荧光探针Ru(phen)2(dppx)2+测定H1N1禽流感病毒DNA

利用荧光探针Ru(phen)2dppx2+与ssDNA作用时不产生荧光或荧光很弱,而与dsDNA作用时荧光增强的机理,将H1N1禽流感病毒ssDNA与其完全互补ssDNA杂交形成dsDNA实现Ru(phen)2dppx2+对H1N1禽流感病毒DNA特定序列（5’-CTA CCA TGC GAA CAA TTC AAC CGA CAC TGT T-3’）的定量检测。在优化的实验条件下,测定H1N1禽流感病毒 DNA的线性范围为9.3×10-10～7.4×10-8 mol/L,线性关系：y = 3.3829x + 8.3948,R2 =0.9982,检出限为5.3×10-10 mol/L。该方法具有操作简单,检测快速,灵敏度高和选择好等优点。     

灿烂甲酚蓝在DNA修饰金电极上的电化学行为

利用自组装技术将巯基乙醇固定在金电极表面形成巯基乙醇自组装膜修饰金电极, 用乙基-(3-二甲基氨丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)为偶联试剂, 分别将鲱鱼精单链DNA(ssDNA)和双链DNA(dsDNA)固定于金电极表面形成ssDNA和dsDNA 修饰电极. 考察了灿烂甲酚蓝(BCB)在不同DNA 修饰电极上的电化学行为,结果表明, BCB 在ssDNA 和dsDNA 修饰电极上的吸附常数分别为1.67×10^4和3.22×10^4 L·mol-1, BCB 与ssDNA 主要以静电作用结合, 而与dsDNA作用存在静电和嵌插两种模式. dsDNA 对BCB 具有更高的亲和力, 使BCB 可以作为一种有效的电化学杂交指示剂.     

自组装DNA吸附取向的表面增强拉曼光谱法研究

对金基体上自组装寡聚核苷酸探针杂交前后进行电化学非现场及现场表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)研究.非现场SERS研究表明,杂交形成的dsDNA在基体表面以A型和B型两种构象同时存在,杂交过程可能伴随DNA链在基体表面吸附取向的变化.根据现场SERS研究结果可知,ssDNA及dsDNA的大多数SERS谱带强度随电极电位正移而降低,尤其是归属于碱基A的两种面外振动模式,谱带变化更为明显.利用SERS表面选择定则判断出随着电极电位由负向正变化,ssDNA及dsDNA螺旋吸附取向由垂直吸附向平躺吸附于金基体表面变化.     

水杨醛缩肼基甲酸甲酯铜配合物的合成、表征及其与DNA的相互作用

设计并合成了一种新的配体水杨醛缩肼基甲酸甲酯（salicylidenehydrazinocarboxylate,HL）,并以乙醇为溶剂,回流条件下合成了HL与铜的配合物。对其结构进行元素分析、摩尔电导率、紫外吸收光谱、红外吸收光谱、荧光光谱及电化学表征,结果表明,配合物同时含有2个M-O和1个M-N键形成的五元环和六元环,HL为多齿配体。并用荧光光谱法和电化学方法对配合物与DNA的相互作用进行了研究,结果表明,配合物与DNA的相互作用为插入式结合,其结合常数为3．40×10^5 L·mol^-1,该配合物与ssDNA和dsDNA有不同的荧光光谱性质,利用配合物的这种性质可以将其作为探针试剂识别dsDNA和ssDNA。     

用于DNA杂交检测的丝网印刷型生物传感器的研究

将单链DNA(ssDNA)固定到丝网印刷碳电极上构成电化学DNA传感器,采用电化学指示剂,建立DNA杂交的检测方法.Co(phen)33+电化学指示剂通过钴盐与配体邻菲罗啉络合制备,采用等离子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)和核磁共振法(NMR)表征功能基团,采用循环伏安法(CV)分析指示剂的电化学特性,并以此为基础研究ssDNA在电极表面的固定及DNA杂交过程.本研究探讨了直接吸附、静电吸附与键合等3种ssD-NA在电极表面的固定方法,结果表明,静电吸附法和键合法具有较高的ssDNA固定量,采用静电吸附法固定探针的电极杂交目标DNA后,Co(phen)33+易于嵌入双链DNA (dsDNA)中,CV峰电流(ip)信号随目标DNA浓度增加.本研究采用静电吸附ssDNA的电极检测DNA杂交,实验表明,当探针固定液中ssDNA浓度为5 mg/L时,目标DNA浓度在6.65×10- 8～4.26× 10-6mol/L范围内,Co(phen)33+在dsDNA修饰电极上ip值与DNA浓度呈良好的线性关系,R2为0.9819.本研究为建立新的微生物分子分型手段提供了初步依据.     

以乙二胺为手臂分子制备的DNA修饰电极及其伏安性能

Carboxyl was formed on the surface of glassy carbon electrode(GCE) by electrochemical oxidation. Ethylenediamine(En) was used as the arm molecule to link carboxyl with dsDNA using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N- hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as the activators to prepare dsDNA modified electrode(dsDNA/En/GCE). It was shown that dsDNA couM be covalently immobilized on the surface of GCE. ssDNA modified electrode(ssDNA/En/GCE) was obtained via the thermal denaturation of dsDNA/En/GCE. The dsDNA/En/GCE and ssDNA/En/GCE were characterized by voltammetry with methylene blue(MB) as the indicator. The results indicated that the currents of the redox peaks of MB at ssDNA/En/GCE were larger than those at dsDNA/En/GCE, and the currents of the redox peaks at En/GCE were the smallest. The peak-currents of MB at the DNA modified electrode had good reproducibility after multi-denaturation and hybridization cycles.     

烟酰胺与DNA相互作用的电化学研究

利用示差脉冲伏安法研究了烟酰胺(NA)与小牛胸腺DNA在pH 8.0条件下相互作用的电化学行为.双链DNA(dsDNA)或单链DNA(ssDNA)的存在导致NA的峰电流明显降低且峰电位负移,表明NA与DNA发生相互作用,生成了复合物,且其作用模式主要是静电模式,但NA与dsDNA的相互作用强于与ssDNA的相互作用,可用于识别dsDNA和ssDNA.通过dsDNA加入前后峰电流的变化,计算得出NA与dsDNA结合常数β=4.946×10(11),结合位点数m=3.此外,NA的峰电流Ip与DNA质量浓度在1～14mg/L的范围内呈线性关系,线性回归方程为Ip(10-5A)=-0.03451cDNA(mg/L)+1.7408,相关系数R为0.9998.该法具有良好的回收率和选择性,可用于样品中DNA的测定.     

盐酸黄连素作为脱氧核糖核酸荧光染料染色效果的研究

考察了盐酸黄连素（berberine hydrochloride）的荧光强度与双链DNA的相关性;优选盐酸黄连素在琼脂糖凝胶电泳中的最佳条件;将其染色效果与溴化乙锭（EB）进行比较;并从相对迁移率角度研究盐酸黄连素对DNA凝胶电泳的影响。结果显示,双链DNA对盐酸黄连素有明显的荧光增强作用,荧光强度与dsDNA的浓度正相关;凝胶中10mg／L的盐酸黄连素可分辨出10ng的100bp DNA条带,在完全相同的操作条件下,对于小片段dsDNA,其灵敏度略低于EB。因盐酸黄连素在碱性溶液中带正电荷,使DNA相对迁移率减小,但较染料EB的影响小。该研究为盐酸黄连素在日常分子生物学研究中的应用提供了理论依据。盐酸黄连素可以作为琼脂糖凝胶电泳中DNA的荧光染料,其荧光强度能够满足常规应用,可以替代强致癌性染料EB。     

利用无标记的分子信标及核酸染料Hoechst 33258检测特定序列核酸

利用无标记的分子信标及核酸染料Hoechst 33258建立了一种高灵敏、高选择性的特定序列核酸检测方法,并以野生型乙型肝炎病毒的一段寡核苷酸序列为目标DNA,对这种方法进行了验证。在此体系中,分子信标的茎完全设计成C/G碱基对。在没有目标DNA时,Hoechst 33258与分子信标作用较弱,其荧光信号很弱;当有目标DNA存在时,分子信标与目标DNA杂交形成双链,Hoechst 33258与双链DNA作用后荧光信号显著增强。在优化条件下,目标DNA浓度在2×10-10~2×10-8mol/L范围内时,Hoechst 33258的荧光强度(ΔI)与目标DNA的浓度(C)之间具有良好的线性关系,回归方程为ΔI=3.3439C+18.6949(R2=0.9982),方法检出限(3σ)为9×10-11mol/L。此方法操作简单、检测速度快、灵敏度高、重现性好、检出限低。     

噻唑橙类菁染料与生物大分子结合的光谱特性的研究

研究了两个噻唑橙类菁染料TO-1和TO-2与核酸、蛋白质结合的光谱特性.发现染料喹啉环中氮上取代基对染料标记生物大分子的荧光特性有着很大的影响.羧基的引入,使染料TO-2与核酸结合后的荧光性能下降,但同时也提高了它与蛋白质结合的光物理性能.研究表明:在喹啉环氮上引入适当的亲水性取代基,可以使噻唑橙类菁染料的应用范围拓展到蛋白质标记领域.并初步研究了蛋白质浓度的变化对染料TO-2的荧光光谱的影响以及TO-2在不同pH值的蛋白质溶液中的荧光性质.     

HEPT类化合物的QSAR研究

为定量结构／活性相关性研究提取了量子化学参数,拓扑指数Am,分子连接性指数^mxt及疏水性常数,同时应用正交变换和最佳变量子集算法（Leaps-and-Bonds)进行了变量压缩和选择,进而实施了多元回归分析,并由此结果进行了HEPT类化合物（1－[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)-thymine derivatives)的结构／活性关系的理论解释,进行了人工神经网络法对于该类化合物的活性预测,其结构明显好于多元回归法。     

Effect of the pH of the medium on the chemical shifts in the PMR spectra and on the distribution of the π-electron density

The dependence of the chemical shifts of the ring protons on the pH of the medium for a number of 4-hydroxyquinoline derivatives was studied by means of PMR spectroscopy. The dipolar and uncharged hydroxy forms exist in equilibrium in aqueous solutions. The effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding on the character of the dependence of the chemical shift on the pH of the medium in the case of 3-piperidinomethyl-4-hydroxyisoquinoline was investigated. The possibility of the separate protonation of the ring nitrogen and the side-chain nitrogen in 3-piperidinomethyl-4-hydroxyisoquinoline was established. The distribution of the -electron density in 4-hydroxyisoquinoline is in good agreement with its chemical behavior.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1546–1549, November, 1971     

Effect of the pH of the medium on the chemical shifts in the PMR spectra and on the distribution of the π-electron density

The dependence of the chemical shift of the ring protons on the pH of the medium for a number of 3-hydroxyquinoline derivatives was studied by PMR spectroscopy. The regions of ionization of the molecules, which correspond to the ranges of acidic, neutral, and alkaline media, were found. In D₂O, 3-hydroxyquinoline is present only in the uncharged hydroxy form. The presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in 4-dimethylaminomethyl-3-hydroxyquinoline has a substantial effect on the character of the dependence of the chemical shift on the pH of the medium; the existence of separate protonation of the nitrogen atoms of the ring and the side chain of 4-dimethylaminomethyl-3-hydroxyquinoline was established. The distribution of the -electron density in the 3-hydroxyquinoline molecule is in good agreement with its chemical behavior during electrophilic substitution.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1540–1545, November, 1971.     

液滴荧光传感与计算机联用技术在微量分析中的应用

通过在LS55型荧光-磷光-发光分光光度计上加装液滴产生及调节附件,采用计算机采集与分析处理数据,成功地研制了双通道液滴光化学传感装置.利用葡聚糖凝胶对复合维生素B中不同组分的选择性吸附来达到分离与同时检测的目的,并将其用于复合维生素B药片的分析,取得了满意的结果.     

On the theory underlying the Car-Parrinello method and the role of the fictitious mass parameter

The theory underlying the Car-Parrinello extended-Lagrangian approach to ab initio molecular dynamics (CPMD) is reviewed and reexamined using "heavy" ice as a test system. It is emphasized that the adiabatic decoupling in CPMD is not a decoupling of electronic orbitals from the ions but only a decoupling of a subset of the orbital vibrational modes from the rest of the necessarily coupled system of orbitals and ions. Recent work [J. Chem. Phys. 116, 14 (2002)] has pointed out that, due to the orbital-ion coupling that remains once adiabatic decoupling has been achieved, a large value of the fictitious mass mu can lead to systematic errors in the computed forces in CPMD. These errors are further investigated in the present work with a focus on those parts of these errors that are not corrected simply by rescaling the masses of the ions. It is suggested that any comparison of the efficiencies of Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) and CPMD should be performed at a similar level of accuracy. If accuracy is judged according to the average magnitude of the systematic errors in the computed forces, the efficiency of BOMD compares more favorably to that of CPMD than previous comparisons have suggested.