The deuteron wave function at short range and the triton

It is shown that if one assumes something between zero and the prediction of the scaling model with dipole fit for the neutron electric form factor, then a variety of short-range behaviour for the deuteron wave function is consistent with existing experimental data on the deuteron electric form factor. This still relatively wide latitude for the inner deuteron wave function, consistent with existing experimental electromagnetic data, gives rise to an off-shell variation of approximately 1.2 MeV in the triton binding energy with a fixed ¹S₀ interaction and a P_D varying from 4.5 to 6.5 %. Interactions with greater densities of matter at short range bind the triton more strongly and closer to the experimental value. An off-shell variation of 0.7 MeV is obtained with a fixed p_d and singlet interaction. However, a single measurement of the deuteron tensor polarization at about q² = 20 fm^?2 would severely restrict this variation.     

High momentum components of the deuteron wave function

The tail of spectator distribution for the reaction K⁺d ?K⁺ π^?pp is studied with the inclusion of inelastic intermediate states in the double scattering. The result seems to indicate the existence of high momentum components for the deuteron wave function.     

Does deuteron stripping in nuclear collisions test the wave function?

In a simple, parameter-free model for deuteron stripping we calculate the inclusive proton spectrum in the deuteron fragmentation region. The spectrum does not reflect in any simple manner the behavior of the deuteron wave function. We find that in the deuteron rest frame the transverse distribution is substantially wider than the longitudinal one. The physical reasons for this result are discussed. We obtain good agreement with existing data and make predictions for expected ones.     

Parametrization of realistic Bethe-Salpeter amplitude for the deuteron

The parametrization of the realistic Bethe-Salpeter amplitude for the deuteron is given. Eight components of the amplitude in the Euclidean space are presented as an analytical fit to the numerical solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation in the ladder approximation. The applicability of the parametrization to the observables of the deuteron is briefly discussed.     

Parametrization of the deuteron wave function of the Paris NN potential

We present a convenient analytical parametrization, in both configuration and momentum spaces, of the deuteron wave-function calculated with the Paris potential.     

An understanding of the properties of the dineutron and the deuteron in terms of quantum wave function interference

The recently reported evidence for the existence of an unstable state of the dineutron has raised again the issues associated with this particle and with the related deuteron. For the dineutron there is the question of why it has no stable ground state, while for the deuteron the magnetic and electric properties are unusual. In this Letter we show how it is possible to explain these effects in a simple way, using only considerations of interference between the wave functions of two spin 1/2 particles in the same energy state.     

用数字示波器观测拍与调幅波

介绍了拍与调幅波的原理,提出了利用数字示波器观测拍与调幅波的方法.通过实验观测,加深了对拍和调幅波原理的理解.     

The longitudinal response function of the deuteron in chiral effective field theory

We use chiral effective field theory (χEFT) to make predictions for the longitudinal electromagnetic response function of the deuteron, f _L , which is measured in d(e, e′N) reactions. In this case the impulse approximation gives the full χEFT result up to $\mathcal{O}(P^4 )$ relative to leading order. By varying the cutoff in the χEFT calculation between 0.6 and 1 GeV we conclude that the calculation is accurate to better than 10% for values of q ² within 4 fm^?2 of the quasi-free peak, up to final-state energies E _np = 60 MeV. In these regions χEFT is in reasonable agreement with predictions for f _L obtained using the Bonn potential. We also find good agreement with existing experimental data on f _L , albeit in a more restricted kinematic domain.     

On the determination of the deuteron asymptotic D- to S-state wave function ratio by the pole-extrapolation method: Truncation errors

The pole-extrapolation method for determining the asymptotic D-state to S-state wave function ratio of the deuteron is discussed. It is concluded that the method is subject to systematic errors of 10–20% or more, which result from truncation of the polynomial series used to extrapolate the d-p elastic scattering measurements. We see no clear-cut evidence that the polynomial series is converging.     

The reflection of a finite amplitude wave from a curvilinear unsteady shock wave

The reflection of a wave of finite amplitude from a curvilinear unsteady shock wave has been analyzed. A formula connecting reflected wave parameters with that of the incident wave, curvature and shock wave intensity has been obtained in closed form.     

The collapse of the wave function

Probability distributions are seen to be observer dependent. The probability function can be put into an observer-dependent form. This eliminates the acausal behavior of the collapse of the wave function.     

The effect of amplitude envelope on the pitch of sine wave tones

Psychophysical experiments show that the pitch of a short sine wave tone depends upon the amplitude envelope of the tone. Subjects find that the pitch of an exponentially decaying tone (1dB/ms) is higher than the pitch of a (20-ms) rectangularly gated tone of equal frequency. The percentage difference in frequency required to produce equal pitches with the two envelopes depends upon frequency fo: 2.6% at fo = 412 Hz, 1.4% at fo = 825 Hz, 1% at fo = 1650 Hz, and 0.7% at fo = 3300 Hz. The pitch change is insensitive to the relative intensities of the two tones. The spectra of tones with the two different envelopes suggest no obvious explanation for the pitch change. However, the weighted time-varying spectra for tones with two different envelopes evolve differently with time. Alternatively the pitch change can be derived from a modified version of the auditory phase theory of Huggins.     

The statistical wave function

Statistical considerations are applied to quantum mechanical amplitudes. The physical motivation is the progress in the spectroscopy of highly excited states, The corresponding wave functions are strongly mixed. In terms of a basis set of eigenfunctions of a zeroth-order Hamiltonian with good quantum numbers, such wave functions have contributions from many basis states. The vector x is considered whose components are the expansion coefficients in that basis. Any amplitude can be written as a·x. It is argued that the components of x and hence other amplitudes can be regarded as random variables. The maximum entropy formalism is applied to determine the corresponding distribution function. Two amplitudes a·x and b·x are independently distributed if b·a=0. It is suggested that the theory of quantal measurements implies that, in general, one can one determine the distribution of amplitudes and not the amplitudes themselves.This paper is dedicated to Prof. Howard Reiss on the occasion of his 66th birthday.     

Neutron structure function and deuteron EMC effect

Using the impulse approximation, a relativistic formalism for the deuteron structure function is given in the conventional nuclear model. The nucleon density distribution function is obtained by combining the Blankenbecler-Cook vertex factor with the Buck-Gross deuteron wave function. A new procedure is developed to extract the neutron structure function from empirical data on proton and deuteron targets. The results are used to evaluate the deuteron EMC effects in the conventional nuclear model.     

Measurement of the tensor structure function b1 of the deuteron

The Hermes experiment has investigated the tensor spin structure of the deuteron using the 27.6 GeV/c positron beam of DESY HERA. The use of a tensor-polarized deuteron gas target with only a negligible residual vector polarization enabled the first measurement of the tensor asymmetry A(d)zz and the tensor structure function b(d)1 for average values of the Bjorken variable 0.01< <0.45 and of the negative of the squared four-momentum transfer 0.5 GeV2 < <5 GeV2. The quantities A(d)zz and b(d)1 are found to be nonzero. The rise of b(d)1 for decreasing values of x can be interpreted to originate from the same mechanism that leads to nuclear shadowing in unpolarized scattering.     

Phase-shifting interferometry by wave amplitude modulation

A new method for phase-shifting interferometry based on wave amplitude modulation is proposed and discussed. This proposal is based on the interference of three waves, where two waves attend as two reference waves and the other wave attends as a probe wave. Thereby, three interference terms are obtained, but because a phase difference of π/2 between the two references is kept constant, one of the three terms will be dropped, while the two remaining will be put in quadrature. Under these conditions, the resulting pattern is mathematically modeled by an interferogram of two waves, where an additional phase is given by the amplitude variations of the reference waves. In this Letter, both a theoretical model and some numerical simulations are presented.