置于超高真空环境且控温的超稳光学腔的腔线宽及零膨胀温度点测定

高精细度超稳光学法布里-珀罗腔可以提供高精度的频率标准和频率分辨能力,在光学频率原子钟和量子精密测量等领域发挥重要作用,将其控温至零膨胀温度点可进一步有效提高超稳光学腔共振频率的稳定度。实验中构建了一套由超低膨胀系数的微晶玻璃材料制作的球型平凹F-P腔,镀有1560.5 nm和637.2 nm双波长高反多层介质膜,放置于可以精确控温的超高真空系统中。利用射频调制边带法测量得到超稳光学腔的自由光谱区为3.145 GHz,腔线宽～100 kHz,得到超稳光学腔在设定波长的精细度可高达30 000以上。在此基础上通过倍频波导器件将1560.5 nm激光倍频至780.25 nm,利用超稳光学腔共振频率和铷原子饱和吸收谱的对比,获得超稳光学腔在不同温度下共振频率的精确数值,根据相对腔长变化测量超稳光学腔系统的热膨胀特性,拟合得到零膨胀温度为(10.688±0.115)℃。高精细度光学腔提供了稳定的频率基准,同时可有效压窄激光线宽,抑制相位噪声,是产生优质光源的重要工具。我们已将其优异的短期频率稳定性和极低的频率噪声应用于通过高稳定度的637.2 nm红光腔增强倍频实现高稳定度的318.6 nm窄...     

半导体超晶格子带间跃迁的光学双稳

运用Kronig-Penney(KP)模型的新形式,研究半导体超晶格中子带间跃迁的光学双稳特性。由二子能带模型密度矩阵方法,导出了子带间光跃迁的Maxwell-Bloch(MB)方程。从MB方程的定态解出发,得到了环形腔中超晶格子带间跃迁的光学双稳态方程,进而讨论了这种光学双稳的特点以及实现的条件。关键词：     

高精细度光学参考腔的自主化研制

高精细度超稳光学参考腔是获得超窄线宽激光的核心部件.本文报道了面向空间应用的高精细度球形超稳光学参考腔自主化研制及其初步测试结果.设计球形腔体直径为80 mm,腔长78 mm,采用平-凹腔镜结构,凹镜曲率半径为0.5 m.使用有限元方法计算了该参考腔的震动敏感度,最佳支撑位置的震动敏感度小于1×10~(-10)/g.采用超光滑表面三级抛光技术实现光学表面粗糙度小于0.4 nm(rms)的超精密加工,采用双离子束溅射法实现工作波长反射率大于99.999%、损耗小于4 ppm腔镜镀膜,干式光胶方法键合腔体和腔镜.利用扫腔线宽法和腔衰荡法对参考腔的线宽和精细度进行了测量,结果表明该参考腔的精细度约为195000,线宽为9.8 kHz.将698 nm半导体激光器锁定到该参考腔上测得其损耗5 ppm.与实验室进口同类型参考腔相比较,主要性能指标与其相当.     

基于传递函数的超稳激光器光学参考腔热仿真研究

当采用Pound-Drever-Hall(PDH)稳频技术将激光频率锁定在Fabry-Pérot(FP)腔时,激光的频率稳定性完全取决于FP腔的腔长稳定性,而外界环境的温度波动是参考腔腔长稳定性的重要影响因素之一。以典型的FP参考腔真空系统为研究对象,着眼于参考腔对外界温度变化的响应情况,通过理论分析推导出FP参考腔温度与外界温度的传递函数关系,并基于参考腔的温度敏感度曲线,给出参考腔温度敏感度的近似计算公式。数值计算结果证明了传递函数关系的正确性,敏感度近似计算公式的结果虽与理论值存在一定误差,但具有形式简单、参数直观、计算方便等特点,对超稳激光系统设计具有重要的指导意义。     

四通道超稳腔的振动分析及热分析

镱原子光钟是当前稳定度最好的光钟,其稳定度已经进入10?19的量级.依托于高精度的镱原子光钟,可以开展广义相对论的检验以及测地学等领域的科学和应用研究.镱原子光钟研制过程中需要用到多种频率的光,所以针对这些激光的频率控制是镱原子光钟研制的一项关键技术问题.本文针对钟激光以外其他四种激光的频率控制要求,以一个四通道超稳光...     

谱线自动提取的小波变换零交叉点方法

将原始光谱进行小波变换,然后研究谱线在小波变换域内呈现的特性,通过引入上、下零交叉点的概念,分析并得到吸收线和发射线分别对应于不同类型的零交叉点的结论。提出一种小波变换零交叉点方法用于提取谱线和拟合连续谱,与传统方法相比,该方法可以同时得到连续谱和谱线,并且无需专门去噪处理,克服了传统方法因拟合连续谱失真和去噪过程中带来的误差导致提取谱线不准确的缺点。通过对恒星、近邻星系等的试验表明,该方法是有效的, 对特征参数计算和基于谱线的光谱分类是非常有利的。     

127)I2在633nm波段的超精细强谱线及稳频半导体激光器

报道了观察到的碘分子（¹²⁷I₂）在633nm波段的5组超精细强谱线,并对每组谱线的频率间距及相应振转能级的跃迁强度作出了计算,结果和实验吻合得很好．利用计算结果,对这5组谱线对应的振转能带作出了甄别．由于这些新谱线比用于氦氖激光器稳频的R（127）11.5跃迁强几百倍,因此利用这些新谱线作为半导体激光稳频的参考谱线,得到了功率为3mW的激光输出,这种半导体激光可成为新型光频标．关键词：     

Nd:YVO4/KTP环形倍频激光器三次谐波稳频碘吸收谱线超精细结构的研究

采用三次谐波稳频的方法,对Nd：YVO4／KTP环形倍频激光器的碘吸收谱线的超精细结构进行研究,在实验上观测到的两组谱线的超精细结构与理论值基本相符,其中,观测到的R(70)36-1谱线属于第一激发态跃迁,这一结果尚未见报道。     

Vibration insensitive optical ring cavity

The mounting configuration of an optical ring cavity is optimized for vibration insensitivity by finite element analysis. A minimum response to vertical accelerations is found by simulations made for different supporting positions.     

基于发射光谱的DF激光器光腔温度与粒子数分布

 建立了谱线增益系数与温度、粒子数分布之间及谱线增益系数与谱线强度之间的关系式,对一台燃烧驱动DF激光器的发射光谱进行了测量,利用发射光谱数据计算得到光腔温度为381.4 K,分布在振动态能级1与0,振动能级2与1,振动能级3与2的粒子数之比分别为0.60～0.62, 0.676 4, 0.71～0.74。     

Design and test of the microwave cavity in an optically-pumped Rubidium beam frequency standard

We are developing a compact rubidium atomic beam frequency standard with optical pumping and detection.The cavity for microwave interrogation is an important part of the clock.The cavity in our design is a Ramsey-type,E-bend one,which is the same as the conventional method in most cesium beam clocks.Requirements for the design are proposed based on the frequency shift associated with the cavity.The basic structure of the cavity is given by theoretical analysis and detailed dimensions are determined by means of electromagnetic field simulation with the help of commercial software.The cavity is manufactured and fabricated successfully.The preliminary test result of the cavity is given,which is in good agreement with the simulation.The resonant frequency is 6.835 GHz,equal to the clock transition frequency of87Rb,and the loaded quality factor is 500.These values are adjustable with posts outside the cavity.Estimations on the Ramsey line width and several frequency shifts are made.     

An Yb-fiber frequency comb phase-locked to microwave standard and optical reference

We present a fully stabilized Yb-fiber frequency comb locked to a microwave standard and an optical reference separately. The carrier-envelope offset frequency is generated by a standard f–2f interferometer with 40 dB signal-tonoise ratio. The offset frequency and the repetition rate are stabilized simultaneously to the radio frequency reference for more than 30 hours, and the fractional Allan deviation of the comb is the same as the microwave standard of 10^-12 at 1 s.Alternatively, the comb is locked to an ultra-stable optical reference at 972 nm using an intracavity electro-optic modulator,exhibiting a residual integrated phase noise of 458 mrad(1 Hz–10 MHz) and an in-loop tracking stability of 1.77× 10^-18 at 1 s, which is significantly raised by six orders comparing to the case locked to the microwave frequency standard.     

All-optical frequency multiplication/recovery based on a semiconductor optical amplifier ring cavity

A novel scheme for all-optical frequency multiplication/recovery based on a semiconductor optical amplifier ring cavity is proposed and investigated numerically. The results show, for a 2.5 GHz driving pulse train, it can be generated 5-25 GHz repetition rate pulse trains with low clock amplitude jitter, polarization independence and high peak power. Furthermore, the extraction of the clock signal from a pseudorandom bit sequence signal can be realized based on the proposed scheme.     

The vibration spectrum and high temperature phase transition of NaBF_4 single crystal

The polarized Raman spectrum of NaBF_4 single crystal measured by use of different geometric arrangements are reported. The obvious anisotropy of the crystal results in the degradation of degenerated modes of BF_4. Experiments show that the vibration frequencies decrease with the increasing of temperature. But when it above the phase transition point the v_1 symmetric stretching vibration is restored. From this, the phase transition temperature can be estimated to be 250℃ (523K).     

半导体物理效应及其应用讲座第四讲光吸收跃迁效应与半导体红外探测器的应用发展

光吸收跃迁效应是半导体光电探测器的基本物理过程.文章主要介绍光吸收跃迁效应在窄禁带半导体红外探测器应用方面的研究进展.讨论窄禁带半导体带间光吸收跃迁的理论和实验.文章还介绍了本征光吸收系数的表达式及其在材料表征和确定器件截止波长方面的应用,以及它在解释近年来发现的HgCdTe光电二极管电致负荧光现象方面的应用.     

Experimental investigations on the external cavity time signature in chaotic output of an incoherent optical feedback external cavity semiconductor laser

Chaotic dynamics of a semiconductor laser subject to incoherent optical feedback (IOF) are experimentally investigated, and the external cavity time are retrieved and measured from intensity time series of the laser output by using self-correlation function and the mutual information. Through moderating feedback strength and injection current of the laser, the external cavity time signature of the laser chaotic output is effectively attenuated, and then the security of such chaos encryption system can be assured to a certain degree.     

HOE在光测高温中的应用研究

本文讨论了HOE在光测高温技术中的应用问题,并给出了初步实验结果。     

Determination of reference values for optical characteristics in multiwavelength optical detection and ranging (lidar) measurements of atmospheric extinction coefficients

We have studied multiple regressions between the spectral aerosol extinction coefficient ε, backscatter indicatrix g_π, and light-scattering coefficients β_θ at angles of θ = 1–180°, which we used to select the optimal scattering angle for determining the extinction coefficient at the wavelengths 0.350, 0.532, and 1.060 μm. We have estimated the errors in determination of the values of ε and g_π at the given wavelengths for different atmospheric situations with different meteorological parameters. We have shown that it is possible to use the spectral β_θ values at a 33° angle to determine the reference values for ε(λ) and g_π(λ) at λ = 0.350, 0.532, and 1.060 μm in laser detection and ranging (lidar) measurements, and we give examples of recovering the vertical profiles of ε in a slightly turbid atmosphere from the results of simultaneous multiwavelength lidar and nephelometric measurements. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 74, No. 6, pp. 767–772, November–December, 2007.