强度依存耦合J-C模型中光场强度对原子共振荧光的影响

本文应用量子电动力学理论,研究了强度依存耦合的二能级原子与单模光场相互作用系统中,光场强度对原子共振荧光的影响.证明了系统的共振荧光仍有三峰带结构,光场强度的增加,将使三峰带结构更加明显,但当光场强度很大,使得本征谱分裂值等于一个激光光子能量时,三峰带结构变为双峰带结构,而且边峰带由单光子跃迁变为双光子跃迁.     

Cooperative two-photon resonance fluorescence of a three-level atom

We have calculated the Green function describing the physical process where a three level atom interacts with a strong pump field as well as with a weak perturbing signal field in the limit of high photon densities. The theory is then used to describe the cooperative two-photon resonance fluorescence which occurs when the sum of the two atomic transition frequencies is nearly twice the frequency of the pump field. Our atomic system is equivalent to a two-level atom when the degeneracy of the ground state is removed by a Stark field. The excitation spectrum has been found to consist of new bands and sidebands which exist only in the presence of the Stark field. The resonance process which occurs when the Stark splitting is in the neighbourhood of the energy shift induced by the laser field has been discussed in detail.     

Anisotropic ultrafast dissociation probed by the Doppler effect in resonant photoemission from CF4

The resonant Auger spectrum from the decay of F 1s-excited CF4 is measured. Several lines exhibit a nondispersive kinetic energy as the exciting photon energy is tuned through the resonance region. The F 1s(-1) atomiclike Auger line is split into two components due to the emission of Auger electrons by a fragment in motion, when electron emission is observed along the polarization vector of the light. This Doppler splitting is direct evidence that the core excitation leads to T(d)-->C(3v) symmetry lowering, by elongation of a specific C-F bond preferentially aligned along the polarization vector of the incident photon.     

硅中浅杂质的激光感应光电导谱

首次采用光子能量小于硅中浅受主杂质电离能的可调谐远红外激光器作为激发源,获得了硅中浅受主杂质的光电导谱.可调谐半导体远红外激光器的调谐范围为380～500cm~(-1),光子流密度约10~(18)/cm~2·sec,用双光子跃迁对光电导谱进行了解释.对于Si:Al样品,光电导谱中的双峰分别相应于2P~1和2P~2中间态的双光子共振跃迁.也观察到了双光子透明的反共振现象.     

Xe-Kr laser induced collisional ionization system and experimental preparation of its initial state: Four-photon resonant excitation

This paper proposes a novel one-colour Xe-Kr laser induced collisional ionization system. Considering the level scheme of the system, it finds that the initial state of the reaction--the four 4f levels with even J of Xe-can be prepared through method of four-photon resonant excitation by dye laser with wavelength of -440 nm. Absorption of an additional photon （the transfer laser） of the same wavelength will complete the laser induced collisional ionization process. The resonance enhanced ionization spectrum of Xe by four laser photons at -440nm is measured through time-of-flight mass spectrometry, this aims at the preparation of the initial state of the system proposed. The Stark broadening of the measured spectrum is observed and consistent with the previous study. Analysis of the measured resonance ionization spectrum implies the feasibility of -440 nm four-photon resonant excitation of the initial 4f state of the Xe Kr system proposed in this paper, which prepares for a further experiment of laser induced collisional ionization.     

Elastic scattering of electrons by metastable hydrogen atoms in the presence of a resonant laser field

Within the framework of the rotating wave approximation the elastic scattering of electrons by metastable 2s state of hydrogen atoms is studied in the presence of a resonant laser field. The frequency of the circularly polarized laser field is chosen to match the 2s-3p transition frequency in the hydrogen atom. Variation of the cross section with laser intensity and with incident electron energy (50-150 eV) is investigated. Received: 18 July 1997 / Received in final form: 5 December 1997 / Accepted: 19 January 1998     

Phonon-Assisted Photoluminescence in a Spherical Nanocrystal

Using the matrix density in the representation of path integrals for an electron, the multiphoton nonlinear absorption light coefficient in the second order of interaction energy with polar optical phonons is derived. This coefficient describes any electron interaction mechanism with phonons. From the interaction mechanism, the main role is played by dimensional resonance when the electron continuously absorbs energy from the field as a result of synchronizing its oscillation with the field. This dimensional resonance is possible when the frequency characterizing the laser field is a multiple of the phonon frequency. Whether a photon is absorbed or emitted, the initial level from where the transition occurs defines the temperature dependence. The absorption spectrum has the form of stripes whose intensity depends on the resonance character. The most pronounced absorption is at the triple resonance, where values of radiation and oscillatory and optical phonon frequencies are equal. __________ Published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 72, No. 5, pp. 654–659, September–October, 2005.     

Triggering of high voltage discharge by femtosecond laser filaments on different wavelengths

The triggering and guiding of high voltage discharge by plasma filaments generated by 400 nm and 800 nm femtosecond laser were studied experimentally. The detailed diagnostics for characteristics of filaments, such as amount of free electrons, diameter and electron density, were performed using sonographic method, fluorescence imaging and resistivity measurement. A significant reduction of the breakdown voltage threshold due to the pre-ionization of the air gap by laser pulse filaments was observed. It is shown that the 400 nm laser pulses demonstrated stronger triggering ability than 800 nm laser pulse under same pulse energy. This behavior of 400 nm femtosecond pulse is connected to the rich population of highly excited particles in filaments.     

49S里德堡态的射频双光子光谱

在室温铯原子蒸气池中, 由铯原子基态、激发态和里德堡态构建了阶梯型三能级系统, 研究了里德堡原子阶梯型三能级系统的电磁感应透明(EIT). 在实现电磁感应透明的基础上, 利用16.9 GHz的射频电场耦合相邻的原子里德堡态, 实现49S_1/2→47D_3/2的双光子跃迁, 测量了里德堡原子的射频双光子光谱, 观察到了电磁感应透明光谱的分裂, 进一步研究了电场强度对射频双光子光谱的影响. 利用里德堡原子的EIT效应可实现对射频电场幅值和极化的精密测量, 具有潜在的应用前景.     

Determination of the 5p fine structure splitting of 6Li by light shift spectroscopy

We have determined the fine structure splitting of the 5p state of fermionic Lithium ⁶Li by laser spectroscopy of the 3s-5p transition in a vapor cell. The transition is monitored by observing the light shift of the 3s-state caused by the coupling to the 5p state. The value of 607.7 MHz agrees well with the theoretical prediction and establishes its first experimental determination. We have also determined the frequency ratio between the 3s-5p transition and the lithium-6 D2 line with a commercial high resolution wave meter and present values with improved precision relative to previous measurements.     

超强脉冲激光辐照固体靶背表面的渡越辐射

 在超强脉冲激光与固体靶相互作用中,利用光学CCD相机和光学多道分析仪,分别在固体薄膜靶背表面法线方向测量了渡越辐射（TR）积分成像图案和光谱。测量结果显示：TR空间分布图案呈圆环状,而辐射区域有发散角和光强分布;TR光谱在800 nm附近出现尖峰,是激光的基频波,这一现象归因于超热电子束在输运的过程中产生的微束团而引起的相干渡越辐射;如果考虑超热电子的产生和加热机制,共振吸收和真空加热对超热电子都有贡献,其中占主导地位的加热机制则是共振吸收对电子的加热。     

超热电子输运背向光辐射的实验研究

在100TW掺钛蓝宝石飞秒激光器上利用光学CCD相机和光学多道分析仪,分别在靶背法线方向测量了超热电子光辐射的空间分布和光谱.测量结果显示：光辐射空间分布图案呈圆环状,而辐射区域有发散角和光强分布,且包含多种辐射成分.光辐射光谱在800nm附近出现尖峰,是激光的基频(ω₀)波,这一现象归因于超热电子束在输运的过程中产生的微束团而引起的相干渡越辐射(CTR).随着激光能量的增加,CTR光谱峰向红光方向移动,基频波红移的主要原因是由于等离子体临界面的迅速膨胀.如果考虑超热电 关键词： 超热电子 光辐射 共振吸收 红移     

低速Xe~(q+)(4≤q≤20)离子与Ni表面碰撞中的光辐射

实验中测量了0.38V_(Bohr)(460 keV)高电荷态Xe~(q+)(4≤q≤20)离子轰击高纯Ni表面发射的400-510 nm光谱.实验结果包括NiⅠ原子谱线,NiⅡ离子谱线,以及入射离子中性化发射的XeⅠ,XeⅡ和XeⅢ谱线.研究了谱线XeⅡ410.419,XeⅢ430.444,XeⅡ434.200,XeⅡ486.254,NiⅠ498.245,NiⅠ501.697,NiⅠ503.502,NiⅠ505.061和NiⅠ508.293 nm的光子产额随着入射离子电荷态的变化.结果表明,入射离子中性化和溅射Ni原子发射谱线的光子产额随着入射离子电荷态的增加而增加,其趋势与入射离子势能一致.     

Photoemission electron microscopy as a tool for the investigation of optical near fields

Photoemission electron microscopy was used to image the electrons photoemitted from specially tailored Ag nanoparticles deposited on a Si substrate (with its native oxide SiO(x)). Photoemission was induced by illumination with a Hg UV lamp (photon energy cutoff homega(UV) = 5.0 eV, wavelength lambda(UV) = 250 nm) and with a Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser (homega(l) = 3.1 eV, lambda(l) = 400 nm, pulse width below 200 fs), respectively. While homogeneous photoelectron emission from the metal is observed upon illumination at energies above the silver plasmon frequency, at lower photon energies the emission is localized at tips of the structure. This is interpreted as a signature of the local electrical field therefore providing a tool to map the optical near field with the resolution of emission electron microscopy.     

双光子吸收光谱

本文报道以皮秒脉冲激光抽运的光参量放大器为宽带可调谐激发光源，直接测量非线性光学材料的双光子吸收谱的方法。光参量放大器不但可调谐谱带很宽，而且可用一对尼科尔棱镜很容易地实现全波段功率足够强和相等，使此方法的测量结果准确可靠。用此方法研究了一个新有机化合物的双光子吸收谱。实验结果表明所测的新有机化合物在很宽的波长范围内呈现出很大的双光子吸收截面。     

One- and two-photon resonance fluorescence of a three-level atom at high photon densities

We consider the possible physical processes that may arise in a three-level atom when only two of its levels interact with a strong electromagnetic field and when the atomic transition frequency is nearly equal to once and twice the frequency of the laser field, respectively. There have been found pronounced cooperative effects in the spectrum of the two-level system, which is in resonance with the laser field, arising from the presence of the third level. The excitation spectra describing the transitions from the first excited state into the second excited state and from that to the ground state consist, apart from the two central peaks, of two pairs of sidebands which are induced by the laser field of the neighbouring system. Detailed expressions of the spectral functions for the physical processes of one- and two-photon resonance fluorescence have been derived and discussed in the limit of high photon densities. The excitation spectrum of the low frequency modes has been considered and discussed in detail. It is found that quantum beats in spontaneous emission may appear in the spectra of the one- and two-photon resonance fluorescence arising from the interference between the two atomic transition frequencies and the frequency of the laser field. The importance of the low frequency modes that occur in the processes in question has been pointed out.     

Rydberg原子的微波电磁感应透明-Autler-Townes光谱

主要研究了室温下微波场缀饰的铯Rydberg原子的电磁感应透明-Autler-Townes(EIT-AT)光谱.首先,以铯原子6S_(1/2)→6P_(3/2)→50S_(1/2)形成阶梯型三能级系统,利用强耦合光作用于6P_(3/2)→50S_(1/2)的Rydberg跃迁,弱探测光耦合基态跃迁6S_(1/2)→6P_(3/2)并探测由耦合光形成的电磁感应透明(EIT)效应.然后,以频率为30.582 GHz的微波电场耦合相邻的Rydberg能级50S_(1/2)→50P_(1/2)产生微波AT分裂.利用Rydberg EIT探测微波耦合相邻Rydberg能级产生的AT分裂,形成EIT-AT光谱,进而实现微波电场的测量.当微波场的强度增加到一定值时,EIT-AT光谱表现为多峰光谱结构.分析EIT-AT多峰光谱的成因,发现这主要是由场的不均匀性导致的,一定的EIT-AT光谱特征对应于特定的非均匀场分布.研究表明,利用Rydberg EIT-AT光谱可以实现微波电场的测量,利用其光谱特征可实现微波场的实时监测,进而提出了一种提高微波场空间分辨率的测量方法.     

Non-adiabatic transition in C2H5OH+ on a light-dressed potential energy surface by ultrashort pump-and-probe laser pulses

We experimentally investigate how parameters of ultrashort laser pulses such as the pulse width and wavelength could induce changes in the dynamics of vibrational wave packets on the light-dressed-potential energy surface (LD-PES) of C₂H₅OH⁺ using a pump-and-probe pulse excitation scheme. The probability of non-adiabatic transition at 800 nm from the singly ionized ground state to the repulsive excited state leading to C–O bond breaking is enhanced when a probe laser pulse is delayed by ～180 fs. At this pulse delay, on the other hand, C–C bond breaking is significantly suppressed. Therefore, the deformation of LD-PES is considered to change the direction of the wave packet traveling originally along the C–C stretching into the direction along the C–O stretching. This non-adiabatic transition leading to the redirection of the dissociating wave packet is found to occur more efficiently at the probe laser wavelengths at 400 nm than at 800 nm. The critical pulse delay is still ～180 fs even at 400 nm.     

飞秒激光在6H SiC晶体表面制备纳米微结构

激光诱导周期性纳米微结构在多种材料包括电介质、半导体、金属和聚合物中观察到。研究了800nm和400nm飞秒激光垂直聚焦于6H SiC晶体表面制备纳米微结构。实验观察到800nm和400nm线偏光照射样品表面分别得到周期为150nm和80nm的干涉条纹,800nm圆偏振激光单独照射样品表面得到粒径约100nm的纳米颗粒。偏振相互垂直的800nm和400nm激光同时照射晶体得到粒径约100nm的纳米颗粒阵列,该纳米阵列的方向随400nm激光强度增加而向400nm偏振方向偏转。利用二次谐波的观点对以上纳米结构的形成给出了解释。     

Laser polarization effects on K-shell Compton scattering

We study Compton scattering on the ground state of the hydrogen atom in the presence of an intense low-frequency electric field (the laser) of arbitrary polarization, for incident and scattered photons of energies around 15 keV. The adopted formalism is the nonrelativistic one developed by Voitkiv et al. [J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 36, 1907 (2003)] and applied by them for a circularly polarized laser. We explore the spectrum and the electron energy distribution in their dependence on the incident photon energy or electric field intensity, for different polarizations.