关于狭义相对论本质的十个论据

为寻找狭义相对论的本质,我们逐渐积累了10个论据,在量子力学基础上集中到一个基本假设:一个粒子总是不纯的,它总是包含着两个对立的场,φ(x,t)与χ(x,t),它们耦合在一起,并服从如下的对称性:φ(-x,-t)χ(x,t),χ(-x,-t)φ(x,t)。在一个粒子态中因|φ|>|χ|,φ占主导地位,但随着粒子速度增长,隐藏的χ场随之增大,这导致各种奇异的狭义相对论效应。在新定义的空一时反演(x-x,t-t)下,因φ(x,t)φ(-x,-t)=χc(x,t),　χ(x,t)χ(-x,-t)=φc(x,t)而|χc|>|φc|,于是粒子便变为它的反粒子,具有同样的动量与(正的)能量。上述对称性应当作为构造狭义相对论,相对论性量子力学,量子场论和粒子物理的出发点,其中关于中微子的超光速理论又是特别有兴趣的。     

物理学的现状和未来(英文)

列举了物理学中100多个未解决的问题 ,阐明物理学中长期悬而未决的难题正是新物理学将要诞生的信号 ,人类探索物理学基本规律的努力总是值得的.Listing more than one hundred unanswered questions the present author claims that 1) the long standing puzzles in physics may be the signals of new physics; 2) the effort of searching for the basic natural laws of physics is always highly worthwhile.     

关于极端原子核的相对论自洽角动量投影壳模型计算(英文)

相对论自洽角动量投影壳模型是最近发展出来的一个自洽模型, 它对于不同核区具有稳定的参数, 能够很好地描述已知和未知具有稳定形变的各种原子核的性质。 计算了若干包括稳定核素、 极端核素和超重核素, 并把计算结果与现有的实验数据进行了比较。     

利用密度相关的相对论平均场理论对核物质与中子星的研究(英文)

研究和详细地比较了RMF理论中不同的有效相互作用强度的密度依赖性, 并且讨论了这种密度依赖性对于核物质和中子星性质的影响. 对于核物质, 不同的参数组给出的对称核物质的饱和点非常接近, 基本都在经验值的范围内. 对于中子星, 考虑超子后不同参数组给出的质量极限的范围为1.52—2.06 M☉, 半径为10.24—11.38 km.The density dependencies of various effective interaction strengths in the relativistic mean field and their influences on the properties of nuclear matter and neutron stars are studied and carefully compared. The differences of saturation properties given by various effective interactions are subtle in symmetric nuclear matter. The Oppenheimer Volkoff mass limits of neutron stars calculated from different equations of state are 1.52—2.06 M☉, and the radii are 10.24—11.38 km with hyperons included.     

在相对论平均场框架下研究同位旋依赖的高阶核子-ω-ρ介子耦合(英文)

在相对论平均场的框架下,对208Pb中子皮对新的同位旋依赖的高阶核子-ω-ρ介子耦合项的敏感性进行了研究。计算表明,高阶同位旋依赖的核子-ω-ρ介子耦合能够进一步软化对称能,因而能够在不影响其它基态可观测量的情况下,进一步减小208Pb的中子半径。The sensitivity of the neutron skin thickness S in ^208Pb to the new addition of the high order isospin-dependent nucleon-ω-ρ coupling term in the relativistic mean field model is studied. Calculations show that the high order isospin-dependent nucleon-ω-ρ coupling term can further soften the symmetry energy, and thus further decrease the neutron radius of ^208Pb without affecting other ground-state observables     

相对论平均场理论对∧,Ξ和∑超核的研究(英文)

基于相对论平均场理论,系统地研究了单∧,Ξ和∑超核,超子-核子相互作用通过拟合实验数据以及参照之前理论工作来确定。以16O为核芯,通过加入不同类型超子（∧,Ξ0,-和∑+,0,-）,比较了超子的平均势场和单粒子能级,并研究了对核芯的杂质效应。整体上看,∧和Ξ0超子在大块性质上类似;Ξ0超子平均势场最浅;库仑相互作用对于带电超子Ξ-,∑+和∑-非常重要。作为杂质,原子核中加入超子会使整个体系更束缚。然而,不同超子对原子核的半径有不同效应。此外,讨论了ωYY张量耦合,发现其对超子的能级劈裂有显著影响,甚至导致Ξ超子中出现能级反转现象。Single ∧, Ξ, and ∑ hypernuclei are systematically studied within the framework of relativistic mean-field (RMF) model with YN interactions being constrained according to the experimental data and previous theoretical efforts. By adding a hyperon to 16O, the mean-field potentials and single-particle levels for hyperons (∧, Ξ0,-, and ∑+,0,-) are compared and the impurity effects on the nuclear core are examined. In general, the ∧ and ∑0 hyperons show similar behaviors in bulk properties since both of them are electroneutral and with similar coupling constants; Ξ0 hyperon owns the shallowest mean-field potential well; and Coulomb interactions play vital roles in the charged Ξ-, ∑-, and ∑+ hyperons. As an impurity, the intruded single-hyperon makes the nuclear system more bound in most cases due to the attractive NY interaction. However, very different effects on the nucleon radii are observed for different hyperons. Besides, the effects of the ωYY tensor couplings on the spin-orbit splitting are discussed, and remarkable influences are found which even change the level ordering of Ξ hyperon.