函数依据短梁函数进行构造。结果良好。     

Stress Wave Field Near a Notched Boundary in Anisotropic Plates under Impulsive Loading

The stress distribution near a rectilinear boundary and a boundary with a notch of different depths in an anisotropic plate is analyzed. The plate boundary is under the action of a surface or embedded impulsive source. The results presented have been obtained using the dynamic photoelastic method for optically sensitive orthotropic plates. The results for orthotropic and isotropic plates with different ratios of notch depth to wavelength are analyzed     

剪切变形对FGM圆板轴对称屈曲的影响

基于一阶剪切变形板理论，推导了功能梯度材料圆形板在边界面内均布压力作用下的轴对称屈曲方程。在推导过程中，忽略了前屈曲耦合变形。利用一阶板理论与经典板理论屈曲方程之间在数学形式上的相似性，得到了一阶板理论下功能梯度材料圆板与经典板理论下均匀圆板临界屈曲载荷之间的解析关系。利用这个解析关系，可以直接从已有的较为简单的经典理论的结果，获得一阶板理论下功能梯度材料板的临界屈曲载荷。     

面内预应力功能梯度材料矩形板的横向弯曲

功能梯度材料（FGM)是一类具有广阔应用前景的新型复合材料。本文考虑材料物性参数随坐标和温度变化的特性，研究横向荷载和面内预加荷载作用下FGM矩形板在各种边界条件下的弯曲问题。给出了基于一维微分求积格式的Galerkin技术的半解析方法，并以ZrO2/Ti-6Al-4V板为例考察了材料组分，温度相关性，面内预加荷载，边界约束条件等对FGM板弯曲行为的影响。结果表明，FGM板的弯曲变形介于各向同性陶瓷板与各向同性金属板之间，且随板抗弯刚度的增大而逐步减小，在高温下条件下必须考虑材料物性和温度的相关性。     

两级载荷下复合材料层板疲劳与寿命预测

研究了复合材料层板疲劳过程中的累积应变演化规律，建立了以累积应变为基础的非线性积累损伤法则，实验结果表明：文中提出的累积应变方法能够较好地反映加载次序效应，准确地预测了复合材料层板在两级载荷下的疲劳寿命。     

Design Problem of Laminated Plates with Specified Characteristics

The problem of design of laminated plates with specified stiffness and strength characteristics is considered. The starting design problem is reduced to the convexcombination problems, which is solved by the convolution method. The following design problems are solved: design with allowance for strength, design of a laminated plate of unconstrained thickness, and design for approximately specified characteristics.     

Viscoelastoplasticity of Rubbery Polymers at Finite Strains

Constitutive relations are derived for the nonlinear response of rubbery polymers and polymeric melts at isothermal loading. The model is based on a concept of nonaffine temporary networks, where breakage and reformation of active chains are responsible for the viscoelastic behavior, whereas gliding of junctions with respect to a bulk medium reflects the plastic effects. Constitutive equations are developed using the laws of thermodynamics. They contain only one extra adjustable parameter compared to the Lodge formula in finite viscoelasticity. The model is applied to study stresses and residual strains in a bar at uniaxial extension and in a layer at simple shear. Fair agreement is demonstrated between experimental data for polystyrene and polyethylene at elevated temperature and the results of numerical simulation.Sommario. Vengono derivate equazioni costitutive che descrivono la risposta nonlineare di gomme polimeriche e fusioni di polimeri nel caso di carichi isotermi. Il modello proposto è basato sul concetto di reti temporanee non affini, in cui la rottura e la riformazione di legami attivi sono responsabili del comportamento viscoielastico, mentre lo scorrimento di giunzioni rispetto alla matrice del materiale è veicolo di effetti plastici. Le equazioni costitutive vengono sviluppate usando le leggi della termodinamica. Esse contengono solo un parametro regolabile aggiuntivo rispetto alla formula di Lodge in viscoelasticità finita. Il modello è applicato allo studio degli sforzi e delle deformazioni residue in una barra in allungamento uniassiale ed in uno strato soggetto a semplice scorrimento. Si dimostra un discreto accordo tra i dati sperimentali per il polistirene ed il polietilene ad elevate temperature e i risultati di simulazioni numeriche.     

Thermoelastoplastic Stress-Strain State of Rectangular Plates

A technique is proposed to solve a thermoplastic problem for rectangular plates of varying thickness with arbitrary boundary conditions at all edges. The technique is based on the hypothesis of rectilinear element, the theory of simple loading, and the method of complete systems __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 41, No. 10, pp. 53–63, October 2005.     

Bending of Composite Plates under Static and Dynamic Loading

The stationary bending of a two-dimensional elastic system of joined rectangular plates with different mechanical properties and boundary conditions is studied. A technique for solving the corresponding problem is proposed. It is based on approximate approaches in combination with a generalization of the force method. It is established that the static strain state of the system is essentially dependent on the difference between the elastic moduli of the constituent plates. It is also shown that with certain boundary conditions, the dependence of the first resonant frequency on the relative position of plates along the contact line is nonmonotonic__________Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 77–84, January 2005.     

压缩载荷作用下岩石类材料的断裂模式研究

为了解岩石类材料在压缩条件下的裂纹扩展规律,本文对含有内部倾斜裂纹的石膏板试件进行了双轴压缩实验. 研究表明:在通常情况下岩石裂纹按I 型张拉模式扩展,但随着裂纹表面摩擦系数μ和围压与纵向荷载比值λ的提高,翼裂纹扩展的偏转角随之减少.当裂纹表面摩擦系数和围压与纵向荷载比值足够大时,例如,μ=0.83和λ=0.315,岩石裂纹按Ⅱ型剪切模式扩展.然而,当裂纹表面摩擦系数和围压与纵向荷载比值进一步增加时,石膏板试件将发生强度破坏.本文提出了一个理论模型用以解释和描述这一实验现象.     

应用MTS材料试验机对高能材料进行快速加载的试验研究

介绍了开发ＭＴＳ材料试验机应用于快速加载的高能材料动态力学的试验方法，研究了方波信号的频率对加载速率的影响，开发了低周疲劳试验机在冲击载荷下用于固体炸药在不同温度下的单轴，三轴材料动态力学性能研究的功能，得出了应变速率达到４／ｓ。加载速率与信号频率无关，而与系统增益，液压油源大小，伺服阀流量、材料性质有关的结论     

Deformation of Piecewise-Homogeneous Plates

Forced planar vibrations of a rectangular plate consisting of two rectangular subdomains are studied. The mechanical properties of the subdomains are essentially different. The boundary conditions for the subdomains may also be different. It is shown that the more the difference between the properties of the subdomains, the closer to a certain limit is the first resonance frequency of the plate. It is established that under certain boundary conditions, the displacements in each of the subdomains may have their own specific features     

The interaction of two parallel Mode-I limited-permeable cracks in a functionally graded piezoelectric material

In this paper, the interaction of two parallel Mode-I limited-permeable cracks in a functionally graded piezoelectric material was investigated by using the generalized Almansi's theorem. In the analysis, the electric permittivity of the air inside the crack was considered. The problem was formulated through Fourier transform into two pairs of dual integral equations, in which unknown variables are jumps of displacements across the crack surface. To solve the dual integral equations, the jumps of displacements across the crack surfaces were directly expanded as a series of Jacobi polynomials. The solution of the present paper shows that the singular stresses and the singular electric displacements at the crack tips in functionally graded piezoelectric materials carry the same forms as those in homogeneous piezoelectric materials; however, the magnitudes of intensity factors depend on the electric permittivity of the air inside the crack and the gradient parameter of functionally graded piezoelectric material properties. It was also revealed that the crack shielding effect is also present in functionally graded piezoelectric materials.