基于Omega涡识别方法的诱导轮内非定常空化流动分析

为精确捕捉诱导轮中空化的行为特征并揭示其非定常流动机理,采用大涡模拟(LES)对一凝水泵诱导轮在设计工况、临界空化数下单独进行数值分析。基于Omega涡识别方法,对诱导轮内空化流动的流动结构及空化泡的关系进行研究。结果表明,Omega涡识别技术可以很好反映流动结构(剪切流与旋转流)与空化泡的关系：设计流量、临界空化数下,诱导轮叶片入口附近空化泡主要集中在轮缘附近的回流区内,回流区内部流动主要以剪切流的形式存在;而在流道中的回流区内流动主要以旋转运动为主,且空化泡主要集中在回流区与主流的剪切层区。     

用直接模拟法分析量子阱半导体激光器瞬态响应

根据光增益与载流子密度的对数关系,通过适应于多量子阱激光器的速率方程的直接模拟分析,得到了注入电流、阱数和腔长对多量子阱激光器的激射阈值、开关延迟时间、弛豫振荡频率和光输出等参量之间的依赖关系.运用相图确立了在瞬态过程中,载流子数密度和光子数密度之间的转化过程.从而为改善量子阱激光器的高频调制特性以及优化设计器件结构参数提供了理论依据.     

用直接模拟法分析量子阱半导体激光器瞬态响应

根据光增益与载流子密度的对数关系 ,通过适应于多量子阱激光器的速率方程的直接模拟分析 ,得到了注入电流、阱数和腔长对多量子阱激光器的激射阈值、开关延迟时间、弛豫振荡频率和光输出等参量之间的依赖关系 .运用相图确立了在瞬态过程中 ,载流子数密度和光子数密度之间的转化过程 .从而为改善量子阱激光器的高频调制特性以及优化设计器件结构参数提供了理论依据     

数值模拟激光加载L_2铝板材高速成形瞬态响应

采用ABAQUS有限元仿真软件对激光加载L2铝板材高速成形进行数值模拟,研究了单脉冲激光冲击下成形的瞬态响应过程,获得了激光加载冲击成形过程中位移、速度、应变及应变率等特征量的变化特点.模拟表明,冲击后靶材中心区域发生明显塑性变形,变形截面呈锥形.高速成形过程中,金属板材首先发生振荡幅度非常大的快速弹性变形,其后进入减幅振荡直至静态,激光冲击成形时间在毫秒量级.板材不同节点的位移变化趋势相同,靠近中心区域位移大,边界区域位移小.成形中板材的中心区域速度最大达3 700m/s,变形过程前2μs内应变率急剧变化,最大达104~105 s-1量级.     

CH4/O2/N2层流火焰瞬态响应特性数值分析

用数值分析方法研究CH₄/O₂/N₂层流扩散火焰的瞬态响应特性.采用详细的GRI-Mech 3.0机理(包含53种组分,325个基元反应)描述CH₄氧化和NO_x生成.首先比较火焰面稳态结构的计算结果和实验数据,以验证数值方法的可靠性.用台阶跃变的火焰拉伸率来模拟瞬态流场对火焰面局部结构的影响,给出了火焰面结构(温度、组分浓度)的瞬态响应曲线,分析了火焰面的响应特性.着重探讨了不同拉伸率跃变幅度对响应特性的影响,发现火焰面的响应对于拉伸率正向跃变和负向跃变并不对称,而是相反,且在小的拉伸率跃变范围内火焰面响应时间和拉伸率跃变幅度近似成反比关系.另外,温度的平均响应时间远大于一个典型湍流燃烧场的流动时间尺度,说明火焰面非稳态效应对于湍流燃烧数值模拟有重要意义.     

严重段塞流现象与立管顶部节流的瞬态模拟

在对严重段塞流现象实验研究的基础上,本文采用OLGA软件建立了实验系统的瞬态模型,对水平段长度为114 m,下倾段长度为133 m,立管高度为15.3 m,内径为50.8 mm的集输-立管系统中的严重段塞流现象进行了数值研究,给出了相应流型图,并将立管底部压力、立管顶部持液率、段塞周期等严重段塞流特性参数的模拟结果与实验结果进行了对比;本文还对控制严重段塞流现象的立管顶部节流法进行了模拟研究,并与实验结果进行了对比。研究发现,本文的瞬态模型能够较好地模拟出实验中发现的四类流型,但对严重段塞流详细特性参数的模拟不够准确,对顶部节流的模拟与实验结果相差较大,对顶部节流法消除严重段塞流的机理仍需进一步研究。     

封闭声腔的结构-声耦合的瞬态响应及固有特性分析的时域有限体积法

基于波动理论,采用时域有限体积法(TDFVM)研究封闭声腔结构-声耦合问题的瞬态响应及固有特性。该方法在结构与流体区域分别求解结构动力学方程与非均匀介质中的声波动方程,根据流固分界面上的力平衡与质点振速连续条件实现结构-声耦合。通过数值算例验证方法的正确性和精确性,在此基础上研究封闭声腔结构与空气耦合的瞬态响应及固有特性,分析水深变化对耦合系统声振特性和固有特性的影响。结果表明,随着水深的增加,结构与水的耦合会更加强烈,导致耦合系统的特征频率降低,同时空气腔深度的减小,导致声腔的部分固有频率增加。该法对计算机内存要求低,且可以考虑含有非均匀流体的结构-声耦合。     

钨材料在瞬态高热流冲击下热结构响应过程模拟和分析

采用有限元分析软件ANSYS模拟了面对等离子体钨材料在聚变瞬态高热流加载和卸载过程中的温度和应力分布以及演化过程,并结合材料力学性能对热冲击开裂行为进行了分析和讨论。结果表明,在瞬态热流下,钨的单次热冲击开裂阈值约200MW•m^–2 (~5ms)、460MW•m^–2 (~1ms)和660MW•m^–2(~0.5ms),其临界热流因子(14.14~14.75MW•m^–2•s^1/2)也基本一致。     

基于WLP-FDTD方法的传输线瞬态分析与计算

利用加权拉盖尔多项式-时域有限差分方法（WLP-FDTD）对高速电路中非均匀传输线进行瞬态分析和计算.根据传输线等效电路模型的电报方程,采用拉盖尔基函数展开电流电压表达式,并利用其正交性,避免了稳定约束条件进而得到方程的解.与传统的时域有限差分方法（FDTD）相比,提出的方法分离了时间和空间变量,不受稳定条件的约束,在对传输线离散段数较多时,具有较高的计算速率.仿真结果表明在传输线的分析中采用WLPFDTD比FDTD的效率更高,最后开发了基于WLP-FDTD多根传输线的仿真软件.     

ADS瞬态分析中的概率论-确定论耦合方法

针对加速器驱动次临界系统(ADS)瞬态问题,采用预估校正改进准静态方法(PCQS)处理时空中子动力学方程中的时间自变量,采用蒙特卡罗方法处理相应的空间-角度-能量自变量,重点解决了低次临界度下模拟计算不稳定的问题,验证了TWGIL-Seed-Blanket动力学基准问题和小型模拟ADS问题,得到瞬态过程的功率变化结果,与基于其他方法的程序比较,经初步验证取得了较好结果,证明了该耦合方法可行。     

新型维氏起电机的研制与分析

维氏起电机使用过程中,必须顺时针摇动手柄才能使得放电杆之间产生火花放电现象,逆时针摇动手柄不能放电. 针对该问题对实验仪器进行了改进,以达到顺时针或逆时针摇动手柄后都能起电的目的,并剖析了维氏起电机的起电机理,对相关问题作了深入的分析和研究.     

Combined dynamic stiffness matrix and precise time integration method for transient forced vibration response analysis of beams

A method has been developed for determining the transient response of a beam. The beam is divided into several continuous Timoshenko beam elements. The overall dynamic stiffness matrix is assembled in turn. Using Leung's equation, we derive the overall mass and stiffness matrices which are more suitable for response analysis than the overall dynamic stiffness matrix. The forced vibration of the beam is computed by the precise time integration method. Three illustrative beams are discussed to evaluate the performance of the current method. Solutions calculated by the finite element method and theoretical analysis are also enumerated for comparison. In these examples, we have found that the current method can solve the forced vibration of structures with a higher precision.     

On the dynamic response at the wheel axle of a pneumatic tire

A method for calculating the steady state displacement response and force transmission at the wheel axle of a pneumatic tire-suspension system due to a steady state force or displacement excitation at the tire to ground contact point is developed. The method requires the frequency responses (or receptances)_of both tire-wheel and suspension units. The frequency response of the tire-wheel unit is obtained by using the modal expansion method. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of the tire-wheel unit are obtained by using a geometrically non-linear, ring type, thin shell finite element of laminate composite. The frequency response of the suspension unit is obtained analytically. These frequency responses are used to calculate the force-input and the displacement-input responses at the wheel axle. This method allows the freedom of designing a vehicle and its tires independently and still achieving optimum dynamic performance.     

Three-dimensional analysis for transient coupled thermoelastic response of a functionally graded rectangular plate

The generalized coupled thermoelasticity based on the Lord-Shulman theory is considered to study the transient thermoelastic response of functionally graded rectangular plates. The state equations of functionally graded rectangular plate subjected to time-dependent thermal loads were established by using of state space approach, in which three displacement components, three stress components, the temperature and the heat flux were chosen as state variables. By giving simply supported boundary conditions and assuming that the material properties of the plate have an exponential law distribution along the thickness-coordinate, the equations were solved by the numerical Laplace transformations and shooting methods for transient thermal responses of a three dimensional functionally graded rectangular plate due to a thermal shock on its top surface. Effects of the volume fraction distributions of material constituents on the thermal responses, including the temperature change, the displacement and the stresses distributions were investigated.     

低频位相误差新校正方法模拟研究

 就多程放大系统中产生的低频位相噪声，提出用位相补偿反射镜来进行补偿的静态校正方法。用随机位相屏模拟光学元件产生的低频位相噪声，建立光传输模拟模型，引入等效位相片的概念，将数个光学元件对位相的影响简化为等效位相片，在此基础上对位相补偿反射镜的校正原理进行阐述。进而对双程光路校正过程进行了模拟研究，得到了很好的校正效果。     

Railway wheel fault diagnosis using a fuzzy-logic method

A simple method for diagnosis of railway wheel defects using fuzzy-logic is proposed. The method is based on vibration measurements at different train speeds on healthy wheels and wheels with defects known a priori. The measured vibrations are statistically analyzed and confidence intervals for healthy and defective wheels depending on train speed and frequency of analysis are established. To facilitate the implementation of the method a fuzzy-logic is adopted. The fuzzy-logic model stores the obtained experience in a database and performs the decision making on damage extent and consequently the need of preventive maintenance. In view of the obtained results, the advantages and the limitations of the proposed approach as well as suggestions for further improvements are presented and discussed.     

Simulation of dynamic speckle sequences and its application to the analysis of transient processes

Dynamic speckle has been used in recent years to analyse several transient processes that are produced in industrial and biological applications. We present here a numerical simulation to generate a temporal sequence of dynamic speckle patterns which is based on a model used for speckle formation by the superposition of waves from discrete scattering centres. It is demonstrated that the first and second statistics of the intensity of each speckle image, the time history of the speckle pattern, the temporal evolution of the correlation coefficient, and the power spectral density of the intensity generated by the proposed model reproduce quite well those obtained from experimentally recorded data. The process of a fast drying paint is presented as an example of the application of the proposed numerical model.     

Real-time analysis of nonlinear transient response of weakly confined excitons

By means of the nonlocal transient-response theory, we elucidate the characteristics of the femtosecond transient response of thin films with a thickness beyond the long wavelength approximation (LWA) regime. In this regime, the contribution of higher excitonic states with a nondipole-type spatial structure becomes dominant and the interplay between the spatial structures of excitonic wavefunction and the radiation field plays an important role, causing an anomalous enhancement of nonlinear signal at specific size-energy resonant conditions. In addition, in the femtosecond pulse excitation, the interference of the signals from the multiple excitonic states, which are excited simultaneously by the incident pulse with a wide spectral width, can generate a greater diversity of optical response than expected by the steady-state analysis. This suggests the possibility that we can control the optical function of the nano-materials by the selective excitation of the aimed excitonic states using the laser pulse. This study serves as a theoretical basis for the nonlinear transient response by ultrashort pulse excitation of excitons confined in nano-structures.