由4',4'-二羟基-2-甲酸－三苯基甲烷及其衍生物制备高碳超支化芳香聚酯

合成了一系列含羟基和乙酰氧基的超支化聚酯，将4',4'二羟基-2-甲酸－三 苯基甲烷（酚酞啉）直接缩聚和将4~＇,4~＂-二羟基-2-甲酸－三苯基甲烷进行酯 交换反应都成功得到了超支化聚酯，以PS作标准物，由GPC测得的重均分子量为 2000到8000，~13C NMR测试表明聚合物支化度略高于50%，聚酯的玻璃化转变温度 依赖于末端和侧基官能团类型，该超支化聚酯末端含有反应性官能团，具有类似线 性高分子的高的热稳定性，相比之下，由于其大分子的形状和官能团的影响，末端 为乙酰氧基的超支化聚枉费显示了优良的溶解性能，这与一般线性高分子大不相同 ，由于氢键的存在，末端为羟基的超支化聚酯的溶解性能不佳，但是酸酯显示了 优良的溶解性能，这与一般线性高分子大不相同，由于氢键的存在，末端为羟基的 超支化聚枉费的溶解性能不佳，但是酸化可破坏氢键网络，得到的超支化聚酯可深 于一般有机溶剂。     

由4′,4″-二羟基-2-甲酸-三苯基甲烷及其衍生物制备高碳超支化芳香聚酯

合成了一系列含羟基和乙酰氧基的超支化聚酯 .将 4′ ,4″ 二羟基 2 甲酸 -三苯基甲烷 (酚酞啉 )直接缩聚和将 4′ ,4″ 二乙酰氧基 2 甲酸 -三苯基甲烷进行酯交换反应都成功得到了超支化聚酯 .以PS作标准物 ,由GPC测得的重均分子量为 2 0 0 0 0到 80 0 0 0 .13 CNMR测试表明聚合物支化度略高于 5 0 % .聚酯的玻璃化转变温度依赖于末端和侧基官能团类型 .该超支化聚酯末端含有反应性官能团 ,具有类似线性高分子的高的热稳定性 .相比之下 ,由于其大分子的形状和官能团的影响 ,末端为乙酰氧基的超支化聚酯显示了优良的溶解性能 ,这与一般线性高分子大不相同 .由于氢键的存在 ,末端为羟基的超支化聚酯的溶解性能不佳 ,但是酸化可破坏氢键网络 ,得到的超支化聚酯可溶于一般有机溶剂     

氢键作用对端羟基超支化聚酯熔体流变性能的影响

以三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为核,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为支化单体,通过熔融缩聚法合成了第一至五代端羟基脂肪族超支化聚酯,采用旋转流变仪系统地研究了氢键作用对端羟基超支化聚酯熔体流变性能的影响.结果表明,与高代数超支化聚酯相比,低代数超支化聚酯的线性黏弹区较窄,松弛时间更长.无论是稳态剪切测试还是振荡测试,第一、二代端羟基超支化聚酯熔体均表现出假塑性流体的剪切变稀行为,而第三至五代端羟基超支化聚酯熔体则表现为牛顿流体的流变行为.端羟基超支化聚酯的流变行为均不遵循Cox-Merz方程.温度谱的测定发现,低代数超支化聚酯相对于高代数的结晶度更高.流变测试中所出现的现象都与分子间的氢键作用密切相关.     

水溶性超支化共聚(酯-胺)的分子设计及合成

超支化聚酯是超支化聚合物中的一大类 [1～ 4 ] ,由于酯结构能在自然环境下降解 ,因而引起了许多研究者的兴趣 .Hult[1,5] ,Voit[6 ,7] 和 Kricheldorf等 [8] 在合成超支化聚酯方面做出了卓有成效的贡献 .他们用带羧基和羟基的 AB2 型单体在催化剂作用下缩合反应制得超支化聚酯 ;或先将羟基保护起来 ,再把羧基酰氯化 ,得到带酰氯的 AB2 型单体 ,经进一步缩聚得到超支化聚酯 .但用这种传统方法合成的超支化聚酯一般不溶于水 ,因而在某些领域的应用受到了限制 .本文提出了一种合成水溶性超支化聚酯的新策略 ,超支化聚酯并不是用酸与醇直接…     

以四重氢键结合的超支化聚合物及其涂层材料

合成了以Upy(2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidone)封端的超支化聚合物并研究其涂层材料性能.首先在哌嗪与三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯摩尔比2.25∶1条件下,合成了端仲胺基超支化聚(酯-胺)(HPEA),进而在仲胺基/异氰酸酯基官能团比1∶0.3、1∶0.4和1∶0.5下,通过HPEA与单异氰酸酯基甲基异胞嘧啶反应,合成了一系列带有Upy基元的改性超支化聚合物.由于Upy基元间形成了自识别四重氢键,改性聚合物比HPEA具有更高的玻璃化转变温度和热分解温度,并且改性聚合物涂层具有优良的力学性能,这表明分子间强氢键相互作用可有效改善超支化聚合物的性能.     

含乙烯基超支化聚(酯-酰胺)大单体的合成

以顺丁烯二酸酐、二乙醇胺、邻苯二甲酸酐等为原料,利用官能团活性的差异,通过逐步展开的方法合成了含有双键和端羟基的聚（酯-酰胺）型分子结构的超支化大单体（3）。IR分析表明：3的分子末端为大量伯羟基,具有较高的反应活性;3含有可供聚合的乙烯基,将3与其它乙烯基单体共聚可以获得含超支化结构的共合物。     

超支化聚(酰胺-酯)的端基光致变色改性研究

采用丁二酸酐、三羟甲基氨基甲烷为主要原料,先在冰水浴条件下合成AB3型单体,然后进行熔融缩聚制得超支化聚(酰胺-酯)(HBP),最后用4-(4′-二甲氨基苯基偶氮)苯甲酸对HBP的末端羟基进行功能化改性,得到了一种具有光致变色和酸碱变色性的HBP;用紫外光谱对改性超支化聚(酰胺-酯)的变色性进行了研究。结果表明：随紫外光照时间延长紫外吸收强度增加;随pH值增大紫外吸收波长向短波方向移动。     

由苯-1，2，4-三羧酸-1，2—酐和羟乙基哌嗪合成酰胺键、叔氨和酯键交替排列的水溶性超支化聚合物

基于官能团非等活性原理，由商品化多组分单体一步法合成了超支化聚合物． 用苯—1，2，4-三羧酸—1，2酐(BTAA)与羟乙基哌嗪(HEPZ)为原料，利用氨基和羟 基反应活性不同，制备了结构非对称超支化聚酰胺—酯．分别用红外、核磁共振确 定了所得聚合物的结构．该聚合物分子骨架中含有交替排列的酰胺键、叔氨和酯键 ，易溶于水．本合成方法原料易得、工艺简单，适合大量制备超支化聚合物．     

紫外光固化超支化聚酯的合成及性能

以季戊四醇为核,2,2-羟甲基丙酸为臂,采用熔融缩聚法合成并表征了末端含大量羟基的超支化聚酯,其支化度高,黏度低,具有良好的热稳定性.以甲基丙烯酸酐改性超支化聚酯,得到链末端含有C=C的超支化甲基丙烯酸酯,在最佳反应条件下改性反应的转化率可达89%以上.改性后的超支化聚酯表现出更低的黏度,热失重曲线呈现为两段,玻璃态转...     

超支化聚(酯-胺)分子结构及固化涂层性能研究

近年来,颜德岳等基于A2型单体二丙烯酸酯及BB2′型单体二胺化合物合成了多种端胺基超支化聚(酯-胺),并对反应机理及聚合物结构进行了系统研究[1,2],结果表明,由于B与B′活性差异,反应首先生成AB2′型和B4′型中间体,进一步聚合得到可溶性产物.我们基于A3型单体三丙烯酸酯与B2型单体二胺化合物合成了端丙烯酸酯基超支化聚(酯-胺)[3,4].在这些体系中,由于官能团反应活性高,难以控制反应程度.另外,由于超支化聚合物不能直接用作结构材料,其在涂料、粘合剂等领域的应用多基于末端官能团的固化反应[5].但通常由于官能团在分子表面密集分布,部…     

Functional,hyperbranched polyesters via baylis–hillman polymerization

Hyperbranched polyesters are among the most common hyperbranched polymers. One of the interesting features of hyperbranched polyesters is that they contain unreacted hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups at the linear and terminal structural units, which can be postmodified to adjust thermal, solubility, or mechanical properties, or to prepare core–shell type architectures. This article reports on the synthesis of a novel class of hyperbranched polyesters via an A₂ + B₃ type Baylis–Hillman polymerization of 2,6‐pyridinedicarboxaldehyde and trimethylolpropane triacrylate. Baylis–Hillman polymerization generates highly functional polyesters that contain not only unreacted aldehyde and/or acrylate groups at the linear and terminal structural units but also chemically orthogonal vinyl and hydroxyl groups along the polymer backbone. Using 3‐hydroxyquinuclidine as the catalyst, hyperbranched polymers with number‐average molecular weights up to 7500 g/mol and degrees of branching up to 0.81 were obtained. To demonstrate the versatility of these hyperbranched polyesters to act as platforms for further derivatization, the orthogonal postpolymerization modification of the hydroxyl, vinyl, and pyridine functional moieties with phenyl isocyanate, methyl‐3‐mercaptopropionate, and methyl iodide is presented. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012.     

An infrared spectroscopic study of a hyperbranched,dendrimer-like,polyester and its blends with poly(4-vinyl phenol)

A dendrimer-like hyperbranched polyester is characterized by infrared spectroscopy. By converting and labeling the terminal groups by acetylation with ¹³C acetic anhydride, the relative accessibility of core and terminal functional groups to solvents and linear polymers can be measured by counting the number of hydrogen bonds formed between the complementary functional groups found in these materials. The terminal groups form hydrogen bonds as readily as the same groups in linear polymers, but the core groups are highly screened. These results suggest that in these mixtures the dendrimer is extended, with the terminal groups located near the periphery of the molecule.     

端基对超支化高分子性质影响的研究

对端羟基脂肪族超支化高分子的端基进行了乙酰化和硅烷化改性，研究了不同端基对超支化高分子的玻璃化温度，折光指数增量以及特性粘度的影响。结果表明，端基的极性减小使超支化高分子的玻璃化温度降低，不同端基的超支化高分子的折光指数增量也有很大差异，而强极性的端基使超支化高分子在溶液中易产生团聚作用。由于端基在超支化高分子中所占比重较大，端基是影响超支化高分子性质的重要因素。     

Synthesis and properties of hyperbranched poly(ether sulfone)s prepared by self‐polycondensation of novel AB2 monomer

Hyperbranched poly(ether sulfone)s were prepared by the self‐polycondensation of the novel AB₂ monomer, 4‐(3,5‐hydroxyphenoxy)‐4′‐fluorodiphenylsulfone. The high‐molecular‐weight polymers were isolated in good yields. The degree of branching (DB) of the resulting polymers was investigated by the preparation of dendritic and linear model compounds. The DB determined by gated decoupling ¹³C NMR measurements was in the range 0.17–0.41 and was dependent on the base used for the self‐polycondensation. It was found that cesium fluoride was an effective base to form the polymer having the DB of 0.41. The resulting hyperbranched poly(ether sulfone)s showed good solubility in organic solvents. The solubility and the glass transition temperature of the polymers were influenced by the terminal functional groups. The unique thermal crosslinking phenomenon was observed during the DSC measurements of the hydroxyl‐terminated hyperbranched poly(ether sulfone) under air condition. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012     

聚乙烯基吡啶共聚物与取代苯基偶氮苯酚复合物的制备及其液晶性质

通过分子间弱相互作用力组装形成的液晶高分子与一般侧链液晶高分子相比，其介晶基元与聚合物主链搭配选择范围宽，且易于组装制备．因此，将氢键［１，２］，离子键［３，４］等引入液晶高分子制备领域，越来越引起人们的兴趣．目前以吡啶 羧基氢键组装成的侧链液晶高分...     

Functionalization of solid surfaces with hyperbranched polyesters to control protein adsorption

Thin films of hyperbranched polyesters were studied in dry state and in aqueous buffer solution regarding their swelling behaviour and protein adsorption potential. The influence of the degree of branching, the backbone structure, flexibility as well as the polarity was varied. By changing the backbone structure from aromatic, aromatic–aliphatic to aliphatic the surface properties can be controlled from protein active to protein repelling. The higher adsorption potential observed in comparison to linear polyesters is the result of the large amount of end groups allowing the formation of hydrogen bonds, and the larger swellability of the more flexible linear polymers. The protein adsorption process was studied intensively by in-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry. Different approaches towards a proper optical model for the vis-ellipsometry data evaluation for the determination of the correct layer thickness and refractive index are discussed. IR-ellipsometric measurements using a new in-situ cell gave the full chemical evidence for the formation of thin protein adsorption layer on the polymer films in the aqueous buffer environment.     

Direct synthesis of terminally “clickable” linear and hyperbranched polyesters

1,3‐Dipolar cycloaddition of an organic azide and an acetylenic unit, often referred to as the “click reaction”, has become an important ligation tool both in the context of materials chemistry and biology. Thus, development of simple approaches to directly generate polymers that bear either an azide or an alkyne unit has gained considerable importance. We describe here a straightforward approach to directly prepare linear and hyperbranched polyesters that carry terminal propargyl groups. To achieve the former, we designed an AB‐type monomer that carries a hydroxyl group and a propargyl ester, which upon self‐condensation under standard transesterification conditions yielded a polyester that carries a single propargyl group at one of its chain‐ends. Similarly, an AB₂ type monomer that carries one hydroxyl group and two propargyl ester groups, when polymerized under the same conditions yielded a hyperbranched polymer with numerous “clickable” propargyl groups at its molecular periphery. These propargyl groups can be readily clicked with different organic azides, such as benzyl azide, ω‐azido heptaethyleneglycol monomethylether or 9‐azidomethyl anthracene. When an anthracene chromophore is clicked, the molecular weight of the linear polyester could be readily estimated using both UV–visible and fluorescence spectroscopic measurements. Furthermore, the reactive propargyl end group could also provide an opportunity to prepare block copolymers in the case of linear polyesters and to generate nanodimensional scaffolds to anchor a variety of functional units, in the case of the hyperbranched polymer. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 3200–3208, 2010     

Linear and A2+B3‐type hyperbranched polyesters comprising phenylbenzothiazole unit: Preparation,liquid crystalline,and optical properties

Novel liquid crystalline (LC) hyperbranched (HB) polyesters comprising phenylbenzothiazole (PBT) unit as mesogen in the interiors were prepared at various feed mole ratios (A₂/B₃) by solution polycondensation of a dioxydiundecanol derivative of PBT (A₂ monomer) with trimesic acid trimethyl ester (B₃ monomer) via A₂+B₃ approach and their LC and optical properties were investigated. Analogous linear polyesters containing the PBT unit in the main chains were also prepared by the solution polycondensation of A₂ monomer with aromatic or aliphatic dimethyl esters. FTIR and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopies indicated that the HB polyesters are produced without gelation during the polycondensation and have degree of branching (DB) of 7–46%. The structures of HB polymers changed depending on the feed mole ratios and the polymer prepared in the mole ratio of A₂/B₃ = 3/2 had the highest inherent viscosity and DB. Acetylation of terminal OH group‐having HB polyesters prepared in excess mole ratios of A₂/B₃ afforded ones bearing acetoxy groups in the terminals. DSC measurements, polarizing microscope observations of textures, and X‐ray analyses suggested that only the terminal OH group‐having HB polymer prepared in the mole ratio of A₂/B₃ = 3/1 form smectic C phase. In the linear polymers, the polymers derived by using the aromatic dimethyl esters had no LC melt, but those from the aliphatic dimethyl esters formed LC smectic C phase. The acetoxy group‐bearing HB polymers showed more stable smectic A or C phase than those with the OH terminals. Solution UV‐vis and photoluminescent (PL) spectra indicated that the linear and the HB polymers have analogous optical properties and display maximum absorbances and blue‐light emission on the basis of the PBT unit, where the Stokes shifts were observed because of intermolecular aggregation effects, but there is a large difference between the optical behaviors of the linear and the HB polymers in film, whose E_g values of the linear polymers decreased and those of the HB polymers vice versa. Quantum efficiencies (Φ) had a tendency of increase in the linear polymers and the HB polymers forming LC phases. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 6688–6702, 2008     

Synthesis and self‐assembly of hyperbranched polymers with benzoyl terminal arms

Hyperbranched polyesters (HPs) with a variable content of benzoyl terminal groups were synthesized through the chemical modification of the HPs' cores by substituting a controlled fraction of the terminal hydroxyl groups with benzoyl chloride. The resulting hyperbranched polymers that were modified by benzoyl groups (HPs‐B) were characterized by ¹H NMR, FTIR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Research results revealed that self‐assembled structures could be formed in selected solvents (acetone/n‐hexane). It was found that the morphologies of self‐assembled structures could be adjusted by controlling the content of outside benzoyl terminal groups in the hyperbranched polymers, the volume ratio of acetone with n‐hexane, and the concentration of the hyperbranched polymers with benzoyl terminal arms. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 5554–5561, 2005     

可光固化星形超支化聚酯的合成与表征

描述了基于季戊四醇和１，２，４ 苯三甲酸酐，经由甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯和甲基丙烯酸酐改性的系列超支化聚酯的“发散”合成方法，即合成反应从“中心核”开始，逐步向外扩展，控制链增长，每个分子形成具有大约８，１２和１６个甲基丙烯酸酯双键的超支化臂。这种星形聚酯分子具有三维球状结构，不会产生分子链间的缠结，在辐射固化涂层和粘合剂等领域具有广阔的应用前景．