研究了以双硫腙为流动载体,煤油为膜溶剂的支撑液膜萃取体系,建立了支撑液膜在线萃取富集流动注射分光光度法测定水中痕量铅(Ⅱ)的新方法。优化了支撑液膜萃取富集条件,优化结果为:试样pH=6,反萃液柠檬酸浓度为0.5 mol/L,载体双硫腙浓度为0.03%,膜孔径为0.3μm,富集时间为30 m in。在此条件下,方法的检出限为0.2μg/L;线性范围为0.5~100μg/L。应用于自来水、河水和工业污水中铅(Ⅱ)的检测,结果满意。 相似文献
A sensitive and precise analysis using hollow fiber renewal liquid membrane (HFRLM) extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) is described for determination of five sulfonamides in honey samples. In this procedure, the organic solvent introduced directly into the sample matrix extracts the sulfonamides and carries them over the polypropylene porous membrane. An organic solvent is immobilized inside the polypropylene porous membrane, leading to a homogeneous phase. The stripping phase at higher pH in the lumen of the membrane promotes the ionization of the target compounds releasing them to this phase. The most important parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized by multivariable designs (pH and sample mass, pH and buffer for stripping phase, extraction temperature and time, type and volume of extractor solvent and use of salt to saturate the sample). Detection limits in the range of 5.1–27.4 μg kg−1 and linearity coefficient of correlation higher than 0.987 were obtained for the target analytes. The results obtained for the proposed method show that HFRLM–LC–MS/MS can be used for determination of the five sulfonamides studied in honey samples with excellent precision, accuracy, practicality and short analysis time. 相似文献
Graphene oxide (GO) has received increasing attention in bioengineering fields due to its unique biophysical and electrical properties, along with excellent biocompatibility. The application of GO nanoparticles (GO‐NPs) to engineer self‐renewal and differentiation of human fetal neural stem cells (hfNSCs) is reported. GO‐NPs added to hfNSC culture during neurosphere formation substantially promote cell‐to‐cell and cell‐to‐matrix interactions in neurospheres. Accordingly, GO‐NP‐treated hfNSCs show enhanced self‐renewal ability and accelerated differentiation compared to untreated cells, indicating the utility of GO in developing stem cell therapies for neurogenesis.
In order to achieve an innovative strategy to renew the biomass of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in an immobilized growth system which can maintain white-rot fungi biomass, a novel knotted cotton-thread carrier was designed and made. By using a high-speed stirring apparatus under the conditions of 1400 r/min stirring speed for 6 min, mycelia immobilized on the knotted cotton-thread carriers were exfoliated completely and homogenized to a proper size. Furthermore, the homogenized mycelia from the immobilized m... 相似文献
The use of membrane-based sample preparation techniques in analytical chemistry has gained growing attention from the scientific community since the development of miniaturized sample preparation procedures in the 1990s. The use of membranes makes the microextraction procedures more stable, allowing the determination of analytes in complex and “dirty” samples. This review describes some characteristics of classical membrane-based microextraction techniques (membrane-protected solid-phase microextraction, hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction and hollow-fiber renewal liquid membrane) as well as some alternative configurations (thin film and electromembrane extraction) used successfully for the determination of different analytes in a large variety of matrices, some critical points regarding each technique are highlighted. 相似文献
In order to achieve an innovative strategy to renew the biomass of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in an immobilized growth system which can maintain white-rot fungi biomass, a novel knotted cotton-thread carrier was designed
and made. By using a high-speed stirring apparatus under the conditions of 1400 r/min stirring speed for 6 min, mycelia immobilized
on the knotted cotton-thread carriers were exfoliated completely and homogenized to a proper size. Furthermore, the homogenized
mycelia from the immobilized mycelia can resume their growth on the knotted cotton-thread carriers in agitated flask cultures.
The average regrowth biomass on the new carriers and the reused carriers was 0.0171 g/carrier and 0.0314 g/carrier, respectively.
It proves that the knotted cotton-thread carrier performs perfectly in homogening the immobilized mycelia to achieve the biomass
renewal of P. chrysosporium in an immobilized growth system.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 206770 33) 相似文献
A hollow fiber renewal liquid membrane (HFRLM) extraction method to determine cadmium (II) in water samples using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS) was developed. Ammonium O,O-diethyl dithiophosphate (DDTP) was used to complex cadmium (II) in an acid medium to obtain a neutral hydrophobic complex (ML2). The organic solvent introduced to the sample extracts this complex from the aqueous solution and carries it over the poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membrane, that had their walls previously filled with the same organic solvent. The organic solvent is solubilized inside the PDMS membrane, leading to a homogeneous phase. The complex strips the lumen of the membrane where, at higher pH, the complex Cd-DDTP is broken down and cadmium (II) is released into the stripping phase. EDTA was used to complex the cadmium (II), helping to trap the analyte in the stripping phase. A multivariate procedure was used to optimize the studied variables. The optimized variables were: sample (donor phase) pH 3.25, DDTP concentration 0.05% (m/v), stripping (acceptor phase) pH 8.75, EDTA concentration 1.5 × 10−2 mol L−1, extraction temperature 40 °C, extraction time 40 min, a solvent mixture N-butyl acetate and hexane (60/40%, v/v) with a volume of 100 μL, and addition of ammonium sulfate to saturate the sample. The sample volume used was 20 mL and the stripping volume was 165 μL. The analyte enrichment factor was 120, limit of detection (LOD) 1.3 μg L−1, relative standard deviation (RSD) 5.5% and the working linear range 2-30 μg L−1. 相似文献
Preparation, Crystal Structures, Vibrational Spectra, and Normal Coordinate Analysis of four Linkage Isomeric Trichlorotrirhodanoosmates(IV) By treatment of fac-[OsCl3I3]2? with (SCN)2 in dichloromethane the linkage isomers fac-[OsCl3(NCS)3]2? ( 1 ), mer-[OsCl3(NCS)2c(SCN)]2? ( 2 ), mer-[OsCl3(NCS)(SCN)2t]2? ( 3 ), and mer-[OsCl3(NCS)(SCN)2c]2? ( 4 ) are formed which have been separated by ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. X-Ray structure determinations have been performed on single crystals of fac-(Ph4As)2[OsCl3(NCS)3] (triclinic, space group P1 , a = 12.142(5), b = 13.233(5), c = 19.300(5) Å, α = 98.642(5)º, β = 100.509(5)º, γ = 112.514(5)º, Z = 2), mer-(Ph4As)2[OsCl3(NCS)2c (SCN)] · acetone (triclinic, space group P1 , a = 11.707(5), b = 13.238(5), c = 19.048(5) Å, α = 75.960(5)º, β = 88.981(5)º, γ = 69.999(5)º, Z = 2), mer-(Ph4As)2[OsCl3(NCS)(SCN)2t] (triclinic, space group P1, a = 10.6861(12), b = 11.6587(5), c = 12.5232(5) Å, α = 112.069(8)º, β = 95.052(8)º, γ = 92.559(7)º, Z = 1) and mer-(Ph4As)2[OsCl3(NCS)(SCN)2c] · 2acetone (triclinic, space group P1 , a = 11.444(5), b = 14.661(5), c = 15.830(5) Å, α = 75.790(5)º, β = 80.273(5)º, γ = 75.205(5)º, Z = 2). The complex anions are completely ordered. The via N or S coordinated thiocyanate groups are located nearly direct above one of the cis-positioned Cl ligands with Os? N? C angles of 169.1º, 171.5º, 175.7º ( 1 ), 175.6º, 178.6º ( 2 ), 172º ( 3 ), and 173.1º ( 4 ) and Os? S? C angles of 106.2º ( 2 ), 106.1º, 106.6º ( 3 ), 105.1º, and 108.2º ( 4 ). Using the molecular parameters of the X-Ray determinations the low temperature (10 K) IR and Raman spectra of the (n-Bu4N) salts of all four linkage isomers have been assigned by normal coordinate analyses based on a modified valence force field. The valence force constants are fd(OsN) = 1.71 ( 1 ), 1.46 and 1.62 ( 2 ), 1.69 ( 3 ), and 1.61 ( 4 ), fd(OsS) = 1.27 ( 2 ), 1.36 ( 3 ), 1.32, and 1.49 mdyn/Å ( 4 ). Taking into account increments of the trans influence a good agreement between observed and calculated frequencies is achieved. 相似文献
Preparation, Crystal Structures, Vibrational Spectra, and Normal Coordinate Analysis of Four Linkage Isomeric Tetrachlorodirhodanoosmates(IV) By treatment of cis- or trans-[OsCl4I2]2? with (SCN)2 in dichloromethane the linkage isomers cis-[OsCl4(NCS)2]2? ( 1 ), trans-[OsCl4(NCS)(SCN)]2? ( 2 ), cis-[OsCl4(NCS)(SCN)]2? ( 3 ) and trans-[OsCl4(SCN)2]2? ( 4 ) are formed which have been separated by ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. The X-Ray structure determinations on single crystals of cis-(Ph4As)2[OsCl4(NCS)2] (triclinic, space group P1 , a = 10.019(5), b = 11.702(5), c = 21.922(5) Å, α = 83.602(5)°, β = 85.718(5)°, γ = 73.300(5)°, Z = 2), trans-(Ph4As)2[OsCl4 · (NCS)(SCN)] (monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 18.025(5), b = 11.445(5), c = 23.437(5) Å, β = 94.208(5)°, Z = 4), cis-(Ph4As)2[OsCl4(NCS)(SCN)] (triclinic, space group P1 , a = 10.579(5), b = 11.682(5), c = 22.557(5) Å, α = 81.073(5)°, β = 85.807(5)°, γ = 87.677(5)°, Z = 2) and trans-(Ph4As)2 · [OsCl4(SCN)2] (triclinic, space group P1 , a = 10.615(5), b = 11.691(5), c = 11.907(5) Å, α = 111.314(5)°, β = 96.718(5)°, γ = 91.446(5)°, Z = 1) reveal the complete ordering of the complex anions. The via N or S coordinated thiocyanate groups are located nearly direct above one of the cis-positioned Cl ligands with Os? N? C angles of 171.2° and 174.3° ( 1 ), 162.3° ( 2 ), 172° ( 3 ) and Os? S? C angles of 108.3° ( 2 ), 105.7° ( 3 ) and 105.5° ( 4 ). Using the molecular parameters of the X-Ray determinations the low temperature (10 K) IR and Raman spectra of the (n-Bu4N) salts of all four linkage isomers are assigned by normal coordinate analyses based on a modified valence force field. The valence force constants are fd(OsN) = 1.59 ( 1 ), 1.67 ( 2 ), 1.60 ( 3 ) and fd(OsS) = 1.27 ( 2 ), 1.31 ( 3 ) and 1.32 mdyn Å?1 ( 4 ). Taking into account increments of the trans influence a good agreement between observed and calculated frequencies is achieved. 相似文献