新型导电盐(三氟甲基磺酰)(三氟乙氧基磺酰)亚胺锂及其非水电解液的制备与性能

制备了一种新型含氟磺酰亚胺锂盐(三氟甲基磺酰)(三氟乙氧基磺酰)亚胺锂{Li[(CF₃SO₂)·(CF₃CH₂OSO₂)N], Li[TFO-TFSI]}及其与碳酸乙烯酯(EC)/碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)混合溶剂(3∶7, 体积比)组成的非水电解液. 采用核磁共振波谱(NMR)、 红外光谱(IR)、 质谱(MS)、 元素分析(EA)和离子色谱(IC)等手段对合成锂盐Li[TFO-TFSI]进行了结构表征及纯度分析. 通过差示量热扫描(DSC)和热重分析(TG)对Li[TFO-TFSI]及其电解液1.0 mol/L Li[TFO-TFSI]-EC/EMC(3∶ 7)的热学性质进行了表征. 采用交流阻抗(EIS)、 循环伏安(CV)、 计时安培法及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对Li[TFO-TFSI]/碳酸酯电解液的基础物化和电化学性质进行了表征. 结果表明, Li[TFO-TFSI]/碳酸酯电解液具有较好的电化学稳定性; 在4.2 V(vs. Li/Li⁺)以下Al箔不发生腐蚀; 室温下基于Li[TFO-TFSI]/碳酸酯电解液的Li/人造石墨和人造石墨/LiCoO₂电池均保持较好的循环性能, 特别是人造石墨/LiCoO₂锂离子电池循环100周后, 其比容量保持率明显高于相应的基于LiPF₆/碳酸酯电解液体系的电池.     

以二(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺锂为基底的室温熔融盐电解质热学及电化学性质的比较研究

制备了一系列二(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺锂[LiN(SO₂CF3)₂,LiTFSI]与尿素及其衍生物形成的新型室温熔融盐电解质,并对其热学性质及电导率进行了比较研究.受甲基取代基的影响,LiTFSI-甲基脲体系的共熔温度最低,为-38℃.LiTFSI-尿素体系的室温电导率最高,为1.74×10^-4S/cm,50℃电导率为1.24×10^-3S/cm.     

双(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺钠基聚合物电解质在固态钠电池中的性能

采用简单的溶液浇铸法制备出由双（三氟甲基磺酰）亚胺钠（NaTFSI）/聚氧乙烯（PEO）构筑的固态聚合物电解质（SPE）,并针对其相转变、结晶性、热稳定性、电导率以及电化学稳定性等基础理化及电化学性质进行了系统表征。结果表明,NaTFSI/PEO（[EO]/[Na⁺]=15）SPE具有相对高的电导率（σ ≈ 10^-3 S·cm^-1,80℃）、高的耐氧化能力（4.86 V vs Na⁺/Na）和热稳定性高达350℃。电池测试结果表明,该NaTFSI基SPE不仅对金属钠电极能够呈现出优异的界面稳定性,而且在Na|SPE|NaCu_1/9Ni_2/9Fe_1/3Mn_1/3O₂电池中展现出良好的循环和倍率性能。     

新型室温熔盐二(三氟甲基磺酸酰)亚胺锂-乙酰胺/乙烯脲体系的研究

制备了二(三氟甲基磺酸酰)亚胺锂[LiN(SO₂CF₃)₂,LiTFSI]与乙酰胺和乙烯脲形成的新型室温熔盐,分析了其热学和电化学性能.LiTFSI-乙酰胺体系的热学稳定性好,低共熔温度为-62.18℃.电化学测试表明,LiTFSI-乙酰胺体系的电导率较高,n(LiTFSI):n(Acetamide)=1:6.5样品的室温电导率为1.08×10^-3S/cm,60℃时电导率为5.35×10^-3S/cm;摩尔比为1:4.0样品的电化学稳定电位窗为3V左右.     

双(多氟烷氧基磺酰)亚胺碱金属盐的合成、表征及锂盐电解液的性质

制备并表征了双(三氟乙氧基磺酰)亚胺{[N(SO2OCH2CF3)2]-,TFESI-}和双(六氟异丙氧基磺酰)亚胺({N[SO2OCH(CF3)2]2}-,HFPSI-)2个阴离子的10种碱金属盐,并采用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)和热重分析仪(TGA)研究了其相变行为和热稳定性.测试了LiTFESI和LiHFPSI与碳酸乙烯酯(EC)/碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)(3∶7,体积比)组成的电解液的电导率、氧化电位及对铝箔的腐蚀性.结果表明,所制备的碱金属盐均具有较高的纯度和热分解温度(200℃)及较低的熔点(117~211℃);LiTFESI-EC/EMC和LiHFPSIEC/EMC电解液均具有较高的电导率和氧化电位,并对铝箔具有良好的钝化性能,有可能作为锂离子电池的导电盐或添加剂.     

新型室温熔盐二(三氟甲基磺酸酰)亚胺锂-乙酰胺体系的谱学研究

从分析二(三氟甲基磺酸酰)亚胺锂(LiTFSI)与乙酰胺形成熔盐的作用机制出发,通过红外和拉曼光谱的谱学分析并应用非局部密度泛函方法进行量化计算来对二者的相互作用进行了讨论.发现乙酰胺通过Li—O键与LiTFSI中Li+配位而破坏了LiTFSI的离子键,形成很大的配位阳离子,且正电荷被屏蔽在乙酰胺分子中;而TFSI-离子中电荷的部分离域导致电荷被终端—CF3基团屏蔽在整个分子中,这样两个大的阴阳离子间的库伦作用很弱;同时Li—O配位也导致乙酰胺分子间的氢键断裂,因而室温下体系以液体状态稳定存在.     

三氟甲基嘧啶磺酰脲的合成与除草活性

以三氟乙酰乙酸乙酯和盐酸胍为原料,经环合、氯化、甲氧基化、胺化反应合成了4种2-氨基-4-取代-6-三氟甲基嘧啶中间体(Ⅰa~Ⅰd),Ⅰ与邻甲氧羰基苯磺酰异氰酸酯亲核加成,合成了3种含不同取代嘧啶环的磺酰脲化合物(Ⅱb~Ⅱd)。其中2-氨基-4-二甲胺基-6-三氟甲基嘧啶(Ⅰd)和N[-2-(′4-二甲胺基-6-三氟甲基)嘧啶基]-2-甲氧羰基苯磺酰脲(Ⅱd)为新化合物,结构经1H NMR和MS表征。初步除草活性测定结果表明,N-[2-′(4-甲氧基-6-三氟甲基)嘧啶基]-2-甲氧羰基苯磺酰脲(Ⅱc)在浓度为200 ga.i./ha时对稗草和马唐的防效分别为70%和50%。     

新(4′-三氟甲基嘧啶基)-2-苯磺酰脲衍生物的合成及生物活性

以单取代苯磺酰脲除草剂NK92825和NK94827为基础,将三氟甲基引入嘧啶环中,设计合成了17个新的4′-三氟甲基嘧啶苯磺酰脲化合物,产物结构均经1H NMR及元素分析确证.目标化合物经盆栽试验,结果表明,部分化合物有较好的除草活性.     

二氟二草酸硼酸锂对LiFePO4/石墨电池高温性能的影响

研究了二氟二草酸硼酸锂(LiODFB)作为锂盐加入到碳酸丙烯酯(PC)+碳酸乙烯酯(EC)+碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)(质量比为1:1:3)混合溶剂中对LiFePO4/石墨电池高温(60 ℃)循环性能的影响. 用线性扫描伏安法(LSV)测试了电解液的电化学窗口. 通过等离子发射光谱(ICP)和能量散射光谱(EDS)对LiFePO4材料高温条件下在不同电解液中的稳定性进行了研究; 并用扫描电镜(SEM)和电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)分析了石墨负极表面的固体电解液相界面(SEI)膜的热稳定性. 结果表明: 一方面LiODFB基电解液能抑制LiFePO4材料在高温条件下Fe(II)的溶解, 防止溶解的Fe(II)在石墨上还原, 有效地降低电池阻抗; 另一方面, 在LiODFB基电解液中形成的石墨负极表面SEI膜具有更好的热稳定性, 能显著提高LiFePO4/石墨电池的高温循环性能.     

(二氟甲基)三甲基硅烷试剂参与的二氟甲基化反应

与三氟甲基类似,二氟甲基对于药物开发非常重要,而(二氟甲基)三甲基硅烷试剂(Me₃SiCF₂H,经常被简写为TMSCF₂H)是最常用的二氟甲基化试剂之一. TMSCF₂H试剂参与的二氟甲基化反应曾长时间不受重视直到2011年之后才不断被报道.本文综述了TMSCF₂H试剂的制备方法,并根据不同反应类型的分类(亲核加成、亲核取代、金属参与的交叉偶联反应、C–H键官能团化等),综述了TMSCF2H参与的各类二氟甲基化反应的研究进展.     

Electrochemical instability of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide based ionic liquids as solvents in high voltage electrolytes for potassium ion batteries

1. Download : Download high-res image (153KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

The Effect of Phenyl Substitutions on Microstructures and Dynamics of Tetraalkylphosphonium Bis(trifluoro- methylsulfonyl)imide Ionic Liquids

Extensive atomistic simulations demonstrated that a gradual substitution of hexyl chains with phenyl groups in tetraalkylphosphonium cations results in remarkable changes in hydrogen bonding interactions, liquid structures and scattering structural functions, and rotational dynamics of hexyl chains and phenyl groups in tetraalkylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquids. Hydrogen donor sites in hexyl chains present competitive characteristics with those in phenyl groups in coordinating anions, as well as their continuous and intermittent hydrogen bonding dynamics. Cation-cation and anion-anion spatial correlations show concomitant shift to short distances with decreased peak intensities with variations of cation structures, whereas cation-anion correlations have a distinct shift to large radial distances due to decreased associations of anions with neighboring cations. These microstructural changes are qualitatively manifested in shifts of prominent peaks for prevalent charge alternations and adjacency correlations between ion species in scattering structural functions. Meanwhile, rotational dynamics of hexyl chains speed up, which, in turn, slow down rotations of phenyl groups, whereas anions exhibit imperceptible changes in their rotational dynamics. These computational results are intrinsically correlated with conformational flexibilities, molecular sizes, and steric hindrance effects of phenyl groups in comparison with hexyl chains, and constrained distributions of anions around cations in heterogeneous ionic environments.     

Physical and excess properties of (methyl acetate + methanol + 1-octyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) and its binary mixtures at T = 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure

Densities, dynamic viscosities, and refractive indices of the ternary system composed by methanol, methyl acetate, and 1-octyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and the binary combinations of these constituents have been measured. The excess molar volumes as well as molar refraction and viscosity changes of mixing were calculated and fitted to the Redlich–Kister equation to determine the fitting parameters and the root-mean-square deviations.     

Efficient Acetylation of Alcohols and Phenols Catalyzed by Recyclable Lithium Bis(perfluoroalkylsulfonyl)imide

An efficient acetylation of alcohols and phenols catalyzed by lithium bis(perfluoroalkylsulfonyl)-imide was developed. This acetylation features good yields, mild reaction condtions, and simple workup procedures. Furthermore, the catalyst bearing a long perfluoroalkyl chain is recoverable and readily reusable without losing any activity.     

Physical properties and phase equilibria of the system isopropyl acetate + isopropanol + 1-octyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide

Densities, refractive indices and dynamic viscosities of binary and ternary mixtures composed of isopropyl acetate, isopropanol, 1-octyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C₈mim][NTf₂]) have been determined at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The excess molar volumes and dynamic viscosity changes of mixing have been calculated and correlated using the Redlich–Kister polynomial equation. Isobaric vapour–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data have been determined experimentally for these binary and ternary systems at 101.32 kPa. The equilibrium data have been adequately correlated by means of Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC equations for the liquid phase activity coefficient.     

双草酸硼酸锂在锂离子电池中的应用研究进展

双草酸硼酸锂(LiBOB)是一种新型锂盐,和商业化的LiPF_66相比具有一定优势,在锂离子电池应用上受到许多学者的关注.本文介绍了LiBOB的热稳定性、分解产物无毒和保护铝箔集流体等基本性质,对LiBOB的固相和微波两种合成方法及其在不同的有机溶剂中的溶解性、电导率、高低温性能等方面进行了论述,分析了LiBOB与正极材料搭配性能和在石墨负极上的成膜性能,并对其发展方向进行了展望.     

Efficient Synthesis of Bis(4-Dimethaminophenyl)arylmethanes and Bis(4-Diamethaminophenyl)alkanes Using Iodine Reagent

A novel synthetic utility of NaICl₂ for the preparation of bis(4-dimethaminophenyl)arylmethanes and bis(4-dimethaminophenyl)alkanes is described. In the presence of an aqueous solution of NaICl₂, the reaction of arenes with aromatic aldehydes gives corresponding triarylmethane derivatives regioselectively in moderate to good yields. The method is also useful for the preparation of diarylalkane derivatives by using aliphatic aldehydes.

Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthetic Communications ^® to view the free supplemental file.     

Synthesis and characterization of new fluorene‐based poly(ether imide)s

A novel bis(ether anhydride) monomer, 9,9‐bis[4‐(3,4‐dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]fluorene dianhydride (4), was synthesized from the nitrodisplacement of 4‐nitrophthalonitrile by the bisphenoxide ion of 9,9‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)fluorene (1), followed by alkaline hydrolysis of the intermediate tetranitrile and dehydration of the resulting tetracarboxylic acid. A series of poly(ether imide)s bearing the fluorenylidene group were prepared from the bis(ether anhydride) 4 with various aromatic diamines 5a–i via a conventional two‐stage process that included ring‐opening polyaddition to form the poly(amic acid)s 6a–i followed by thermal cyclodehydration to the polyimides 7a–i. The intermediate poly(amic acid)s had inherent viscosities in the range of 0.39–1.57 dL/g and afforded flexible and tough films by solution‐casting. Except for those derived from p‐phenylenediamine, m‐phenylenediamine, and benzidine, all other poly(amic acid) films could be thermally transformed into flexible and tough polyimide films. The glass transition temperatures (T_g) of these poly(ether imide)s were recorded between 238–306°C with the help of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the softening temperatures (T_s) determined by thermomechanical analysis (TMA) stayed in the range of 231–301°C. Decomposition temperatures for 10% weight loss all occurred above 540°C in an air or a nitrogen atmosphere. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 1403–1412, 1999