Positive solutions for a coupled system of semipositone fractional differential equations with the integral boundary conditions

In this paper, we investigate the existence of positive solutions for a system of nonlinear fractional differential equations with sign-changing nonlinearities. The result obtained in this paper essentially improves and extends some well-known results. An example demonstrates the main results.     

Existence of positive solutions for nonlocal boundary value problem of fractional differential equation

In this paper, we study a type of nonlinear fractional differential equations multi-point boundary value problem with fractional derivative in the boundary conditions. By using the upper and lower solutions method and fixed point theorems, some results for the existence of positive solutions for the boundary value problem are established. Some examples are also given to illustrate our results.     

On multi-term fractional differential equations with multi-point boundary conditions

In this paper, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a new class of multi-point boundary value problems of multi-term fractional differential equations by using standard fixed point theorems. We also demonstrate the application of the obtained results with the aid of examples. The paper concludes with the study of multi-term fractional integro-differential equations supplemented with multi-point boundary conditions. Our results are new and contribute significantly to the existing literature on the topic.     

On fractional Langevin differential equations with anti-periodic boundary conditions

In this paper, we provide existence criteria for the solutions of p-Laplacian fractional Langevin differential equations with anti-periodic boundary conditions. The Caputo fractional as well as Caputo q-fractional operators are used to address the derivatives. The main results are verified by the help of Leray–Schaefer’s fixed point theorem. We construct an example to illustrate the feasibility of the main theorems. Our results are new and provide extensions to some known theorems in the literature.     

Existence and approximation of solutions of fractional order iterative differential equations

In this paper, we investigate existence and approximation of solutions of fractional order iterative differential equations by virtue of nonexpansive mappings, fractional calculus and fixed point methods. Three existence theorems as well as convergence theorems for a fixed point iterative method designed to approximate these solutions are obtained in two different work spaces via Chebyshev’s norm, Bielecki’s norm and β norm. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the obtained results.     

On fractional order differential equations model for nonlocal epidemics

A fractional order model for nonlocal epidemics is given. Stability of fractional order equations is studied. The results are expected to be relevant to foot-and-mouth disease, SARS and avian flu.     

Exact solution for the fractional cable equation with nonlocal boundary conditions

The fractional cable equation is studied on a bounded space domain. One of the prescribed boundary conditions is of Dirichlet type, the other is of a general form, which includes the case of nonlocal boundary conditions. In real problems nonlocal boundary conditions are prescribed when the data on the boundary can not be measured directly. We apply spectral projection operators to convert the problem to a system of integral equations in any generalized eigenspace. In this way we prove uniqueness of the solution and give an algorithm for constructing the solution in the form of an expansion in terms of the generalized eigenfunctions and three-parameter Mittag-Leffler functions. Explicit representation of the solution is given for the case of double eigenvalues. We consider some examples and as a particular case we recover a recent result. The asymptotic behavior of the solution is also studied.     

Exact solutions for nonlinear partial fractional differential equations

In this article,we use the fractional complex transformation to convert nonlinear partial fractional differential equations to nonlinear ordinary differential equations.We use the improved(G’/G)-expansion function method to calculate the exact solutions to the time-and space-fractional derivative foam drainage equation and the time-and space-fractional derivative nonlinear KdV equation.This method is efficient and powerful for solving wide classes of nonlinear evolution fractional order equations.     

Singular and non-topological soliton solutions for nonlinear fractional differential equations

In this article, the fractional derivatives are described in the modified Riemann–Liouville sense. We propose a new approach, namely an ansatz method, for solving fractional differential equations(FDEs) based on a fractional complex transform and apply it to solve nonlinear space–time fractional equations. As a result, the non-topological as well as the singular soliton solutions are obtained. This method can be suitable and more powerful for solving other kinds of nonlinear fractional FDEs arising in mathematical physics.     

Symmetry-breaking for solutions of semilinear elliptic equations with general boundary conditions

We study the bifurcation of radially symmetric solutions of +f(u)=0 onn-balls, into asymmetric ones. We show that ifu satisfies homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions, the asymmetric components in the kernel of the linearized operators can have arbitrarily high dimension. For general boundary conditions, we prove some theorems which give bounds on the dimensions of the set of asymmetric solutions, and on the structure of the kernels of the linearized operators.Research supported in part by the NSF under Grant No. MCS-800 2337     

Nonexistence of global solutions for a class of sequential fractional differential inequalities

We provide sufficient conditions for the non-existence of global solutions for a certain class of sequential fractional differential inequalities involving Riemann-Liouville left-sided fractional derivatives with different orders. To the best of our knowledge, the study of non-existence of solutions for fractional differential problems with sequential fractional derivatives has not been investigated until now. Our approach is based on the test function method.     

Existence of integral manifolds for impulsive differential equations in a Banach space

A theorem of existence fort± of integral manifolds of impulsive equations is proved under the assumption that the spectrum of the linear part of these equations may contain points lying in a neighborhood of the imaginary axis.     

Bright and dark soliton solutions for some nonlinear fractional differential equations

In this work, we propose a new approach, namely ansatz method, for solving fractional differential equations based on a fractional complex transform and apply it to the nonlinear partial space–time fractional modified Benjamin–Bona–Mahoney(m BBM) equation, the time fractional m Kd V equation and the nonlinear fractional Zoomeron equation which gives rise to some new exact solutions. The physical parameters in the soliton solutions: amplitude, inverse width, free parameters and velocity are obtained as functions of the dependent model coefficients. This method is suitable and more powerful for solving other kinds of nonlinear fractional PDEs arising in mathematical physics. Since the fractional derivatives are described in the modified Riemann–Liouville sense.     

Numerical solution of fractional differential equations via a Volterra integral equation approach

The main focus of this paper is to present a numerical method for the solution of fractional differential equations. In this method, the properties of the Caputo derivative are used to reduce the given fractional differential equation into a Volterra integral equation. The entire domain is divided into several small domains, and by collocating the integral equation at two adjacent points a system of two algebraic equations in two unknowns is obtained. The method is applied to solve linear and nonlinear fractional differential equations. Also the error analysis is presented. Some examples are given and the numerical simulations are also provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the new method.     

Random solutions to a system of fractional differential equations via the Hadamard fractional derivative

In this work, we use a new random fixed point theorem in vector metric spaces due to Sinacer et al. [M.L. Sinacer et al., Random Oper. Stoch. Equ. 24, 93 (2016)] to prove the existence of solutions and the compactness of solution sets of a random system of fractional differential equations via the Hadamard-type derivative. The existence, modification and stochastically continuity of an M²-solution are also proved.     

A simple technique for constructing exact solutions to nonlinear differential equations with conformable fractional derivative

The modified simple equation method is an interesting technique to find new and more general exact solutions to the fractional differential equations in nonlinear sciences. In this paper, the method is applied to construct exact solutions of (2+1)-dimensional conformable time-fractional Zoomeron equation and the conformable space-time fractional EW equation.     

Exact solutions to the time-fractional differential equations via local fractional derivatives

This article utilizes the local fractional derivative and the exp-function method to construct the exact solutions of nonlinear time-fractional differential equations (FDEs). For illustrating the validity of the method, it is applied to the time-fractional Camassa–Holm equation and the time-fractional-generalized fifth-order KdV equation. Moreover, the exact solutions are obtained for the equations which are formed by different parameter values related to the time-fractional-generalized fifth-order KdV equation. This method is an reliable and efficient mathematical tool for solving FDEs and it can be applied to other non-linear FDEs.     

The existence and uniqueness of solutions of Yang-Mills equations with bag boundary conditions

The Cauchy problem for the Yang-Mills equations in the Coulomb gauge is studied on a compact, connected and simply connected Riemannian manifold with boundary. An existence and uniqueness theorem for the evolution equations is proven for fields with Cauchy data in an appropriate Sobolev space. The proof is based the Hodge decomposition of the Yang-Mills fields and the theory of non-linear semigroups.Work partially supported by NSERC Research Grant A 8091Work supported by DFG Grant Schw 485/2-1     

Cantor-type cylindrical-coordinate method for differential equations with local fractional derivatives

In this Letter, we propose to use the Cantor-type cylindrical-coordinate method in order to investigate a family of local fractional differential operators on Cantor sets. Some testing examples are given to illustrate the capability of the proposed method for the heat-conduction equation on a Cantor set and the damped wave equation in fractal strings. It is seen to be a powerful tool to convert differential equations on Cantor sets from Cantorian-coordinate systems to Cantor-type cylindrical-coordinate systems.     

Solitary wave solutions of nonlocal sine-Gordon equations

In this paper a nonlocal generalization of the sine-Gordon equation, u(tt)+sin u=( partial differential / partial differential x) integral (- infinity ) (+ infinity )G(x-x('))u(x(') )(x('),t)dx(') is considered. We present a brief review of the applications of such equations and show that involving such a nonlocality can change features of the model. In particular, some solutions of the sine-Gordon model (for example, traveling 2pi-kink solutions) may disappear in the nonlocal model; furthermore, some new classes of solutions such as traveling topological solitons with topological charge greater than 1 may arise. We show that the lack of Lorenz invariancy of the equation under consideration can lead to a phenomenon of discretization of kink velocities. We discussed this phenomenon in detail for the special class of kernels G(xi)= summation operator (j=1) (N)kappa(j)e(-eta(j)mid R:ximid R:), eta(j)>0, j=1,2, em leader,N. We show that, generally speaking, in this case the velocities of kinks (i) are determined unambiguously by a type of kink and value(s) of kernel parameter(s); (ii) are isolated i.e., if c(*) is the velocity of a kink then there are no other kink solutions of the same type with velocity c in (c(*)- varepsilon,c(*)+ varepsilon ) for a certain value of varepsilon. We also used this special class of kernels to construct approximations for analytical and numerical study of the problem in a more general case. Finally, we set forth results of the numerical investigation of the problem with the kernel that is the McDonald function G(xi) approximately K(0)(mid R:ximid R:/lambda) (lambda is a parameter) that have applications in the Josephson junction theory. (c) 1998 American Institute of Physics.