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采用连续共沉淀和喷雾干燥相结合的方法制备了微球形 Fe 基催化剂, 采用 N2 吸附-脱附、X 射线衍射和穆斯堡尔谱等手段, 考察了催化剂在不同还原条件下铁物相的转变, 并在浆态床反应器中评价了催化剂的费-托合成 (FTS) 反应性能. 结果表明, Fe 基催化剂在合成气气氛下首先从α-Fe2O3 转变为 Fe3O4, 然后转变为铁碳化物 (FexC); 还原压力的增大有利于 α-Fe2O3 向 Fe3O4 的转变, 而抑制 Fe3O4 向 FexC 的转变; 还原空速的增加则促进 Fe3O4 转变为 FexC. 催化剂的 FTS 反应活性随着催化剂中 Fe3O4 含量的增加而逐渐下降, 而随着 FexC 含量的增加而逐渐上升. 相似文献
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还原气氛对钴锆共沉淀催化剂结构和费托合成反应性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用程序升温还原、氮吸附、原位X射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电镜等方法研究了不同还原气氛对钴锆共沉淀催化剂结构的影响,并考察了催化剂上费托合成反应的性能.结果表明,H2还原对催化剂的破坏程度较小,活性相主要是面心立方钴;CO还原导致催化剂发生积碳,催化剂中出现面心立方钴和六方钴的混晶;合成气还原使催化剂烧结严重,单质钴以面心立方和六方两种晶相存在.费托合成反应结果表明,CO还原后催化剂没有催化性能,H2还原与合成气还原后催化剂的催化活性相差不大,但前者CH4选择性较低. 相似文献
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考察了 Ru 助剂 (0.17%?9.96%) 对 Co/SiO2 催化剂结构及其费托合成反应性能的影响. 结果表明, Ru 助剂可降低 Co/SiO2 催化剂的还原温度, 从而提高其还原度. 光电子能谱和扩展 X 吸收射线精细结构研究表明, 即使 Ru 含量高达 9.96%, 在 Co/SiO2 催化剂焙烧过程中也未观察到 Ru 物种与 Co 物种作用形成的化合物. 还原后催化剂中 Ru 趋向于与 Co 物种紧密接触且分散在催化剂表面. H2 程序升温脱附结果表明, 随着 Ru 含量的增加, 位于反应温度附近的 H2 脱附峰面积增加, 即此时催化剂吸附 H2 能力提高, 因此反应活性单调增加, 但存在最佳 Ru 含量, 此时 C5+选择性最高. 相似文献
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用共沉淀法制备了一系列不同硅含量的铁基催化剂,采用N2吸附和原位X射线衍射对催化剂进行了表征,在固定床反应器中考察了催化剂的费-托合成反应活性、选择性和稳定性.结果表明,含硅的催化剂具有较大的比表面积和较小的平均孔径,在CO还原及费-托合成反应中生成的碳化铁物种的稳定性比不含硅的催化剂高.在费-托合成反应中,不含硅的催化剂具有较高的初始活性,但易失活;含硅的催化剂具有较低的初始活性,但稳定性较高.Fe7C3是活性最高的碳化铁物种.随着硅含量的增加,催化剂的费-托合成反应更易生成低碳数产物. 相似文献
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以ZrOCl2·6H2O和AlCl3为原料,采用共沉淀方法制得一系列不同ZrO2质量分数的ZrO2-Al2O3混合氧化物载体;并以该混合氧化物为载体,采用初湿浸渍法制得钴质量分数为12%的Co/ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂。XRD、NH3-TPD、TPR和原位IR等表征结果表明,随着混合载体中ZrO2质量分数的增加,载体比表面积先增加后减少,混合载体的平均孔径则小于单一氧化物ZrO2和Al2O3的平均孔径。ZrO2和Al2O3载体混合后会导致氧化物的比表面积和酸性增大并且有新的物相生成。当混合氧化物用作载体时,能够抑制载体表面金属钴的分散,改变催化剂的还原行为,降低催化剂对CO物种的吸附能力。CO加氢反应表明,与单一金属氧化物相比,钴负载ZrO2-Al2O3混合氧化物催化剂的加氢活性和重质烃选择性有所降低。 相似文献
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固定床反应器中添加CO2对费托合成反应的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用固定床反应器研究了Fe-Mn催化剂上原料气中添加CO2对费托合成反应的影响.结果表明,在533K与反应总压为1.50MPa时,大量CO2的添加使得生成CO2的选择性迅速降低,烃的生成速率降低,烃的收率也有所降低,产物向轻组分方向偏移,有机含氧化合物的生成速率降低;在593K与合成气(H2 CO)分压为1.50MPa时,随着CO2分压的增加,CO消耗速率变化不大,而烃的生成速率缓慢升高,烃的收率有所升高,CO2的生成速率缓慢降低,H2O的生成速率明显加快.由于CO2的添加,促使水煤气变换反应向逆反应方向进行,降低了催化剂表面氢物种浓度,抑制了加氢反应,低碳烃的烯/烷比有所增大,同时提高了重质烃的选择性,且随着CO2分压的增加,有机含氧化合物的生成速率呈上升的趋势. 相似文献
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Ju Li SHEN Hua Zhang LIU Xiao Nian LI Weng Feng HAN Yi Fan ZHENG 《中国化学快报》2005,16(10):1393-1396
The effect of the precursor composition of fused iron catalyst on the performance of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was investigated. XRD, BET and CO2 adsorption experiments were carried out to provide better insight into the relationship therein. The results showed that the selectivity of C5+ hydrocarbon products was dependent on the mole ratio of Fe^2+/Fe^3+, which was represented by a hump-shaped curve. Catalysts with precursors containing Fe3O4 phase favored the magnetite spinal formation during F-T reaction, while Fe(1-x)O-based catalysts were more likely to favor the formation and growth of the iron carbide crystals. 相似文献
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低温高活性熔铁催化剂上的超临界相费托合成反应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在固定床反应器中超临界相条件下研究了熔铁催化剂上的费托合成反应,发现在超临界介质中反应物和产物更容易扩散,较好地抑制了催化剂表面非活性碳的沉积,从而提高了费托合成反应中的CO转化率和烯烃选择性,增加了链增长因子,降低了甲烷选择性.同时,考察了超临界介质、反应温度、压力、H2/CO比和空速等条件对费托合成反应的影响.结果表明,C5-8正构烷烃在催化剂活性温度下都是适宜的超临界介质.当温度和压力都在介质的临界点以上时,介质表现出较好的传质与传热性能,可改善费托合成反应性能. 相似文献
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采用连续共沉淀方法制备了无定形Fe-Cu-K-SiO2催化剂,利用连续共沉淀与喷雾干燥成型技术相结合的方法制备了不同粒径的微球形Fe-Cu-K-SiO2催化剂.在接近反应工况的条件下对催化剂进行了浆态床费-托合成(FTS)反应性能评价,并对催化剂进行了物性表征.表征结果表明,无定形催化剂没有规整的外形和均一的粒径分布,微球形催化剂的表面光滑,球形度好,颗粒分布均匀.浆态床FTS反应评价结果表明,尽管无定形催化剂的初活性及最高活性较高,但蜡产物与催化剂的在线分离困难;随着成型时平均粒径的增大,微球形催化剂的活性降低,但失活速率减慢,烃产物选择性向轻组分方向偏移,容易实现蜡产物与催化剂的在线分离. 相似文献
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在传统F-T合成(Fischer-Tropsch synthesis)中,烃类产物受到Anderson-Schulz-Flory (ASF)方程的控制,这使得烃类产物分布宽,不具有选择性。因此,如何突破ASF产物分布控制,实现以合成气为原料,高选择性合成特定碳数范围内的烃类产品是F-T合成研究领域中的前沿和热点之一。本文以钴基负载型催化剂的活性中心和载体孔结构与F-T合成产物分布之间的关联为探讨重点,综述了这一领域的最新研究成果。 相似文献
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Effects of the ratio of Fe to Co over Fe-Co/SiO2 bimetallic catalysts on their catalytic performance for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis 下载免费PDF全文
The Fe-Co/SiO2 bimetallic catalysts with different ratios of Fe to Co were prepared by aqueous incipient wetness impregnation. The catalysts of 10%Fe:0%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe:6%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe:2%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe: 10%Co/SiO2, 6%Fe: 10%Co/SiO2, 2%Fe: 10%Co/SiO2 and 0%Fe: 10%Co/SiO2 by mass were tested in a fixed reactor by the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Activity and hydrocarbon distribution were found to be determined by the ratio of iron to cobalt of the catalysts. Higher iron content inhibited the activity, whereas higher cobalt content enhanced the activity of the Fe-Co/SiO2 catalysts. On the other hand, for the catalysts of 10%Fe:6%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe: 10%Co/SiO2, 6%Fe: 10%Co/SiO2, and 2%Fe: 10%Co/SiO2, the total C2-C4 fraction increased (from 10.65% to 26.78%) and C5+ fraction decreased (from 75.75% to 57.63%) at 523 K. Temperature programmed reduction revealed that the addition of cobalt enhanced the reducibility of the Fe-Co/SiO2 catalyst. Metal oxides were present in those catalysts as shown by XRD. The Fe-Co alloy phase was found in the 2%Fe: 10%Co/SiO2, 6%Fe: 10%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe:10%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe:6%Co/SiO2 catalysts and their crystals were perfect. 相似文献
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The Fe-Co/SiO2 bimetallic catalysts with different ratios of Fe to Co were prepared by aqueous incipient wetness impregnation. The catalysts
of 10%Fe:0%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe:6%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe:2%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe:10%Co/SiO2, 6%Fe:10%Co/SiO2, 2%Fe:10%Co/SiO2 and 0%Fe:
10%Co/SiO2 by mass were tested in a fixed reactor by the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Activity and hydrocarbon distribution were found to be
determined by the ratio of iron to cobalt of the catalysts. Higher iron content inhibited the activity, whereas higher cobalt content enhanced
the activity of the Fe:Co/SiO2 catalysts. On the other hand, for the catalysts of 10%Fe:6%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe:10%Co/SiO2, 6%Fe:10%Co/SiO2,
and 2%Fe:10%Co/SiO2, the total C2–C4 fraction increased (from 10.65% to 26.78%) and C5+ fraction decreased (from 75.75% to 57.63%)
at 523 K. Temperature programmed reduction revealed that the addition of cobalt enhanced the reducibility of the Fe:Co/SiO2 catalyst. Metal
oxides were present in those catalysts as shown by XRD. The Fe-Co alloy phase was found in the 2%Fe:10%Co/SiO2, 6%Fe:10%Co/SiO2,
10%Fe:10%Co/SiO2, 10%Fe:6%Co/SiO2 catalysts and their crystals were perfect. 相似文献
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2%Fe-10%Co/SiO2 catalysts with different potassium or zirconium loadings were prepared by aqueous incipient wetness impregnation and tested for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a flow reactor, using H2/CO = 1.6 (molar ratio) in the feed, under the condition of an overall pressure of 1 MPa, GHSV of 600 h−1 and temperature of 503 K. The zirconium and potassium promoters remarkably influenced hydrocarbon distribution of the products. CO conversion increased on the catalysts with the increase of zirconium loadings, which indicated that zirconium enhanced the activity of iron-cobalt catalysts. Low potassium loadings also enhanced the activity of the catalysts. However, high potassium loading made CO conversion on the catalysts decrease and weakened the secondary hydrogenations. The catalyst was characterized by BET, XRD and TPR. The catalyst characterization revealed that the Co3O4 phase was presented on the fresh catalyst, whereas the spinel phase of Fe-Co alloy and CoO existed on the used catalyst. 相似文献
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La2O3助剂对Co/AC催化剂上费-托合成反应性能的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过改变稀土助剂La2O3的负载量,考察了La2O3助剂对活性炭负载Co基催化剂(Co/AC)上费-托合成性能的影响,并通过XRD, SEM, TPR和CO-TPD对催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明, La2O3的加入可提高催化剂的活性,降低产物中甲烷的选择性. 对于15%Co/AC催化剂,加入少量的La2O3(w(La)=0.7%~1.7%)可使CO转化率从27%升高到56%, 甲烷选择性从16.5%下降到7.8%,C5+选择性从55.4%升高到74.7%; 但加入过多的La2O3(w(La)=8.1%~12.4%)时,甲烷选择性反而升高. XRD和SEM结果表明, La2O3的加入提高了催化剂中Co的分散度. TPR和CO-TPD结果表明, La2O3与Co之间存在着相互作用,并使催化剂的还原度下降,尤其是La2O3负载量高的催化剂还原度下降更加明显,导致Co/AC催化剂上CO的高温吸附量的增加. 相似文献
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