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在三乙胺催化下,以己二酸和环氧树脂制备了己二酸改性环氧树脂(AAEP),通过考察反应温度等因素对己二酸转化率和AAEP环氧值的影响,得到了AAEP合成的最佳条件.用傅里叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振对AAEP进行了表征.用KOH中和AAEP得到己二酸改性环氧树脂钾盐(AAEPK),测试了AAEPK乳液的性质和AAEPK处理后碳纤维的分散性,并通过场发射扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱对碳纤维的表面形貌和基团进行了研究.结果表明,AAEPK具有高亲水性,适用于碳纤维处理剂,当AAEPK的浓度和吸附量分别为1.0%(质量分数)和3.0 mg/g时,处理剂可在纤维表面均匀分布,使得碳纤维在树脂基体中的分散性得到改善.研究了处理剂对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料弯曲和剪切性能的影响,发现处理后碳纤维短丝/环氧树脂复合材料的弯曲强度和碳纤维布/环氧树脂复合材料的层间剪切强度较未处理的试样分别增加了168%和113%,说明AAEPK处理后碳纤维在基体中分散性和黏结性的提高是碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能提高的主要原因. 相似文献
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采用正电子湮没寿命谱技术研究了尼龙6/碳纳米管纳米复合材料的自由体积特性。实验结果发现碳纳米管对纳米复合材料的自由体积孔洞尺寸影响甚微,而自由体积孔洞数目和相对自由体积分数均随碳纳米管含量的增加而明显减小。导致这种减小的原因可能来自两方面,其一是由于碳纳米管和基质聚合物间的相互作用限制了高分子链段运动;其二是碳纳米管填充增强了尼龙6基体结晶性能。此外,力学性能研究表明,碳纳米管在复合材料中较均匀的分散和较好的界面接触可以提高材料的力学强度,而自由体积分数的减小则使材料的韧性变差。 相似文献
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《化学研究与应用》2016,(9)
采用聚酯纤维布与碳纤维、Kevlar纤维分别混杂增强环氧树脂,制备满足油田开发的可钻桥塞用高性能复合材料。分别采用液体芳胺(DETDA)与固体芳胺(DDM)作为固化剂,两种材料有着相近的玻璃化转变温度和力学强度。以DETDA固化的树脂基体中,活性环氧稀释剂用量增加,拉伸强度变化不大,但材料的弹性模量在10%稀释剂用量时,达到最大值;树脂交联密度1000/Mc为2.35时,材料的模量和拉伸强度都处于相对较大值。聚酯纤维/Kevlar纤维和聚酯纤维/碳纤维混杂增强环氧树脂复合材料的模量和强度,分别随着Kevlar纤维和碳纤维含量的增加而增加,有碳纤维的复合材料拉伸强度增加较大,断裂伸长率相对较小。实验显示:聚酯纤维混杂增强复合材料具有较好的可钻性,在钻压为1.5吨,钻速为32转/分的条件下,磨铣速度为4 mm·min~(-1)。 相似文献
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《高分子学报》2015,(9)
以负载定量聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)的尼龙无纺布为插层材料,采用共固化工艺制备了碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料,并系统研究了其力学和阻尼性能.测试了复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲模量、层间剪切强度、Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型断裂韧性等力学性能,并通过动态力学分析仪测试了复合材料的储能模量、损耗模量和损耗因子的温度谱,采用单悬臂梁自由振动实验研究了其阻尼减振性能.与此同时,采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜等分析了复合材料微观结构,进而研究了阻尼机理.结果表明,在复合材料层间插入负载PVDF的尼龙无纺布能在不引起力学性能明显下降的前提下,显著提高复合材料的阻尼性能和断裂韧性.其基本阻尼机理是在共固化过程中热塑性插层材料在复合材料的层间形成了具有较高损耗因子的富树脂区,使损耗因子提高150%,而力学性能基本保持不变. 相似文献
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为了提高氟橡胶的耐磨性和耐低温性能,以硅橡胶与氟橡胶并用作为基相,偶联剂处理的碳纤维为增强相制备了碳纤维/硅橡胶/氟橡胶复合材料,研究了偶联剂种类及其用量对复合材料力学性能的影响,通过红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱证明偶联剂与碳纤维和橡胶基体发生了偶联作用,通过原子力显微镜和红外光谱成像对复合材料的表面形貌和相组成进行表征,通过动态热机械分析和热重分析研究复合材料的热性能。结果表明:偶联剂与碳纤维和氟/硅并用胶发生了交联反应,当选取2份KH590时复合材料的综合力学性能最佳,与氟橡胶相比,KH590/碳纤维/硅橡胶/氟橡胶复合材料的磨耗由0.0314cm~3·km~(-1)降低为0.0218cm~3·km~(-1),玻璃化转变温度由-20℃降低为-30℃,初始分解温度由231℃升高到304℃。 相似文献
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采用一步固相煅烧工艺制备了碳纳米管原位封装Ni3S2纳米颗粒(Ni3S2@CNT),并研究了其作为钠离子电池(SIBs)负极材料的电化学性能. 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、循环伏安测试、恒流充放电以及交流阻抗等研究了Ni3S2@CNT的物相结构、形貌特征以及电化学性能. 电化学测试表明,材料在100 mA·g -1电流密度下,放电容量可以达到541.6 mAh·g -1,甚至在2000 mA·g -1的大电流密度下其放电比容量也可以维持在274.5 mAh·g -1. 另外,材料在100 mA·g -1电流密度下,经过120周充放电循环后其放电和充电比容量仍然可以保持在374.5 mAh·g -1和359.3 mAh·g -1,说明其具有良好倍率性能和循环稳定性能. 良好的电化学性能归因于这种独特的碳纳米管原位封装Ni3S2纳米颗粒结构. 碳纳米管不但可以提高复合材料的导电性,也可以缓冲Ni3S2纳米颗粒在反复充放电过程中产生的体积膨胀效应,明显改善了Ni3S2@CNT负极复合材料的电化学性能. 相似文献
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G. Szebényi G. Romhány B. Vajna T. Czvikovszky 《Radiation Physics and Chemistry》2012,81(9):1383-1388
A small amount — less than 0.5% — carbon nanotube reinforcement may improve the mechanical properties of epoxy based composite materials significantly. The basic technical problem on one side is the dispersion of the nanotubes into the viscous matrix resin, namely, the fine powder-like — less than 100 nanometer diameter — nanotubes are prone to form aggregates. On the other side, the good connection between the nanofiber and matrix, which is determining the success of the reinforcement, requires some efficient adhesion promoting treatment. The goal of our research was to give one such treatment capable of industrial size application.A two step curing epoxy/vinylester resin process technology has been developed where the epoxy component has been cured conventionally, while the vinylester has been cured by electron treatment afterwards. The sufficient irradiation dose has been selected according to Raman spectroscopy characterization. Using the developed hybrid resin system hybrid composites containing carbon fibers and multiwalled carbon nanotubes have been prepared.The effect of the electron beam induced curing of the vinylester resin on the mechanical properties of the composites has been characterized by three point bending and interlaminar shear tests, which showed clearly the superiority of the developed resin system. The results of the mechanical tests have been supported by AFM studies of the samples, which showed that the difference in the viscoelastic properties of the matrix constituents decreased significantly by the electron beam treatment. 相似文献
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功能化碳纳米管的电磁性能研究及进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
碳纳米管是最近发展起来的一种结构独特,性能优异的新材料,已成为当今物理、化学、材料等领域共同关注的课题.而碳纳米管的功能化更是为我们开辟了一个广阔的研究领域.本文总结了近十多年来功能化碳纳米管的研究进展,并侧重对功能化碳管的合成方法及电磁特性以及应用进行了评述. 相似文献
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Otto Vohler Peter-Ludwig Reiser Renato Martina Dieter Overhoff 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》1970,9(6):414-425
A number of novel carbon materials whose unique properties fit them for many uses have recently been developed. Pyrolytic graphites are excellent conductors of heat and electricity parallel to the surface, whereas they are semiconductors perpendicular to the surface. A similar anisotropy is found in graphite foils, which are impermeable, but also very flexible. Glasslike carbon, which is also impermeable, is, however, completely isotropic. Carbon foams and felts are extremely light and exhibit very good thermal insulation up to high temperatures. In addition to very high strength, carbon fibers have values of Young's modulus greater than that of any other fibers or wires. Carbon fiber/resin composites are therefore more rigid than any other known materials; their specific Young's modulus is five times that of steel. 相似文献
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碳纤维三向织物/环氧树脂复合材料的制备与力学性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选择不同纱线间距[即二经(纬)纱之间的中心距]尺寸的碳纤维三向织物,采用热压成型技术制备了碳纤维三向织物/环氧树脂复合材料.研究了纱线间距及样品裁剪角度等对力学性能的影响,并与碳纤维二向织物/环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能进行对比.结果表明,随着纱线间距尺寸从2 mm增加到6 mm,0°方向断裂强度从221. 7 MPa下降到148. 1 MPa,撕裂强力从1000 N下降到600 N; 90°方向断裂强度从50. 0MPa下降到22. 1 MPa,撕裂强力从330 N下降到100 N;顶破强力从424 N下降到216 N.这些力学性能的逐渐降低是单位面积的碳纤维增强体含量减少和织物的孔洞增大共同作用的结果.纱线间距为2 mm的碳纤维三向织物复合材料在0°(以纬纱为基准),30°,45°,60°和90°方向的断裂强度分别为221. 7,48. 5,44. 3,227. 7和50. 0 MPa,即断裂强度在0°和60°方向大于在30°,45°及90°方向.由三向织物的编织原理可知,0°与60°方向完全相同,因此其断裂强度相似,且样品中有一组纱线与外加载荷平行,对形变破坏具有一定的约束作用,而... 相似文献
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Bekyarova E Thostenson ET Yu A Kim H Gao J Tang J Hahn HT Chou TW Itkis ME Haddon RC 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2007,23(7):3970-3974
We report an approach to the development of advanced structural composites based on engineered multiscale carbon nanotube-carbon fiber reinforcement. Electrophoresis was utilized for the selective deposition of multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on woven carbon fabric. The CNT-coated carbon fabric panels were subsequently infiltrated with epoxy resin using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) to fabricate multiscale hybrid composites in which the nanotubes were completely integrated into the fiber bundles and reinforced the matrix-rich regions. The carbon nanotube/carbon fabric/epoxy composites showed approximately 30% enhancement of the interlaminar shear strength as compared to that of carbon fiber/epoxy composites without carbon nanotubes and demonstrate significantly improved out-of-plane electrical conductivity. 相似文献
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以双酚A二缩水甘油醚(DGEBA)环氧树脂(Epoxy Resin,EP)为基体、甲基六氢苯酐(MHHPA)为固化剂、以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为添加剂制备了环氧树脂/碳纳米管纳米复合材料。通过对微观结构、玻璃化转变温度(Tg)、热失重、热导率和锥形量热测试结果分析,研究了质量分数少于1.5%的MWCNTs对环氧树脂的导热和阻燃性能影响,结果表明,MWCNTs质量分数为1.5%时,复合材料发生团聚;纳米复合材料随着MWCNTs质量分数的增加Tg值先增加后降低;失重5%时,对应的温度先增加后降低,残炭量增加;样品的热导率呈现先升高后降低的趋势,当MWCNTs质量分数为1%时,复合材料的热导率最大;MWCNTs加入后环氧树脂的总释热量减少,释烟量增加,阻燃性得到一定程度的提高。 相似文献
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With increasing interest in epoxy‐based carbon fiber composites for structural applications, it is important to improve the fire resistant properties of these materials. The fire resistant performance of these materials can be improved either by using high performance epoxy resin for manufacturing carbon fiber composite or by protecting the previously used epoxy‐based composite with some fire resistant coating. In this context, work is carried out to evaluate the fire resistance performance of recently emerged high performance polybenzimidazole (PBI) when used as a coating material. Furthermore, the effect of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on fire resistant properties of inherently flame retardant PBI coating was studied. Thermogravimetric analysis of carbon/epoxy composite, unfilled PBI and nano‐filled PBI shows that the carbon/epoxy composite maintained its thermal stability up to a temperature of 400°C and afterwards showed a large decrease in mass, while both unfilled PBI and nano‐filled PBI have shown thermal stability up to a temperature of 575°C corresponding to only 11% weight loss. Cone calorimeter test results show that unfilled PBI coating did not improve the fire retardant performance of carbon/epoxy composite. Conversely, nano‐filled PBI coating has shown a significant improvement in fire retardant performance of the carbon/epoxy composite in terms of increased ignition time, reduced average and peak heat release rate and reduced smoke and carbon monoxide emission. These results indicate that addition of carbon nanofibers to inherently flame retardant coating can significantly be helpful for improving the fire resistance performance of composite materials even with low coating thickness. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献