大功率毫米波行波管发展现状

毫米波行波管是一种具有重要发展前景的毫米波源,本文简要介绍了耦合腔行波管和螺旋线行波管的工作特点,以及国际上毫米波行波管的发展现状和趋势,指出了发展中遇到的一些关键问题。     

用于高速无线通信的毫米波行波管

毫米波行波管可以为高速无线通信提供高性能与实用化的功率放大器解决方案.国外正在开展多项基于毫米波行波管的高速无线通信技术的研究,工作频率范围在71~300GHz.本文综述了国内外71~235GHz的毫米波行波管的技术发展与研制水平,并结合作者所在团队的研究成果分析了研制该类器件所需要解决的慢波结构微加工、新型慢波结构设计和宽带低损耗输能等关键技术.     

射频与毫米波功率放大器新进展

近年来,随着5G 演进和未来6G 技术的研究与突破,以及在应用端如物联网、智能驾驶等领域的技术迭代升级,都对射频与毫米波系统的设计提出更多的需求和更高的要求。功率放大器作为发射机的关键部件,其特性直接影响发射系统的信号覆盖距离、传输质量和功耗等指标。为了研制高性能射频与毫米波功率放大器,提出了各种新技术。文章将从有源放大器、无源网络的传输线型实现、系统电路架构三方面对功率放大器取得的新进展进行介绍。     

毫米波耦合腔行波管过渡波导的设计

利用电磁场分析软件，研究了用于毫米波耦合腔行波管的两种过渡波导，分析比较了各种结构的宽带匹配性能，给出的部分结果可以直接在整管设计中采用。     

利用MAFIA程序设计8mm大功率输出窗

利用MAFIA程序对8 mm大功率输出窗进行了研究,分析了几种不同介电常数材料的特性.计算结果表明,利顿窗是解决功率与带宽这一矛盾的可行方案,而氮化硼瓷是这一结构唯一可以选用的材料.     

毫米波耦合腔行波管高频系统的基本特点与工艺结构综述

根据国外有关文献资料并结合工作实践,对毫米波耦合腔行波管高频系统的基本特点以及有关的工艺结构问题进行邀请赛,可供从事这方面研究工作的人员参考。     

A Multilayer Waveguide Window for Wide-Bandwidth Millimeter Wave Tubes

A multilayer waveguide window is demonstrated to exhibit wide bandwidth and high transmission for applications in high-frequency microwave tubes. A transfer matrix approach is employed to discretize the dielectric function profile of the multilayer heterostructure in a rectangular waveguide. The closed form has been obtained and the corresponding reflection and transmission characteristics have been carried out. The analytical calculation is also compared with the result of numerical simulation via the finite-element code HFSS. The exact calculation agrees with the numerical simulation very well. By comparison, the approach not only enhances the accuracy and efficiency, but also gives a good criterion for the design. The results show that the bandwidth for a transmission of 99%, i.e., S ₁₁ below –20 dB, can be optimized to be about 8.75 GHz at a central frequency of 35 GHz or about 25%. A wide-bandwidth waveguide window can be easily designed for Ka-band and W-band tubes, and even for higher frequency ones.     

Engineering Design Method of Energy Coupler and Impedance Transformer for Millimeter Wave Tubes

The engineering design method of heliz-waveguide and rectangular coupled cavitiy-waveguide energy coupler employed in millimeter wave tubes is described. Experiments show that, the former has broadband matching character )VSWR is less than 2 at 26 - 40GHz). And the later has small reflection (VSWR is less than 1.5 at 34-37.5 GHz). Optimum design method of multi-section and linear taper waveguide impedance transformer is also given in this paper. These impedance transformers can operate at wide frequency range in microwave and millimeter wave band. The design method and examples of couplers and impedance transformers can be referred for tube designers.     

The Key Technology of Efficiency Enhancement for Traveling Wave Tubes in Millimeter Wave

The efficiency enhancement methods for helix and coupled cavity traveling wave tube (TWT) in millimeter wave (MMW) are described. The interaction efficiency has been reached 14.56% by dynamic velocity taper in Ka-band TWT. Efficiency improvement has been carried out by used copper helix for broadband MMW TWT. Owing to a ferruleless coupled cavity TWT used phase-adjusted taper, the interaction efficiency has been increased from 9.6 to 22.6%. Finally, enhancing collector efficiency used multistage depressed collectors is discussed in the paper. These concept and technology of the approach are very useful for tube designer.     

毫米波宽带波导功率合成器设计

毫米波宽带功率放大器是毫米波电子对抗系统的关键部件之一,宽带低损耗的波导合成器是实现毫米波宽带大功率合成放大器的关键。根据设计目标,分析比较了四端口波导合路器和无耗三端口波导合路器的优缺点,提出了毫米波宽带波导合成器的设计方案,用电磁场仿真软件HFSS对宽带波导功率合成器进行了建模和设计仿真,并制作了工作频率范围在26~40 GHz的功率合成器,对测试指标和仿真曲线进行了对比分析。实际测试结果表明,设计的波导合路器具有良好的工程实用价值。     

Estimation of RF Parameters for Millimeter Wave Ring-Bar TWTS

In millimeter wave band, interaction impedance and efficiency of the ring-bar circuit are higher than helix. Ring-bar traveling wave tubes (TWTs) do not easy yield backward wave oscillation at high operating voltages. Thus ring-bar TWTs can reach higher power lever. On basic of computation of dispersion and interaction impedance, a fast estimation models of RF parameters for MMW ring-bar TWTs are given in this paper. It is available in designing tube to reduce developing period.     

Millimeter Wave Diodes for Harmonic Power Generation

A discussion of the application of point contact, electrically formed semiconductor junctions to harmonic generating applications is presented. Three different combinations of materials are considered. First, the more popular phosphor-bronze point on gallium arsenide combination is discussed. Results with this material combination when used as millimeter wave multipliers are given as a reference point. The combination n-GaAs/Cu is then examined. The slope parameter of these diodes shows that the junction is very close to that of a Schottky barrier. The conversion efficiency measured for these diodes shows a 2 to 4 dB improvement over the n-GaAs/P-Br diodes. The third combination, and by far the most efficient, was the n-GaAs/Zn diode. These are true p-n junctions (as opposed to Schottky barriers) and have measured zero bias cutoff frequencies on the order of 1000 GHz. The efficiency realized with these diodes in doubling from 70 GHx to 140 GHz typically ranged from 20 percent to 30 percent. The highest output power at 140 GHz that was measured was 16 milliwatts.     

高效率毫米波行波管

行波管可以应用于雷达和卫星系统中,具有高效率、高功率和高增益的特点。文章介绍了国际上高效率毫米波行波管研制现状,分析了提高行波管效率的几个主要方法,包括提高电子效率、收集极效率及高性能电子光学技术。     

串联偏置迭堆式毫米波功率放大器的设计

设计了一种串联迭堆式偏置供电的毫米波功率放大器,其漏极供电电压高达+24V。该功率放大器共包含4个单芯片功率放大模块,每个模块承受+6V左右漏极电压。功率合成网络采用一分四的E面波导功分器,模块与功分网络间相互绝缘连接。该功率放大器最终实现的性能指标是:在直流偏置点(+24V,4.2A)条件下,功率放大器在频段26～30GHz内其连续波饱和输出功率大于42.1dBm,功率附加效率大于11.0%。提出了一种毫米波发射机功率输出部分新的构架形式,在模块级别对功率放大器串联馈电进行了首次尝试。     

基于波束波导的大功率毫米波传输技术

波束波导传输系统具有功率容量高,波束扫描不需要旋转关节等特点,非常适用于大功率毫米波辐射系统.介绍了一种波束波导传输系统的设计方法和初步试验结果,该设计是基于高斯束方法开展的一种新的波束波导传输系统设计,该波束波导由偏置角θ=90°的对称双抛物反射面组成.试验结果验证了该波束波导系统对3 mm频段的大功率毫米波高斯波束的保形变换传输能力.     

新型毫米波大功率器件——折叠波导行波管

折叠波导行波管是近年来涌现的一类新型毫米波大功率器件。它具有宽频带和大功率的优点,制造成本低,且可以与微波功率模块（MPM）组合实现小型化;由于紧凑的整体极靴,能对低电压电子注聚焦,因而很适合要求轻重量的场合。折叠波导行波管在短厘米波段和毫米波段具有极好的发展前景。     

大功率脉冲调制管的设计

叙述了脉冲调制器对调制管的要求,研究了阳栅之间空间电荷效应对调制管阳极特性的影响,提出了满足调制器要求的脉冲调制管的新的设计思想。     

毫米波射频互连微组装工艺优化研究

在毫米波产品的装配中,射频互连微组装工艺是影响产品性能的一个重要因素。采用三维电磁仿真软件对毫米波频段的组装缝隙宽度、金丝热超声楔焊跨距及拱高进行了建模仿真,分析了上述因素对驻波的影响。针对模拟仿真优化结果,给出了毫米波射频互连装配精度控制、接地焊接效果优化、金丝热超声楔焊线型及键合参数优化等相应的工艺优化措施,从而达到毫米波射频互连微组装工艺优化的目的。     

一种大功率宽带毫米波波导滤波器

介绍了一种毫米波频段的大功率波导滤波器，综合出其四阶耦合矩阵，采用矩形波导膜片方案仿真设计，得到了中心插损小于0.3dB 的宽带波导滤波器。并对该滤波器在常压和真空环境下所能承受的功率进行了分析，试验结果表明该滤波器具有尺寸小，便于加工调试，可用于星载大功率环境的优点。