Structures and properties of layered barium borates Ba0.975[B6O9(OH)(O0.975Br0.025) · B2O(OH)3], Ba2[B5O8(OH)2](OH), Na2Ba2[B20O34(OH)4], and Ba5[B20O33(OH)4]H2O

A new hexaborate, Ba_0.975[B₆O₉(OH)(O_0.975Br_0.025) · B₂O(OH)₃], was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. This compound is structurally similar to tunnelite and the synthetic borates Pb[B₆O₁₀(OH) · B₂O(OH)₃], Pr[B₆O₁₀(OH) · B₂O(OH)₄], and Nd[B₆O₁₀ · B₃O₃(OH)₄] · H₂O studied earlier. In the new hexaborate and the refined pentaborate Ba₂[B₅O₈(OH)₂]OH, in which the polyanions adopt an orientation in layers unusual for pentaborates, thermal vibrations of the terminal groups were revealed. This fact reflects the real crystal structure. The nonlinear optical properties of the crystals of the polar pentaborate Na₄Ba₄[B₂₀O₃₄(OH)₄] were determined. The crystal structure of the related pentaborate Ba₅[B₂₀O₃₃(OH)₄]H₂O was considered. The factors most likely responsible for the difference in the second-harmonic generation signal for this pair were revealed.     

徐闻盐场苦卤制备Mg2(OH)2CO3·3H2O晶须

以苦卤为原料,先在体系中加入Na2CO3-NaHCO3缓冲溶液,再以Na2CO3为沉淀剂,采用液相沉淀法制备了直晶率好、分散性好的碱式碳酸镁晶须(Mg2 (OH)2CO3·3H2O).通过元素分析、SEM及XRD测试等手段分别表征了产品的纯度、形貌特征及属性.结果表明,碱式碳酸镁晶须分散性好、晶形好、粒度分布均匀、晶须质量好.当反应温度T=32℃,反应时间t=69 h时可获得晶形好、表面光滑的碱式碳酸镁晶须.     

Cu3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O纳米线的制备及光吸收性能

以CuSO4·5H2O和 NH4VO3为原料,采用水热法制备了Cu3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O纳米线.采用X射线衍射(XRD)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)对样品的组成和表面形貌进行了表征,结果显示:Cu3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O纳米线直径约80 nm,长度达到几个微米.对纳米线形成机理研究表明:该纳米线的形成主要取决于反应温度和反应体系pH值等因素.紫外-可见光吸收测试显示Cu3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O纳米线具有较宽的紫外-可见光吸收范围,计算其带隙宽度为1.94 eV.     

包裹型Al(OH)3-Y(OH)3/ZrB2复合粉体的合成工艺优化研究

本文采用共沉淀法优化包裹型Al(OH)3-Y(OH)3/ZrB2复合粉体的合成工艺,通过TEM对合成的复合粉体进行形貌分析,得出适宜的包覆工艺参数分别是pH=9、溶液浓度为Al3+=0.017 moL/L和Y3+ =0.01 mol/L、滴定速度为0.05 ml/s、反应时间为60min.通过优化工艺,可以合成出包裹结构较好的包裹型Al(OH)3-Y(OH)3/ZrB2复合粉体,其包裹层厚度约为150 ～ 300 nm,为改善ZrB2基复合材料难于烧结致密化和高温条件下易氧化奠定原料基础.     

Al(OH)3和Sr(OH)2复合粉末的制备及性能研究

本文采用活化Al-Sr合金粉末水解反应制备Al(OH)3和Sr(OH)2复合粉末,利用XRD,SEM,EDS,BET及激光粒度仪对复合粉末进行结构和性能研究.研究结果表明,Al(OH)3和Sr(OH)2的复合粉末中Sr/Al比例与配比相比有所偏移,但在复合粉末中两者均匀混合,具有化学组成的微观均匀性.复合粉末微观形貌为1～3μm片状小颗粒叠加的团聚颗粒,BET比表面积较大,达到45.2m2/g,水解产物粒度分布均匀,D50为27.58μm,D25/D75为0.76.     

pH值对Mg2(OH)2CO3·3H2O晶须生长机制的影响

研究了pH值对Mg2 (OH) 2CO3·3H2O晶须生长过程的影响.发现在较低的pH值下Mg2(OH)2CO3·3H2O易于形成空心管状的晶须,而在较高的pH值下则易形成层板状的晶须.结合拉曼光谱,利用负离子配位多面体生长基元模型分析了管状Mg2 (OH) 2CO3·3H2O晶须生长过程.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of [Y(NO3)3(OH2)3]·(Me2-16-crown-5)·H2O

The complex [Y(NO₃)₃(OH₂)₃]·(Me₂-16-crown-5)·H₂O has been prepared and its crystal and molecular structure determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction. The colorless crystals belong to the monoclinic space group P2₁/n with Z = 4. Lattice parameters are a = 10.420(1), b = 17.257(3), c = 14.646(2) Å, = 96.79(1)°, V = 2615.1(6) ų. The yttrium(III) ion is nine-coordinate, bonded to three bidentate nitrate groups and three water molecules. The average Y–O(nitrate) and Y–O(water) distances are 2.42(3) and 2.33(1) Å, respectively. The average HO–H···O hydrogen bonded separation is 2.767Å.     

Crystal structure of triaquamaleatostrontium(II) monohydrate, [Sr(C4H2O4)(OH2)3]·H2O

[Sr(C₄H₂O₄)(OH₂)₃]·H₂O is monoclinic, P2₁/n, witha=11.476(2),b=7.027(1),c=12.344(2) Å, =115.74(3)°,V=896.67 ų,Z=4. The Sr atom is surrounded by nine oxygen atoms which come from four different maleate anions and three water molecules. The Sr–O distances range from 2.546(2) to 2.808(2) Å. The C–O distances are equal within the standard deviation 1.263(3) to 1.258(3) Å). In the maleate anion, the planes that contain the carboxylate groups form an angle of 74.44(9)°. Both carboxylate groups deviate significantly from planarity. The different coordination modes of the carboxylate group and the extensive hydrogen bonding present are responsible for the polymeric nature of the structure.     

水热LSS法制备La(OH)3 纳米晶

采用基于在水热合成的过程中发生于液相、固相和溶液相界面处的相扩散和分离机制的液相(Liquid)-固相(Solid)-溶液相(Solution)(LSS)法成功地制备出具有规则形状的La(OH)3纳米晶,主要研究了水热反应釜填充比、水热反应温度等工艺因素对La(OH)3纳米晶的晶粒尺寸及相组成的影响.采用X射线衍射仪、纳米粒度分析仪和透射电子显微镜对所制备的La(OH)3纳米晶进行表征.结果表明:所制备的La(OH)3由直径约为10～40nm的纳米晶组成,晶粒尺寸分布均匀;随着水热反应温度从120℃增加到220℃,La(OH)3纳米晶结晶程度提高,晶粒的平均尺寸从14nm增加到40nm;在60～80;范围内,水热反应釜填充比对La(OH)3纳米晶的粒度影响不大.     

一种新的三维网状硼钒酸盐K4[(VO)12O6B18O38(OH)4].6(H3O)·17H2O的水热合成和晶体结构

以V2O5,H3BO3,KSCN,NH2 CH2 CH2 NHCH2 CH2 OH,CuCl·H2O和H2O为原料,按物质的量比1:5:2:2:2:500在180℃条件下晶化,得到黑色块状晶体K4[(VO)12O6B18O38(OH)4]·6(H3O)·17H2O.单晶结构分析结果表明该化合物属正交晶系,Pbca空间群,晶胞参数a=1.9193(4)am,b=1.8415(4)am,c=1.9231(4)nm,V=6.797(2)nm3,Z=4,R=0.0564,WR2=0.1649.该化合物的结构主要由阴离子簇[(VO)12O6B18O38(OH)4]10-构成.该阴离子簇由B18O38(OH)4十八元环夹在两个以共边方式交替相连形成的V6O18簇中间,通过共用氧原子形成三明治式结构新颖的硼-钒-氧阴离子簇,结构中阴离子簇通过与K离子形成的静电引力以及分子间的大量氢键相互连接,形成三维网状结构.价态计算结果表明,结构中n(VⅣ):n(Vv)=8:4.     

TiO2/Ni3[Ge2O5](OH)4复合材料的制备及光催化性能

以Ni₃[Ge₂O₅](OH)₄为载体,氟钛酸铵为原料,采用水热辅助液相沉积法制备了纳米TiO₂/ Ni₃[Ge₂O₅](OH)₄复合材料。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱分析(RM)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HTEM)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)等表征手段对样品的物相组成、结构特性及微观形貌做了检测分析,并且探究了不同二氧化钛负载量对纳米TiO₂/Ni₃[Ge₂O₅](OH)₄复合材料光降解亚甲基蓝能力的影响规律。结果表明,实验实现了纳米TiO₂与Ni₃[Ge₂O₅](OH)₄的紧密复合与有效分散,TiO₂为锐钛矿型结构,平均粒径20 nm。该复合材料能够有效抑制光生载流子的复合,改善材料的吸附性能,提高材料的光催化效率。当复合材料中TiO₂与Ni₃[Ge₂O₅](OH)₄的摩尔比为3.1∶1时,材料对亚甲基蓝的光催化效率最高,90 min亚甲基蓝的光降解率为99.81％。     

Synthesis and structure determination of 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one (C19H28O2·CH3OH)

3-Hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one (C₁₉H₂₈O₂.CH₃OH) has been prepared for undertaking its crystallographic analysis and to investigate the role of intra- and intermolecular interactions in steroids. The title compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group C222₁ with unit cell parameters a = 6.7892(17), b = 12.624(2), and c = 41.136(5) Å; V = 3525.7(12) ų and Z = 8. The three-dimensional structure has been solved by direct methods. The final reliability index for the computed structure is 0.050 for 1088 observed reflections. Ring A exist in chair conformation, Ring B in half-chair conformation, and the Ring C assumes a distorted chair conformation. The five-membered Ring D adopts half-chair conformation. The A/B ring junction is quasi-trans while as B/C and C/D are trans-fused. The oxygen atom of the solvent molecule (CH₃OH) is involved in O–H···O intermolecular interaction.     

三维孔道结构(H3 NCH2 CH2 NH3)2(H3 NCH2 CH2 NH2)[VⅢ(H2O)2(VⅣ O)8(OH)4(H(P,B)O4)4((P,B)O4)4(H2O)2]·3H2O的水热合成及晶体化学研究 --(2)晶体结构与晶体化学

在单晶X射线衍射实验的基础上,对孔道结构化合物V9P8-en的类质同象物V9(P,B)8-en的晶体结构和晶体化学进行了深入研究.结果表明,该化合物的晶体学数据为:P2(1)/n,a=1.43134(9)nm,b=1.01256(6)nm,c=1.83156(12)nm,β=90.280(2)°,V=2.6545(3)nm3,Z=2,R=0.0540,wR2=0.1551.结构中,沿着三个结晶轴方向发育复杂而规整的三维孔道,最大孔径达1.83nm(∥b轴),质子化乙二胺和水分子居于孔道中.硼部分替代四面体配位的磷,替代率为B8:P8=0.1838:7.8162;其中B与{P-OH}位P的替代量大于与[P-O]位P的替代量.相对于V9P8-en来说,V9(P,B)8-en的晶胞参数发生了变化,导致b轴增长(1.0150→1.0256nm)和c轴缩短(1.8374→1.8316nm),同时β角变小(90.39→90.278(2)°).二者的化学计量比也不同,体现在结构与孔容的关系、电荷平衡、满足亲水-疏水作用的结晶水的数量及有机模板分子的赋存状态等方面都有差异.     

Crystal structure of new synthetic Ca,Na carbonate-borate Ca2Na(Na x Ca0.5 ? x )[B 3 t B 2 δ O8(OH)(O1 ? x OH x )](CO3)

New Ca,Na carbonate-borate Ca₂Na(Na _x Ca_{0.5 ? x} ) [B ₃ ^t B ₂ ^?? O₈(OH)(O_{1 ? x} OH _x )](CO₃) crystals (x ?? 0.4) have been synthesized by the hydrothermal method in the Ca(OH)₂-H₃BO₃-Na₂CO₃-NaCl-system at t = 250°C and P = 70?C80 atm; the structure parameters are found to be a = 11.1848(3) ?, b = 6.4727(2) ?, c = 25.8181(7) ?, ?? = 96.364(3)°, V = 1857.60(9) ?³, sp. gr. C2/c, Z = 8, and ??_calcd = 2.801 g/cm³ (Xcalibur S autodiffractometer (CCD), 2663 reflections with I > 2?? (I), direct solution, refinement by the least-squares method in the anisotropic approximation of thermal atomic vibrations, hydrogen localization, R ₁ = 0.0387). The structure is based on boron-oxygen layers of pentaborate radicals 5(2?? + 3T). Ca and Na polyhedra and CO₃ triangles are located between the layers. A crystallochemical analysis of the new Ca,Na carbonate-borate has established its similarity to natural Na,Ca pentaborates (heidornite and tuzlaite) and synthetic Na,Ba-decaborate.     

Complexation between molybdenum(VI) and oxalate: Crystal and molecular structure of [(−)Co(en)3][MoO3(C2O4)OH2]I·2 H2O

The crystal structure of the product of the reaction between [(–)Co(en)₃]I₃ and a mixture of Na₂MoO₄ and NaHC₂O₄ in aqueous solution is reported: [(–)Co(en)₃][MoO₃(C₂O₄)OH₂]I·2H₂O, space groupP2₁2₁2₁,a=8.131(2),b=14.590(4),c=17.509(4) Å;Z=4. FinalR=0.048,R _w=0.050,w=( ² F)^–1 for 1899 reflections. The configuration of the Mo(VI) oxalate complex differs notably from that proposed previously on the basis of chemical analysis and equilibrium studies.     

C3N4-CaTi2O4(OH)2复合粉体的溶剂热制备及光催化性能

利用无水氯化钙-钛酸四正丁酯-无水乙醇体系,通过加入一定摩尔配比的C3N4粉体用溶剂热法制备了C3N4-CaTi2O4(OH)2复合材料粉体.利用X射线衍射(XRD),比表面积(BET)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品的显微结构进行检测分析,并利用紫外-可见吸收光度计分析了样品对光的吸收特性,研究不同摩尔配比的C3N4粉体复合量对CaTi2O4(OH)2样品的物相结构、微观形貌以及其光催化性能的影响,并考察了不同光源对所制备样品性能的影响.实验结果表明:C3N4粉体的引入显著提高了CaTi2O4(OH)2样品的光催化活性,且当CaTi2O4(OH)2:C3N4物质的量之比为1:0.75时,复合样品的光催化降解率在250nm光源照射下K可达到最大值0.02338min-1.     

Crystal structure of a new mineral lahnsteinite Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O

A sample of a new mineral from the oxidation zone of the hydrothermal Pb, Zn, Ag Friedrichssegen deposit (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany) was studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The parameters of the triclinic (pseudoorthorhombic) unit cell are found to be a = 8.312(1) ?, b = 14.545(1) ?, c = 18.504(2) ?, ?? = 89.71 (1)°, ?? = 90.05(1)°, ?? = 90.13(1)°, and V = 2237.3(3) ?³. The structure is solved by direct methods into the sp. gr. P1 and refined to an R factor of 10.7% using 3788 reflections with |F| > 3??(F) in the isotropic-anisotropic approximation. The crystallochemical formula of lahnsteinite (Z = 8) is [(Zn_2.6Fe_0.3Cu_0.1)^VI(OH)₃][Zn^IV(OH)₃(H₂O)][SO₄] · 2H₂O, where the compositions of the layer composed of Zn octahedra and isolated Zn and S tetrahedra are given in square brackets. The mineral under study is chemically and structurally similar to namuwite and is a natural analog of synthetic zinc hydroxide sulfate trihydrate.     

Na3La9O3(BO3)8的晶体结构

以Na2CO3-H3BO3为助熔剂,用顶部籽晶法生长出Na3La9O3(BO3)8单晶.测定了Na3La9O3(BO3)8晶体结构,结果表明:该晶体属六方晶系,空间群:P62m,晶胞参数为a=b=0.89229(13)nm,c=O.87366(17)nm,α=β=90°,γ=120°,Z=1,V=0.60240(17)nm3,密度为5.066g/cm3.晶体结构中的硼氧基团是平面的BO3基团,BO3基团相互独立,通过与Na(1)O6、La(1)O9和La(2)O8的配位多面体连结形成层状结构,所有层平行于(001)面.描述了Na3La9O3(BO3)8晶体在非线性光学材料领域的应用前景.     

KTm[B4O6(OH)4] ⋅ 3H2O: A New Member of Borate Family with Mica-like Tetrahedral Layers

Crystallography Reports - Crystals of new borate KTm[B4O6(OH)4] ? 3H2O (sp. gr. Р $$\bar {3}$$ 1m, a = 4.5472(7) Å, c = 12.151(3) Å) have been obtained under hydrothermal...     

Synthesis, Structure and Properties of (H2NCH2CH2NH3)3 {(VO)6 [B10O16 (OH)6]2} · 11H2O

Abstract A new polyoxovanadoborate cluster (H₂NCH₂CH₂NH₃)₃ {(VO)₆[B₁₀O₁₆(OH)₆]₂} · 11H₂O was prepared by hydrothermal technique and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, IR and TGA. The crystal of the new compound belongs to monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 20.198(1) ?, b = 13.4476(8) ?, c = 21.602(1) ?, β = 97.067(1)°, V = 5822.8(5) ?³, Z = 4, D _c = 1.956 g cm⁻³, M = 1714.4, μ = 1.066 mm⁻¹, S = 1.905, R = 0.059, R _w = 0.0966. Index Abstract A new polyoxovanadoborate cluster (H2NCH2CH2NH3)3{(VO)6 [B10O16(OH)6]2} · 11H2O was prepared by hydrothermal technique and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, IR and TGA.