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磷杂环戊二烯在探索磷化学的研究中发挥了重要的作用,并广泛应用于配位化学、催化和有机光电材料等领域.[1,5]-σ键迁移(以下简称[1,5]迁移)是磷杂环戊二烯的一类重要反应.该迁移主要是由于磷杂环戊二烯弱的芳香性和环外磷上取代基的σ键与环内二烯体的反键轨道存在一定的σ-π*超共轭效应等特性所共同造成的.该反应自发现以来就成为磷杂环戊二烯衍生化的重要和有效手段.主要介绍了近几年来人们利用磷杂环戊二烯[1,5]迁移特性设计与合成新型有机磷化合物和含磷光电材料的研究进展. 相似文献
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有机铝杂环化合物作为金属杂环化合物中的重要一员,在有机合成中表现出一些独特的性质。有机铝杂环化合物主要包括铝杂环戊二烯、铝杂环戊烯,以及铝杂环戊烷。本文介绍近年来有机铝杂环化合物的合成方法学、反应化学及其在有机合成中的应用研究进展。 相似文献
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氧杂环丁烷是一类重要的小杂环化合物,也是重要有机合成中间体,在有机化学、药物化学和高分子化学中都有广泛的应用.作为具有较大环张力的小杂环化合物,氧杂环丁烷类化合物除可以发生开环反应外,也很容易发生扩环反应,构建含氧普通环到大环化合物.主要总结了氧杂环丁烷的扩环反应,包括重氮化合物作为卡宾前体与氧杂环丁烷的扩环反应、金属... 相似文献
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含氟杂环化合物由于其优异的物理化学性质,在有机化学、药物化学、材料科学等诸多领域扮演着重要的角色.但自然界中,天然含氟杂环化合物屈指可数,开发高效的含氟杂环化合物的合成方法显得尤为重要.随着过渡金属催化、光催化以及电催化自由基反应的迅速发展,自由基化学在合成领域取得了突破性进展,激发了有机化学家利用自由基化学构建含氟杂环的兴趣.主要以不饱和烃的单氟烷基化、二氟烷基化、三氟甲基化、三氟烷氧/硫/硒基化、全氟烷基化以及杂环的直接C—H氟烷基化进行分类,从过渡金属催化、光催化以及电催化等几个方面,对自由基介导的含氟侧链杂环化合物的构建进行讨论. 相似文献
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硅杂四元环化合物的合成和反应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
硅杂四元环化合物在有机硅化学中是一类非常重要的小分子环系化合物, 广泛应用于有机化学、金属有机化学以及材料化学. 环上只含有一个硅原子的硅杂环丁烷可以通过γ-卤代丙基硅烷的Grignard反应、Si=C键与烯烃的 [2+2]环加成反应以及硅杂环丙烷的扩环反应合成, 环上只含有一个硅原子的硅杂环丁烯可以通过格氏试剂或锂试剂参与的Si—C键的关环反应、硅杂环丁烷的转化反应、硅卡宾对C—H键的插入反应、Si=C键与炔烃的[2+2]环加成反应以及二炔基硅烷的分子内成环反应等途径合成. 硅杂环丁烷和硅杂环丁烯由于存在环张力和具有一定的Lewis酸性, 能够通过扩环反应生成五元和六元含硅杂环化合物, 也能够通过开环反应生成不同结构的有机硅分子和聚合物, 抑或实现有机反应在温和条件下的转化. 相似文献
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Dinadayalane TC Gayatri G Sastry GN Leszczynski J 《The journal of physical chemistry. A》2005,109(41):9310-9323
Diene-dienophile competing Diels-Alder reaction pathways of cyclopentadiene, 1H-, 2H- and 3H-phospholes with butadiene were explored at the B3LYP level using 6-31G(d) and 6-311+G(d,p) basis sets, and at the CCSD(T)/6-31G(d)//B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. Activation barriers show that cyclopentadiene favors a diene rather than a dienophile conformation. Pathways 1 and 2 (A and B) corresponding to butadiene as the diene and dienophile are predicted to be highly competitive in the case of 1H-phosphole. Secondary orbital interactions and the preferable bispericyclic nature of transition states are responsible for the stability of endo transition states. The study indicates that some of the transition states are bispericyclic and most of them are highly asynchronous. The reactions require a lower activation energy when the conversion of weak C=P to C-P occurs in the case of 2H- and 3H-phospholes. The high stability of the products resulting via path 1 can be attributed to the less strain in the bicyclo[4.3.0]nonadiene skeleton compared to the norbornene derivatives obtained from path 2. Activation and reaction energy values for these Diels-Alder reaction pathways are compared with the values reported for the [4+2] cyclodimerizations of each of the reactants to examine the likelihood of cyclodimerizations along these pathways. 相似文献
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Irina Odinets Tamás Körtvélyesi Tamás Kégl László Kollár György Keglevich 《Transition Metal Chemistry》2007,32(3):299-303
In the series of 1-(2,4,6-trialkylphenyl-)3-methyl-1H-phospholes (1a–c) that are to a certain extent of aromaticity, only the isopropyl substituted one (1a) entered into reaction with dimeric (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium dichloride to afford Rh(III) complex (2a) in a reversible manner. After a careful workup, (2a) could be prepared and characterized whose stereostructure was elucidated by B3LYP/3–21G*, B3LYP/6–31G* and LANL2DZ calculations.
Complex (2a) as a preformed catalyst, as well as the Rh(acac)(CO)2 + 2(1a) in situ catalytic system were useful in the hydroformylation of styrene and gave the branched aldehyde in regioselectivities of 65–96%. 相似文献
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Most science educators say that practical work is an essential part of science education.As regards chemistry,a recent IUPAC reprot endorses this …education in chemstry must have an ineluctable experimental component”。 相似文献
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Bernd Becker 《Journal of carbohydrate chemistry》2013,32(3):253-284
1. INTRODUCTION Conjugate addition reactions are widely used synthetic tools in general organic chemistry,1 and starting in the early 1960s they were introduced into carbohydrate chemistry. Since then a considerable number of publications have described the utilisation of different types of conjugate addition reactions in the field of carbohydrate chemistry but to date this area has not been reviewed. 相似文献
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Introduction Cation-πinteractions have come to be appreciated as an important noncovalent binding force in many areas of modern chemistry, such as material design, molecular biology, host-guest and supramolecular chemistry[1-3]. 相似文献