胆甾相小板块织构聚硅氧烷侧链液晶的合成和性能

通过硅氢加成反应将反式-4-丙烯基-反式-4’-丙基双环己烷(液晶基元)接枝到柔性的聚硅氧烷主链上,合成一种新型的胆甾相小板块织构聚硅氧烷侧链液晶(SCLCP),产率为82.5%。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振(1 H-NMR)对两者的分子结构进行表征,用热台偏光显微镜(POM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对其液晶相类型和液晶相行为进行观察和分析,用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对其相转变温度和热性能进行分析。结果表明:SCLCP呈现胆甾相的小板块织构,液晶区间为57.33K,高于液晶基元的液晶区间。     

光致变色液晶高分子的研究(Ⅰ)─含胆甾介晶基无侧链聚硅氧烷及其单体的液晶行为

用POM、DSC和WAXD研究了十一烯酸胆甾酯及含胆甾介晶基元侧链聚硅氧烷的液晶行为。单体呈现明甾相的油条及螺旋织构,单致变近晶相的扇形织构和固-固相变。均聚物显示S_A相的扇形织构。     

胆甾型侧链液晶共聚物的研究

合成并表征了两个胆甾型液晶烯类单位以及它们分别与辛烯－１，二氧化硫进行自由基共聚合得到的一系列不同组成的胆甾型侧链液晶三元共聚砜。研究结果表明：该共聚砜的两个液晶热转变温度均随其中辛烯－１单体单元组份含量的增加而降低。     

胆甾侧链聚硅氧烷高分子液晶的合成与相行为研究

本工作利用双键与Si-H键的加成反应合成了以丙烯酸胆甾醇酯为侧链的硅氧烷梳状聚合物液晶ECS.聚合物的结构得到了核磁与红外分析的证明.偏光显微镜和DSC对ECS的相态转变研究表明,ECS在一定的温度范围内能够形成液晶相,液晶相的存在范围与聚合物的结构密切相关.     

胆甾酯侧链聚硅氧烷液晶固定相的制备与色谱性能

将合成的胆甾酯侧链聚硅氧烷高分子液昌化合物涂渍在弹性石英毛细管内壁上,制备毛细管气相色谱固定相,该固定相具有较高的柱效,较好的热稳定性和分离选择性,对蒽,菲,芴及苊混合物和二氯苯异构体混合物具有良好的分离效果。     

热致胆甾液晶的蓝相

简述了小分子蓝相的研究现状及聚合物稳定的小分子蓝相和聚合物蓝相的研究进展.通常小分子蓝相温域较窄,仅1℃左右.聚合物稳定的小分子蓝相温域达66℃,而我们展现的聚合物蓝相宽达300℃以上,甚至低于室温也有蓝相存在.所有的蓝相全部展示可见光的布拉格反射.     

具有双螺旋结构胆甾相液晶聚合物复合材料研究进展

胆甾相液晶(Ch-LC)的特征螺旋结构使其具有选择性反射和圆二向色性的光学性质,其反射强度被限制在自然光(非偏振光)的 50%。若Ch-LC聚合物复合体系中同时具有左右双螺旋结构,那么Ch-LC的反射强度将超过非偏振光50%的上限,从而可制备具有高反射通量的Ch-LC薄膜。具备这种特性的反射器件在无偏振片反射式显示器和需要智能控制太阳光的建筑、汽车、温室等领域具有潜在的应用前景。本文结合作者在该领域的研究工作,综述了近年来可同时反射左右旋圆偏振光的胆甾相液晶聚合物薄膜材料研究进展,并对该类材料未来的发展提出了展望。     

侧链含有蓝相液晶基元的聚硅氧烷液晶的合成及表征

采用蓝相小板块液晶单体反式-4-乙烯基-反式-4′-丙基双环己烷（3HHV）和反式-4-丙烯基-反式-4′-丙基双环己烷（4HHV）同时接枝到聚甲基含氢硅氧烷上,制备了聚硅氧烷侧链液晶聚合物。采用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对液晶单体及相应的聚合物进行结构表征,采用热台偏光显微镜,X-射线衍射和热分析对单体和聚合物的液晶行为及热性能进行研究。结果表明：液晶单体3HHV显示蓝相镶嵌织构,液晶单体4HHV显示胆甾相油纹状织构,它们的介晶区间温度分别为30.6°C和49.7°C,且均在低于室温就显示出液晶性。相应的液晶聚合物显示向列相纹影织构,介晶区间温度为192.6°C,在低于室温时也显示出液晶性,且热分解温度达到310°C以上,比其他环芳烃类介晶基元接枝聚硅氧烷主链的液晶聚合物具有更优越的热稳定性。     

胆甾液晶／聚合物多组分体系的结构与性能研究（Ⅲ）

应用Ｘ射线衍射，偏光显微镜及电子显微镜研究了胆甾液晶与甲基丙烯酸甲酯－甲基西烯酸丁酯无规共聚物共混体系的形态结构，研究了体系的结晶态及液晶态的和为和共聚物含量及组成对光学织构的影响。     

胆甾相液晶在光学材料中的研究进展

胆甾相液晶是一种在一定温度范围内呈现液晶相的胆甾醇衍生物,其分子内具有手性碳原子和周期性螺旋结构。在液晶相状态下具有独特的光学特性,类似一维光子晶体,具有选择性布拉格反射,因此在功能材料领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文详细介绍了胆甾相液晶的光学特性,系统阐述了其在光学材料领域的研究进展和前景。     

Mesomorphic properties of side-chain cholesteric liquid-crystalline elastomers

New monomer cholesteryl 4-(10-undecylen-1-yloxybenzoyloxy)-4′-ethoxybenzoate (M₁), crosslinking agent biphenyl 4,4′-bis(10-undecylen-1-yloxybenzoyloxy-p-ethoxybenzoate) (M₂) and a series of side-chain cholesteric elastomers were prepared. The chemical structures of the monomers and elastomers obtained were confirmed by element analyses, FT-IR, and ¹H NMR. The mesomorphic properties and thermal stability were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, polarizing optical microscopy, and X-ray diffraction measurements. The influence of the content of the crosslinking unit on the phase behavior of the elastomers was examined. M ₁ showed cholesteric phase, and M ₂ displayed nematic phase. The elastomers containing less than 12 mol% of the crosslinking units revealed reversible mesomorphic phase transition, wide mesophase temperature ranges, and high thermal stability.     

Synthesis and characterization of side-chain liquid crystalline polymer containing dichroic dye monomer

A series of side-chain liquid crystalline polysiloxanes containing 1-(p-toluidino)-4-anthraquinone undecylenate (TAU) (dye-monomer) and 4-allyloxybenzoyl-4^′-(p-propyl-benzoyl)-p-benzenediol bisate (ABB) (liquid crystalline monomer) side groups were synthesized by copolymeraztion. The molecular structures of the monomers and polymers were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The optical characterization of the monomer ABB and polymers was made by using polarizing optical microscopy (POM) technique, and their thermal behaviour was investigated by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The conjugate action of the dye (1-(p-toluidino)-4-hydroxyl anthraquinone) and the monomer was analyzed by fluorophotometry. Polymers and monomer ABB revealed nematic phase. And DSC results demonstrated that the glass transition temperatures (T_g) of the polymers increased with the increase in dye-monomer. TGA result showed that the temperatures at which 5% mass loss occurred () for all the polymers were above 270 °C.     

含茋生色团聚醚的合成与热致液晶行为

β 氯乙基缩水甘油醚 (GCE)和GCE/羟丁基乙烯基醚 (HBVE)分别通过阳离子聚合、光引发共聚合 ,获得两种聚醚 ,然后再分别与 4-硝基-4′-羟基茋(NHS)反应 ,制备了两种侧链含茋生色团的液晶聚合物(PSEG、PSV) .用FTIR、1H-NMR和EA对其化学结构及生色团含量进行了表征 ,以POM、DSC、TGA和WAXD对聚合物介晶相转变温度、织构、热稳定性及相行为进行了研究.结果表明 ,这类聚合物属向列型热致双向性液晶 ,液晶相转变温度较低、范围较宽 ;聚合物热稳定性较好,开始分解温度在300℃以上.     

介晶现象与液晶高分子

在物质的介晶态中着重讨论了液晶态的高分子,讨论了高分子液晶的类型和特点及高分子的结构、结构单元对液晶形成和转化条件等的影响,指出了通过结构设计加以控制的原则和途径。     

Side-chain cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers derived from a mesogenic crosslinking agent: I. Synthesis and mesomorphic properties

The synthesis of new side-chain cholesteric elastomers derived from a cholesteric monomer and mesogenic crosslinking agent is presented. The chemical structures of the monomers obtained were confirmed by elemental analyses, FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR. The mesomorphic properties and thermal stability were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. M₁ showed cholesteric phase, and M₂ displayed enantiotropic nematic phase and monotropic smectic phase. The elastomers containing less than 12 mol% of the crosslinking units revealed reversible mesomorphic phase transition, wide mesophase temperature ranges, and high thermal stability.     

Synthesis and thermal properties of side-chain liquid crystalline polyethers with racemic and chiral backbone

Racemic and chiral [(4-cyano-4′-biphenyl)oxy] and [(4-methoxy-4′-biphenyl)oxy]methyloxiranes were prepared from racemic epichlorohydrin or racemic and chiral glycidols and polymerized in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) with Bu^tOK as the initiator system. Initial phase identifications were made by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscopy techniques and confirmed by X-ray diffraction measurements. Upon heating, all the monomers show only a crystal–isotropic phase transition. The racemic and chiral [(4-cyano-4′-biphenyl)oxy]methyloxiranes exhibit a nematic and a cholesteric monotropic phase, respectively. Methoxybiphenyl substituted polyethers are crystalline and insoluble in virtually all common solvents. Cyanobiphenyl substituted polyethers are soluble under the same experimental conditions and show enantiotropic liquid crystalline properties. The racemic polymer exhibits a nematic phase, while the optically active polymer forms a cholesteric phase.     

含偶氮基团的聚甲基丙烯酸酯型侧链液晶高分子的合成与表征

报道了一种新的含对甲氧基苯氨羰基偶氮苯基团的甲基丙烯酸酯单体及其自由基聚合产物的合成。利用元素分析,＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ、ＧＰＣ、ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ、ＰＯＭ及Ｘ－射线衍射等手段对其结构与性能进行了表征。结果表明,偶氮单体不具有液晶性质,而聚合物则具有向列型液晶相存在,并且它在空气中具有很好的热稳定性。     

Synthesis and characterization of side-chain cholesteric elastomers derived from an isosorbide crosslinking agent

New liquid crystalline monomer 4-(4-ethoxybenzoyloxy)biphenyl-4′-[(10-undecylen-1-yloxy)-4′-ethoxy]benzoate (M ₁ ), chiral crosslinking agent isosorbide di-(10-undecylen-1-yloxybenzoate) (M ₂ ), and the corresponding elastomers were prepared. The chemical structures of M ₁ and M ₂ were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance. The mesomorphic properties and phase behavior were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, polarizing optical microscopy, and X-ray diffraction measurements. M ₁ exhibited typical threaded texture and droplet texture of nematic phase. The use of chiral crosslinking agent in the polymer networks could induce cholesteric phase. The elastomers containing less than 10 mol% of the chiral crosslinking units showed elasticity, reversible phase transition, wide mesophase temperature ranges, and high thermal stability. For the elastomers P ₂ –P ₄ , the glass transition temperature (T _g) increased; clearing temperature (T _i) and mesophase temperature range (ΔT) decreased with increasing content of the crosslinking unit.     

Novel liquid crystalline resins based on MQ siloxanes

MQ siloxane resins containing Si-H functions have been made from tetramethyldisiloxane and tetraethoxysilane. Hydrosilylations with mesogenic alkenes give low molecular weight liquid crystal MQ resins with potentially useful properties.