平板湍流边界层的声辐射

基于平板湍流边界层的壁压起伏波数—频率谱 ,给出了一种湍流边界层声辐射的估算方法 ,并对光滑平板湍流边界层和平板表面粗糙度引起的湍流边界层声辐射进行了分析。结果表明 :湍流边界层声辐射是一种四极子声辐射 ,且其辐射声能集中于平板表面粗糙度引起的湍流边界层声辐射 ;光滑平板湍流边界层的声辐射也不可忽略。     

二维平板湍流边界层减阻研究

利用一套以位移传感器为主的弹性平衡装置,测量几种不同表面形状设计的平板在充分发展的二维湍流边界层中的减阻效果,并对其减阻机理进行研究。结果表明,大涡破碎器 LEBU(Large Eddy Break-up)和其它减阻装置的形状和布置对表面摩擦阻力有较大影响,在有些设计状态下的平板得到了净减阻。     

Acoustic Radiation from a Finite Length Cylindrical Shell Excited by an Internal Acoustic Source: Solution Based on a Boundary Element Method and a Matched Asymptotic Expansion

This paper deals with acoustic radiation by a thin elastic shell, closed by two perfectly rigid discs, immersed in water and filled with air. The system is driven by an internal acoustic source. The shell has a length L, is clamped along one of its boundaries and is freely supported along the other boundary. Using the infinite domain Green's function, the radiated acoustic pressure is modeled by a hybrid layer potential (linear combination with nonreal coefficient of a simple layer and a double layer). Using Green's tensor of the in vacuo shell operator, the shell displacement is expressed as the sum of the field generated by the acoustic pressures and that due to boundary sources. Finally, the Green's function of the interior Neumann problem is used to express the acoustic pressure inside the shell in terms of the acoustic source and shell normal displacement: this representation fails for any frequency equal to one of the resonance frequencies of the shell interior. To overcome this, a light fluid approximation, which is allowed because the inner fluid is a gas, is adopted. Around each resonance frequency, an inner approximation is defined which matches the classical outer approximation. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

分块隐式有限差分法计算弯管紊流

本文利用贴体坐标系中分块隐式有限差分法计算矩形截面90°弯管中不可压恒定紊流.在计算中,雷诺方程的数值离散采用混合差分格式,局部联立求解雷诺方程和连续方程而得到速度压力解.在全流场的迭求解过程中采用对称联立Gauss—Seidel法.利用标准K-ε紊流模型模拟紊流.计算结果与有关试验进行了对比.     

Asymptotic Solution for a Kind of Boundary Layer Problem

This paper studies the partial differential equation with a small coefficient in the highest-order item. This kind of equation is also named as boundary layer problem. The Burgers equation and modified Burgers equation are analyzed in this approach. First, these equations are transferred into the strong nonlinear ones, and then the corresponding strong nonlinear equations are solved based on the perturbation method. The results from the asymptotic method are comparable with those obtained from numerical computation. An erratum to this article is available at .     

Computations of Interaction of an Incident Oblique Shock Wave with a Turbulent Boundary Layer on a Flat Plate

Results of numerical simulation of interaction between an oblique shock wave and a turbulent boundary layer formed in a supersonic (Mach number M =5) flow past a flat plate are presented. The computations are performed for three cases of interaction of different intensity, which result in an attached or detached flow. Numerical results are compared with experimental data. The effect of flow turbulence and shockwave unsteadiness on flow parameters is studied.     

平板湍流边界层整体摩擦阻力的振荡性

本文分别用流场显示和阻力测量两种实验方法,证明了平板整体摩擦阻力存在着振荡性,并得到了其振荡的一些规律和特点。另外,提出了一个与时间相关联的内层速度分布模型。并对其合理性进行了研究,从而导出一个与时间相关联的整体摩擦阻力模型。     

WAVE SUPERPOSITION METHOD BASED ON VIRTUAL SOURCE BOUNDARY WITH COMPLEX RADIUS VECTOR FOR SOLVING ACOUSTIC RADIATION PROBLEMS

By virtue of the comparability between the wave superposition method and the dynamic analysis of structures, a general format for overcoming the non-uniqueness of solution induced by the wave superposition method at the eigenfrequencies of the corresponding interior problems is proposed. By adding appropriate damp to the virtual source system of the wave superposition method, the unique solutions for all wave numbers can be ensured. Based on this thought, a novel method-wave superposition method with complex radius vector is constructed. Not only is the computational time of this method approximately equal to that of the standard wave superposition method, but also the accuracy is much higher compared with other correlative methods. Finally, by taking the pulsating sphere and oscillating sphere as examples, the results of calculation show that the present method can effectively overcome the non-uniqueness problem.     

Study of the Interaction of a Streamwise-Oscillating Shock with the Boundary Layer on a Flat Plate

The distinctive features of the flow in the region of interaction between an oscillating shock and a flat-plate boundary layer are studied for the laminar, transitional, and turbulent flow regimes. The flow patterns and the pressure and heat transfer distributions in the interaction region are analyzed at different intensities, frequencies, and amplitudes of the oscillating shock. The results of the interaction of oscillating and steady shocks with the flat-plate boundary layer are compared.     

Permissible Height of the Surface Roughness in a Turbulent Boundary Layer with a Streamwise Pressure Gradient

The results of an experimental investigation of the effect of the streamwise pressure gradient in a turbulent boundary layer on the permissible height of the surface roughness of bodies in an incompressible fluid flow are presented. The permissible roughness Reynolds number for which the characteristics of the turbulent boundary layer remain the same as in the case of flow past a smooth surface is determined.     

离心叶轮正冲角流场计算的边界层方法

本文使用stanitz快速分析法计算主流,用积分法计算带旋转和曲率的二维不可压湍流边界层.通过流量方程将两者紧密联系起来、同时求解,能够连续计算至分离区.可方便快速地用于估算离心叶轮在正冲角工况下的流场.     

Sound Radiated in a Cavity by a Vibrating Plate: Comparison between the Results of a Finite Element Method (FEMAK) and a Boundary Element Method (NoVAlea2D)

The coupling between a cavity and a vibrating plate is written as a strong coupling where both the continuity of stresses and particle velocities at the interface are taken into account. A FEM analysis reveals an important coupling between the first mode of the plate and the cavity. The pressure distribution in the cavity shows a strong quarter of a wave length pattern indicating the influence of the first Dirichlet mode in the cavity. The vibrating plate is then excited by a turbulent flow modelled by its spectral density using the Corcos model. A comparison is made between the results obtained from a FEM and a BEM formulation. Good agreements are observed concerning the plate displacements. The comparison of the cavity sound pressure levels is less good. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

湍流边界层相干结构剩余脉动雷诺应力项的实验测量

用IFA300恒温热线风速仪和X形二分量热线探针以采样间隔小于湍流耗散时间尺度的分辨率精细测量了风洞中平板湍流边界层不同法向位置的瞬时流向、法向速度分量的时间序列信号。用条件采样和相位平均技术提取了相干结构猝发过程中相干结构剩余脉动雷诺应力和随机脉动对相干结构贡献的雷诺应力的条件相位平均波形。基于理论上对湍流相干结构动量方程中随机脉动对相干结构贡献的雷诺应力和相干结构剩余脉动雷诺应力项的分析,对两种雷诺应力项进行了对比研究。研究发现,相干结构剩余脉动雷诺应力项在数值上具有和随机脉动对相干结构贡献的雷诺应力相同的数量级,表明在相干结构动力学模型方程中,相干结构剩余脉动雷诺应力项并不像以前估计的那样可以忽略不计。     

自由湍射流边界层标度律的实验测量

用IFA300热线风速仪以低于最小低湍流时间尺度的高分辨率，精细测量了圆自由射流中同一流向断面内不同径向位置的流向速度分量，研究了不同径向位置的非均匀、非各向同性对充分发展湍流速度结构函数自相似标度律及其层次结构模型的影响。     

Boundary Integral Equations Method for the Analysis of Acoustic Scattering from Line-2 Elastic Targets

The prediction of the acoustic scattering from elastic structures is a recurrent problem of practical importance as, for example, in underwater detection and target identification. We aim at setting out the diffraction problem of a transient acoustic wave by an axisymmetric shell composed of a cylinder bounded by hemispherical endcaps, called Line-2. Its time-dependent response is expanded in terms of the resonance modes of the fluid-loaded structure. The latter are well suited when the structure is submerged in a heavy fluid: it is an alternative to modal methods whose expansions as series of natural modes of the in vacuo shell are much better for describing the interaction between a structure and a light fluid. The resonance frequencies are defined as solutions of the nonlinear eigenvalue problem described by the set of homogeneous equations governing the structure displacement coupled to the acoustic radiated pressure. The resonance modes of the coupled system are the corresponding eigenvectors. Both hemisphere and cylinder equations are modeled by the approximation of Donnel and Mushtari which governs thin shells oscillations. The modeling of the sound pressure by a hybrid potential integral representation leads to a system of integro-differential equations defined on the surface of the structure only (boundary integral equations). The unknowns, the hybrid potential density as well as the shell displacement vector, are developed into Fourier series with respect to the natural cylindrical coordinate. Each angular component of the unknown functions is then expanded as series of Legendre polynomials, the coefficients of which are calculated thanks to a Galerkin method derived from the energetic form of the equations. The whole method can also be applied to predict the response of the coupled structure to a harmonic or a random excitation. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

An Accurate Solution of the Poisson Equation by the Finite Difference-Chebyshev-Tau Method

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用三分量LDV测量壁湍流边界层

本文用三分量激光多普勒测速仪对壁湍流边界层进行了测量，经过数据处理后，给出了各湍流参数的分布曲线，并与Ｄｊｅｎｉｄｉ等的测量结果进行了比较，吻合得很好。结果表明，用３Ｄ－ＬＤＶ研究湍流是可行的     

湍流边界层空间特征尺度的层析TRPIV测量

利用层析TRPIV测量得到的平板湍流边界层三维三分量速度场数据库,计算得到了平板湍流边界层空间耗散尺度、剪切尺度、泰勒微分尺度、积分尺度等典型空间特征尺度分别为3～5,40～100,20～50,4000个壁面单位,发现耗散尺度随法向位置缓慢增加,剪切尺度在靠近壁面的区域随法向位置变化不明显,积分尺度已不随法向位置变化....     

具有域内支承的中厚板的边界元法分析

本文借助简化的Reissner理论,利用边界元法对具有域内支承的中厚板进行了分析。建立了相应的边界积分方程,导出了各基本解,讨论了域内支承柱对板的支承情况,编制了计算程序并给出部分算例。     

低湍流度风洞中湍流度对平板边界层转捩影响的试验研究

本文报告了在西北工业大学壁低流度风洞中进行了平板边界层转捩试验研究的简况及初步结果，试验湍流度为０．０２％、０．１％及０．３３％，用恒温热线风速仪测量时均速度型，求得边界层沿流向的位移厚度分布，并用示波器观察速度脉动脉形变化，从而确定起始转捩点和完全转捩点位置。结果表明，转捩的规律性和国外经典结果极为吻合。