基于PCA-KNN聚类的通用在线故障诊断算法设计

为了克服以往故障诊断算法所具有的难以诊断效率低、诊断精度不高和模型通用性不强的缺点,提出了一种基于PCA主元分析特征优化和KNN聚类的故障诊断法算法;首先,给出了故障诊断的总体模型和诊断原理,然后在故障征兆原始样本数据的基础上,通过PCA主元分析法进行特征优化,获得维数约简的样本数据,从而提高故障诊断的效率;在此基础上,采用训练样本数据对模糊K均值分类器进行训练,并计算每个聚类的距离和阈值;最后,将在线获取的测试样本数据或离线样本数据输入到模糊K均值分类器,获得其所属分类,并采用KNN最近邻算法来获取其K个近邻,根据其与近邻的距离平方和与所属聚类距离平方阈值来判断其是否为故障样本,从而实现故障诊断;以滚动轴承故障诊断试验和模拟电路故障诊断试验为例,实验结果证明了文中方法较其它方法具有诊断效率高和诊断精度高的优点,是一种通用的和可行的在线故障诊断方法。     

基于量子模距离的量子态聚类识别

针对量子系统的状态识别，定义了一种量子模距离作为量子态之间的相似性度量，提出了一种基于量子模距离的聚类算法，它既适用于对量子叠加态的识别，也适合对量子纠缠态的识别。在算法中，根据待识别的样本量子态求取聚类中心，分别计算各量子态到聚类中心的量子模距离，根据量子模距离对量子态进行聚类识别。算例说明了这种聚类识别方法的合理性和有效性。     

基于节点生长马氏距离K均值和HMM的网络入侵检测方法设计

传统的网络入侵检测方法存在着检测率低和无法进行在线检测的问题, 为此设计了一种基于节点生长马氏距离K均值和HMM的网络入侵检测方法;首先,给出了入侵检测系统框图,然后,以马氏距离为评价准则,提出了一种节点根据距离阈值进行自适应生长的K均值算法以实现样本的聚类,得到样本属于各攻击类型的后验概率,并采用此后验概率来初始化HMM中的初始矢量分布、状态转移概率和观察值概率等参数,通过前向评估准则和后向评估准则对HMM模型进行训练,从而获得了HMM检测模型,将样本输入到各检测模型中并将概率最大的检测模型作为其攻击类型;仿真试验表明所提方法能有效地实现网络入侵检测,不仅具有较高的检测率,而且具有较低的误检率和漏检率,是一种有效的网络入侵检测方法。     

多分类SVDD混叠域识别的模拟电路故障诊断

针对多分类支持向量域数据描述(SVDD)方法中混叠样本诊断精度差的问题,提出了一种带异类样本的多分类SVDD算法。该方法在普通SVDD超球模型基础上,对于存在混叠区域的类别,以该类所有样本为目标类,其他类与之混叠的样本为异类,利用带异类样本的SVDD算法重新训练,直至所有超球优化完毕。仿真实验验证了本文算法消除混叠和提高精度的能力,并将该算法应用于模拟电路故障诊断中。相较与SVDD多分类算法、一对一和一对多SVM算法,本文方法在模拟电路故障诊断中具有更高的诊断精度。     

基于ODDD水下机器人故障诊断方法

近年来数据挖掘技术的快速发展使得利用水下机器人作业过程中积累的大量数据进行故障诊断成为可能。基于数据挖掘的故障诊断技术能够从数据中获取潜在的诊断知识。针对水下机器人推进器系统数据特征,提出一种基于聚类和距离的离群点检测方法(Outlier Detection based on DBSCAN and Distance,ODDD)。首先,对数据进行粗聚类,然后采用剪枝规则进行离群点检测,来实现故障诊断。仿真实验结果表明算法能够实现水下机器人快速有效的故障检测。     

基于改进量子粒子群的分布式并行计算框架设计

为了实现用户任务在大规模计算机集群上进行高效地处理,并克服现有并行计算框架通用性不强的缺点,提出了一种基于改进量子群算法和Map-Reduce模型的通用并行计算框架;首先,对经典的Map-Reduce分布式并行计算框架以及并行计算流程进行了具体描述;然后,基于改进的量子粒子群算法设计了改进的Map-Reduce模型,在Map阶段通过多种群并行搜索并计算所有粒子适应度,在Shuffle和Sort 阶段实现粒子的排序和种群的重新划分,然后在Reduce阶段更新控制系数和粒子位置,当最优解不变时,通过混沌扰动对其进行扰动;仿真实验表明同,文中设计的基于改进量子粒子群算法和Map-Reduce模型能高效地执行任务,较传统的Map-Reduce模型具有较少的执行时间,具有很强的可行性,是一种有效的通用并行计算模型。     

基于有序分割的支持向量机多分类方法

针对模拟电路多故障分类中存在拒识区域,分类效果不理想的问题,提出基于有序分割最佳偏二叉树结构的模拟电路故障诊断方法;首先分析多分类中分割次序对结果的影响,通过样本类中心欧式距离对故障分割进行排序,以此构造偏二叉树结构;然后对采样数据进行主成份分析降维压缩,最后采用支持向量机作为分类器,对故障数据进行分类;该方法可以使样本类间距离最大,提高了支持向量机模拟电路故障分类的效率和准确度;故障诊断结果表明文章提出的诊断方法在精度提高的情况下,所需训练时间和支持向量数目大大减少,更具稀疏性。     

GK可能C均值模糊聚类的白菜红外光谱分析

红外光谱分析是基于分子振动与跃迁理论的鉴别物质化学组成的技术.得到的光谱数据常常具有较高的维数和重叠度,这给后续的数据处理带来困难.为此提出一种GK可能C均值聚类算法(GKIPCM),引入了GK聚类算法的马氏距离测度与改进的可能C均值聚类算法(IPCM)的模糊隶属度与聚类中心更新方程,使样本的距离测度具有自适应性且避免...     

量子势阱粒子群优化算法的改进研究

为提高量子势阱粒子群优化算法的优化能力, 通过分析目前量子势阱粒子群优化算法的设计过程, 提出了改进的量子势阱粒子群优化算法. 首先, 分别基于Delta势阱、谐振子和方势阱 提出了改进的量子势阱粒子群优化算法, 并提出了基于统计量均值的控制参数设计方法. 然后, 在势阱中心的设计方面, 为强调全局最优粒子的指导作用, 提出了基于自身最优粒子加权平均和动态随机变量的两种设计策略. 实验结果表明, 三种势阱粒子群优化算法性能比较接近, 都优于原算法, 且Delta势阱模型略优于其他两种.     

基于HMM-SVM的模拟电路早期故障诊断

针对模拟电路在故障预测与健康管理（PHM）系统中早期故障识别率不高的问题,提出了一种基于隐马尔科夫模型（HMM）和支持向量机（SVM）相结合的模拟电路故障诊断方法,利用HMM对动态连续信号的较强识别能力和SVM良好的模式分类能力解决模拟电路早期故障诊断问题。采用主成分分析（PCA）和K-means聚类算法对故障数据进行数据降维和特征提取,建立HMM与 SVM相结合的诊断模型进行故障诊断。仿真实验表明,HMM-SVM能很好地识别模拟电路早期故障,并对模拟电路中元件小范围参数变化的状态识别,相较单一HMM模型具有更高的准确率。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.