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水下光学成像是海底探索和目标识别的一个重要方式.由于海浪、船舶尾流以及海洋生物游动与呼吸等原因,存在着大量的气泡.气泡群的光散射作用往往会使水下目标成像效果受限、难以识别,并且一般的光学技术难以消除气泡对成像的影响.针对上述问题,本文先从理论上推导和仿真了入射光线在水下单气泡、气泡群中以及目标表面的光强和偏振信息的变化;然后在构建了水下气泡实验平台的基础上探究了光源入射角度的改变以及成像波段的变化对气泡环境中目标偏振成像的影响;研究了不同金属材质目标物的强度和偏振信息的变化趋势;分析了水下目标在不同气泡群厚度条件下强度和偏振信息的变化趋势;最后利用偏振特征提取与视觉信息保留的图像融合方法抑制气泡对水下目标成像的影响.实验结果显示气泡群中目标成像会受到多种因素的影响,利用偏振图像融合方法会使气泡群受到较好的抑制,并提高了水下目标的清晰度. 相似文献
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基于眼底图像的视网膜血管精确分割对眼科疾病诊断意义重大。但视网膜血管结构高度复杂,多尺度及前、背景比例失衡,自动分割困难。因此,本文提出自适应补偿网络(SACom)实现端到端的视网膜血管精确分割。SACom以U型网络为基本框架,首先在编码器端引入可变形卷积提高复杂血管结构信息学习能力;然后在U型网络底部设计自适应多尺度对齐上下文模块提取并聚合多尺度上下文信息,对齐上下文特征;最后在解码器端设计协同补偿分支,融合多级输出提升模型的映射能力,实现精细分割。实验结果表明,SACom可有效提高视网膜血管的分割精度,在DRIVE、CHASE_DB1和STARE三个公共数据集上的准确率分别达到0.9695、0.9763和0.9753,灵敏度分别达到0.8403、0.8748和0.8506,曲线下面积(AUC)分别达到0.9880、0.9917和0.9919。 相似文献
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大部分常用的遥感影像融合方法都存在一个缺陷:只能产生一个特定的融合结果,用户无法控制最终的结果应该保留多少光谱信息或细节信息。提出了一种基于小波变换的可调节自适应遥感影像融合方法,该方法首先分别将待融合影像进行小波分解,然后,通过引入2个可调节参量,在小波域内融合,最后通过小波逆变换得到融合结果。使用法国地球资源探测卫星(SPOT)图像和陆地资源卫星专题绘图仪(landsat TM)图像,将该方法与传统的小波变换融合法、强度色散饱和变换融合法和主成分变换法进行对比试验,结果表明,该方法可以在细节保留和光谱保持两方面达到不同程度的平衡,在合理的参量组合下,融合图像的目视效果和统计指标优于传统融合方法。 相似文献
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苗澍茁;范存波;温冠宇;高健;赵国海 《光子学报》2021,50(11):359-368
针对目前空间目标检测技术存在目标识别难度大、虚警率高、算法效率低等问题,提出了一种基于自适应空间滤波多级假设检验(ASMHT)算法的空间目标识别方法,用于提取光电观测系统在恒星跟踪模式下的空间目标,包括目标粗筛选与目标精筛选两过程。目标粗筛选使用尺度空间高斯差函数得到预处理后星图中各候选目标的尺度值,并将目标尺度值作为空间滤波窗口的尺度大小,利用连续多帧空间滤波窗口内不同种类目标的灰度分布特征代替灰度相关准则,去除无像移的背景恒星和随机噪声,筛选出疑似运动目标。目标精筛选使用改进的多级假设检验方法,通过建立疑似运动目标速度搜索窗极大提高了算法效率,最后依据轨迹特征筛选出空间目标。空间目标仿真星图结果表明,与现有空间目标识别方法相比,ASMHT算法具备空间目标低信噪比条件下的目标识别能力,且综合检测性能最好,在相同的虚警率下可获得更高的检测率。真实星图测试比较结果表明,ASMHT算法计算复杂更低,实现了更加精确的空间目标识别。 相似文献
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针对复杂情况下海上舰船目标单波段特征识别能力不足的问题,研究可见光、中波红外和长波红外三波段特征图像融合技术,重点解决图像融合方法中存在的算法耗时和融合策略选择的问题,提出了一种新的基于区域协方差矩阵的多波段特征级融合方法,针对可见光图像和红外图像分别设计11维和5维特征向量,协方差矩阵可以将多个特征进行融合,既保证了不同目标之间的区别性,同时又减小计算量。该方法首先利用显著性检测,快速定位图像中的目标区域,然后,针对不同波段图像设计的特征向量定义协方差阵的距离计算公式并进行匹配,通过对图像的一次遍历操作获得积分图像,在协方差计算时达到快速计算的目的,最后利用k-阶最近邻算法对多种舰船目标进行分类识别。利用实拍的3 400余张三波段舰船目标图像作为测试数据。实验主要分为两部分,首先对比单波段和三波段融合识别的识别率,验证所提出的融合方法具有更广的应用范围;然后,在计算效率上对比多种传统的像素级方法,验证采用的特征级融合在计算时间上的优势。实验结果表明,该方法可达到95.1%的识别率,单帧计算耗时约为0.5 s,在实时性和检测率方面都有明显提高。 相似文献
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在分析利用相位信息进行图像边缘检测原理的基础上,探讨了基于小波域相位信息的边缘检测方法,并将其应用到环境光强变化的目标识别系统中。该算法不需要设定阈值即可对目标边缘进行可靠的检测。实验结果表明,基于相位信息的边缘检测算法受图像的光照和对比度的影响小,在不同光照度的环境下具有良好的目标识别能力 相似文献
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多基地声纳组网探测系统是目前大范围水下安保领域的研究热点。综合利用多基地系统中各个声纳节点的信息进行水下目标识别是亟待解决的问题。利用传统的多传感器融合的方法进行多基地水下目标识别,往往忽略了各声纳节点之间的相关性,效果并不理想。针对这一问题,本文提出了利用连续隐马尔科夫模型(CHMM)进行多基地水下目标识别的方法。首先利用RELAX算法提取了目标在不同分置角上回波的强散射点特征,组成观测向量,利用Baum-Welch方法对CHMM参数进行训练,然后计算待识别目标的特征值观测序列在不同模型下的似然概率。对所有目标重复此过程,取概率最大值对应的目标类别为最后的识别结果。在消声水池开展多基地模拟实验,对四类目标进行了识别,利用CHMM方法得到的多基地水下目标融合识别率比多基地声纳下单声纳节点的最高识别率提高了30%。 相似文献
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Symmetrical dynamics of peak current-mode and valley current-mode controlled switching dc-dc converters with ramp compensation
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The discrete iterative map models of peak current-mode
(PCM) and valley current-mode (VCM) controlled buck converters, boost
converters, and buck--boost converters with ramp compensation are
established and their dynamical behaviours are investigated by using
the operation region, parameter space map, bifurcation diagram, and
Lyapunov exponent spectrum. The research results indicate that ramp
compensation extends the stable operation range of the PCM controlled
switching dc--dc converter to D>0.5 and that of the VCM controlled switching
dc--dc converter to D<0.5. Compared with PCM controlled switching
dc--dc converters with ramp compensation, VCM controlled
switching dc--dc converters with ramp compensation exhibit
interesting symmetrical dynamics. Experimental results are given to
verify the analysis results in this paper. 相似文献
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Discrete-time movement model of a group of trains on a rail line with stochastic disturbance
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This paper presents a discrete-time model to describe the movements of a group of trains, in which some operational strategies, including traction operation, braking operation and impact of stochastic disturbance, are defined. To show the dynamic characteristics of train traffic flow with stochastic disturbance, some numerical experiments on a railway line are simulated. The computational results show that the discrete-time movement model can well describe the movements of trains on a rail line with the moving-block signalling system. Comparing with the results of no disturbance, it finds that the traffic capacity of the rail line will decrease with the influence of stochastic disturbance. Additionally, the delays incurred by stochastic disturbance can be propagated to the subsequent trains, and then prolong their traversing time on the rail line. It can provide auxiliary information for rescheduling trains when the stochastic disturbance occurs on the railway. 相似文献
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A new visco-elastic contact model of traveling wave ultrasonic motor (TWUSM) is proposed. In this model, the rotor is assumed to be rigid body and the friction material on stator teeth surface to be visco-elastic body. Both load characteristics of TWUSM, such as rotation speed, torque and efficiency, and effects of interface parameters between stator and rotor on output characteristic of TWUSM can be calculated and simulated numerically by using MATLAB method based on this model. This model is compared with that one of compliant slider and rigid stator. The results show that this model can obtain bigger stall torque. The simulated results are compared with test results, and found that their load characteristics have good agreement. 相似文献
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Mode shift and stability control of a current mode controlled buck-boost converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode with ramp compensation
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By establishing the discrete iterative mapping model of a
current mode controlled buck-boost converter, this paper studies the
mechanism of mode shift and stability control of the buck-boost
converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode with a ramp
compensation current. With the bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov
exponent spectrum, time-domain waveform and parameter space map, the
performance of the buck-boost converter circuit utilizing a
compensating ramp current has been analysed. The obtained results
indicate that the system trajectory is weakly chaotic and strongly
intermittent under discontinuous conduction mode. By using ramp
compensation, the buck-boost converter can shift from discontinuous
conduction mode to continuous conduction mode, and effectively
operates in the stable period-one region. 相似文献
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Mehmet Ertaş 《Phase Transitions》2015,88(6):567-581
We present a study, within a mean-field theory, of the kinetics of the spin-1 Blume–Capel model on cylindrical Ising nanowire in the presence of a time-dependent oscillating external magnetic field. We employ the Glauber transition rates to construct the mean-field dynamical equations. We investigate the thermal behavior of the dynamic order parameters. From these studies, we obtain the dynamic phase transition (DPT) points. Then, we study the temperature dependence of the dynamic total magnetization to find the dynamic compensation points as well as to determine the type of behavior. We also investigate the effect of interaction parameters on the compensation phenomenon and construct the phase diagrams in four different planes. The system exhibits the compensation temperatures, or the N-, P-, Q-, S-type behaviors. Furthermore, we also observed two-compensation temperatures, namely W-type behaviors, whose result is compared with some experimental works and a good overall agreement is found. 相似文献