Large reversible magnetocaloric effect in spinel MnV2O4 with minimal Al substitution

Magnetocaloric effect of MnV_1.95Al_0.05O₄ was studied by the magnetization and heat capacity measurements. MnV_1.95Al_0.05O₄ is a cubic spinel structure with ferromagnetism of second order in nature and performs reversible magnetic entropy around the magnetic transition temperature. The large magnetic entropy changes −ΔS_M∼5.2 and 8.2 J/kg K and the adiabatic temperature changes ΔT_ad∼1.5 and 2.6 K are revealed for the magnetic field changes of 2 and 4 T near the Curie temperature (T_C) of 59.6 K, respectively. The relative cooling power (RCP) are about 82.2 and 177.2 J/kg K for magnetic field changes 2 and 4 T, respectively. Compared with the parent compound, although the −ΔS_M and ΔT_ad become smaller, the refrigeration working temperature span and the RCP have been improved.     

Giant magnetocaloric effect in the Gd5Ge2.025Si1.925In0.05 compound

The magnetocaloric properties of the Gd 5 Ge 2.025 Si 1.925 In 0.05 compound have been studied by x-ray diffraction,magnetic and heat capacity measurements.Powder x-ray diffraction measurement shows that the compound has a dominant phase of monoclinic Gd5Ge2Si2-type structure and a small quantity of Gd 5(Ge,Si) 3-type phase at room temperature.At about 270 K,this compound shows a first order phase transition.The isothermal magnetic entropy change(△SM) is calculated from the temperature and magnetic field dependences of the magnetization and the temperature dependence of MCE in terms of adiabatic temperature change(△Tad) is calculated from the isothermal magnetic entropy change and the temperature variation in zero-field heat-capacity data.The maximum S M is 13.6 J·kg-1·K-1 and maximum △Tad is 13 K for the magnetic field change of 0-5 T.The Debye temperature(θD) of this compound is 149 K and the value of DOS at the Fermi level is 1.6 states/eV·atom from the low temperature zero-field heat-capacity data.A considerable isothermal magnetic entropy change and adiabatic temperature change under a field change of 0-5 T jointly make the Gd5Ge2.025Si1.925 In 0.05 compound an attractive candidate for a magnetic refrigerant.     

Giant magnetocaloric effect in Tb5Ge2-xSi2-xMn2x compounds

The crystal structure,magnetic and magnetocaloric characteristics of the pseduo ternary compounds of Tb5Ge2 xSi2 xMn2x(0 ≤ 2x ≤ 0.1) were investigated by x-ray powder diffraction and magnetization measurements.The x-ray powder diffraction results show that all compounds preserve the monoclinic phase as the majority phase and all the synthesized compounds were observed to be ferromagnetic from magnetization measurements.Magnetic phase transitions were interpreted in terms of Landau theory.Maximum isothermal magnetic entropy change value(20.84 J.kg-1.K-1) was found for Tb5Ge1.95Si1.95Mn0.1 at around 123 K in the magnetic field change of 5 T.     

磁热效应材料的研究进展

磁制冷技术的发展取决于具有大磁热效应磁制冷材料的研发进展.经过长期的工作积累,特别是近20年来的努力,许多新型磁制冷材料的探索和研究极大地促进了磁制冷技术的进步.本文介绍了磁热效应的基本原理和磁制冷研究的发展历史,系统综述了低温区和室温区具有大磁热效应的磁制冷材料的研究进展,重点介绍了一些受到较为关注的磁热效应材料的最新研究成果.低温区磁制冷材料主要包括具有低温相变的二元稀土基金属间化合物(RGa,RNi,RZn,RSi,R_3Co以及R_(12)Co_7)、稀土-过渡金属-主族金属三元化合物(RTSi,RTAl,RT_2Si_2,RCo_2B_2,RCo_3B_2)以及四元化合物RT_2B_2C等,其中R代表稀土元素,T代表过渡金属.这些材料一般都具有二级相变,具有良好的热、磁可逆性,也因其合金属性具有良好的导热性.室温区磁制冷材料主要包括Gd-Si-Ge,La-Fe-Si,Mn As基,Mn基Husler合金,Mn基反钙钛矿,Mn-Co-Ge,Fe-Rh以及钙钛矿氧化物等系列.这些材料一般都具有一级相变,多数在室温具有巨大的磁热效应而受到国内外的极大关注.其中,La-Fe-Si系列是国际上普遍认为具有重要应用前景的磁制冷工质之一,也是我国具有自主知识产权的材料.本文还对磁制冷材料的发展方向进行了展望.     

Large reversible magnetocaloric effect in HoMn2O5

Magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in polycrystalline HoMn2O5 was investigated by isothermal magnetization curves from 2 K to 50 K. A relatively large magnetic entropy change, △SM = 7.8 J/(kg · K), was achieved with the magnetic field up to 70 kOe (1 Oe = 79.5775 A · m-1). The magnetic entropy change is reversible in the whole range of temperature. The contributions of elastic and magnetoelastic energy to the changing of the magnetic entropy are discussed in terms of the Landau theory. The reversibility of MCE with maximal refrigerant capacity RC = 216.7 J/kg makes polycrystalline HoMn2O5 promising as a magnetic refrigerant.     

Magnetotransport properties and magnetocaloric effects of Mn1.95Cr0.05Sb0.95Ga0.05 compound

The magnetotransport properties and magnetocaloric effects of the compound Mn_{1.95}Cr_{0.05}Sb_{0.95}Ga_{0.05} have been studied. With decreasing temperature, a spontaneous first-order magnetic phase transition from ferrimagnetic (FI) to antiferromagnetic (AF) state takes place at T_s=200K. A metamagnetic transition from the AF to FI state can be induced by an external field, accompanied by a giant magnetoresistance effect of 57%. The magnetic entropy changes are determined from the temperature and field dependence of the magnetization using the thermodynamic Maxwell relation. Mn_{1.95}Cr_{0.05}Sb_{0.95}Ga_{0.05} exhibits a negative magnetocaloric effect, and the absolute values of ΔS_M^{max}(T,ΔH) are 4.4, 4.1, 3.6, 2.8 and 1.5 J/(kg·K) for magnetic field changes of 0－5T, 0－4T, 0－3T, 0－2T and 0－1T, respectively.     

非晶态Gd45Ni30Al15Co10合金的制备与磁热性能

具有优良磁热性能的材料是磁制冷技术应用的关键.本文设计制备出了一种非晶态四元Gd₄₅Ni₃₀Al₁₅Co₁₀合金条带,系统地研究了该合金的磁热性能. Co的引入增加了合金的非晶态热稳定性,扩大了过冷液相区宽度. Gd₄₅Ni₃₀Al₁₅Co₁₀非晶态合金条带的居里温度和有效磁矩分别为80 K和7.21μB,在10 K温度下饱和磁化强度达到173 A·m~2·kg^-1,矫顽力为0.8 kA·m^-1,具有优异的软磁性能.在5 T的外加磁场下, Gd₄₅Ni₃₀Al₁₅Co₁₀非晶态合金的磁熵变峰值和相对制冷能力分别高达10.2 J·kg^-1·K^-1和918 J·kg^-1.该合金具有典型的二级磁相变特征,可以在较宽的温度范围...     

一级磁结构相变材料Mn0.6Fe0.4NiSi0.5Ge0.5和Ni50Mn34Co2Sn14的磁热效应与磁场的线性相关性

磁熵变（△S_M）与磁场（μ₀H）的相关性已在很多二级相变材料中被研究并报道,但一级相变材料的磁热效应与磁场相关性还少有报道.本文在具有一级磁结构相变的Mn_0.6Fe_0.4NiSi_0.5Ge_0.5材料中研究发现△S_M与μ₀H存在线性相关性,并通过麦克斯韦关系式的数值分析详细讨论了这一线性相关性的来源.同时,进一步发现在低磁场时,△S_M近似正比于μ₀H的平方.该线性相关性同样在一级磁结构相变Ni₅₀Mn₃₄Co₂Sn₁₄材料中得到了印证.但由于一级磁弹相变LaFe_11.7Si_1.3材料相变温度具有更强的磁场依赖性,不具有△S_M的线性相关性,因此,本研究表明,当磁结构相变材料的相变温度具有弱磁场依赖性时,△S_M与μ₀H具有线性相关性.进而,在磁场未达到相变饱和磁场以下,利用△S_M与μ₀H的线性相关性可以有效推测更高磁场下的△S_M.     

Eu_(0.9)M_(0.1)TiO_3(M=Ca,Sr,Ba,La,Ce,Sm)的磁性和磁热效应

EuTi0_3是直接带隙半导体材料,在液氦温度附近呈现反铁磁性,且具有较大的磁熵变,但是当其转变为铁磁性时,可以有效提高低磁场下的磁熵变.本文通过元素替代,研究晶格常数的变化和电子掺杂对磁性和磁热效应的影响.实验采用溶胶凝胶法制备EuTiO_3和Eu_(0.9)M_(0.1)TiO_3 (M=Ca, Sr, Ba, La, Ce, Sm)系列样品.结果表明:大离子半径的碱土金属离子替代提高了铁磁性耦合,有利于提高低磁场下的磁热效应.电子掺杂可以抑制其反铁磁性耦合从而使其表现为铁磁性.当大离子半径的稀土La和Ce离子替代Eu离子时,既增大了晶格常数也实现了电子掺杂,表现出较强的铁磁性.在1 T的磁场变化下,Eu_(0.9)La_(0.1)TiO_3和Eu_(0.9)Ce_(0.1)TiO_3的最大磁熵变分别为10.8和11 J/(kg·K),均大于EuTi0_3的9.8 J/(kg·K);制冷能力分别为39.3和51.8 J/kg,相对于EuTi0_3也有所提高.     

Magnetic transition and large reversible magnetocaloric effect in EuCu1.75P2 compound

The magnetocaloric effect(MCE) in EuCu1.75P2 compound is studied by the magnetization and heat capacity measurements.Magnetization and modified Arrott plots indicate that the compound undergoes a second-order phase transition at TC ～ 51 K.A large reversible MCE is observed around TC.The values of maximum magnetic entropy change(-△SxMma) reach 5.6 J·kg-1·K-1 and 13.3 J·kg-1·K-1 for the field change of 2 T and 7 T,respectively,with no obvious hysteresis loss in the vicinity of Curie temperature.The corresponding maximum adiabatic temperature changes(△Tadmax) are evaluated to be 2.1 K and 5.0 K.The magnetic transition and the origin of large MCE in EuCu1.75P2 are also discussed.     

Order of magnetic transition and large magnetocaloric effect in Er3Co*

We have studied the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the Er3 Co compound,which undergoes ferromagnetic ordering below the Curie temperature TC = 13 K.It is found by fitting the isothermal magnetization curves that the Landau model is appropriate to describe the Er3 Co compound.The giant magnetocaloric effect(MCE) without hysteresis loss around T C is found to result from the second-order ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic transition.The maximal value of magnetic entropy change is 24.5 J/kg.K with a refrigerant capacity(RC) value of 476 J/kg for a field change of 0-5 T.Large reversible MEC and RC indicate the potentiality of Er3 Co as a candidate magnetic refrigerant at low temperatures.     

Tunable electronic and optical properties of GaS/GaSe van der Waals heterostructure

We have used first-principles calculations to investigate the electronic and optical properties of GaS/GaSe van der Waals heterostructures formed by stacking two-dimensional GaSe and GaSe monolayers. Our findings confirm that the GaS/GaSe heterostructures transform from an indirect to a direct band gap material for the two stackings considered in this study. In addition, we found that the direct band gaps are 1.780 eV and 1.736 eV for AA and AB stacking, respectively. It is observed that the behavior of the optical properties of AA stacking is similar to AB stacking with some differences in details and both heterostructures located in UV range. The refractive index values are 2.21 (AA pattern) and 2.18 (AB pattern) at zero photon energy limit and increase to 2.937 for AA and 2.18 AB patterns and both located in the visible region. More importantly, the GaS/GaSe heterostructures have a variety of extraordinary electronic and optical properties. Accordingly, these heterostructures can be useful for the solar cell, nanoelectronics, and optoelectronic applications.     

Determination of the magnetocaloric effect associated with martensitic transition in Ni46Cu4Mn38Sn12 and Ni50CoMn34In15 Heusler alloys

This paper presents a study of the inverse magnetocaloric effect (MCE) corresponding to martensitic transition using various experimental approaches for Ni46Cu4Mn38Sn12 and Ni50CoMn34In15 Heusler alloy. Through heat capacity measurements,it is found that the "giant inverse MCE" upon martensitic transition evaluated by the Maxwell relation in these alloys are unphysical results. This is due to the coexistence of both martensitic and austenitic phases,as well as thermal hysteresis during martensitic transition. However,careful study indicates that the spurious results during martensitic transition can be removed using a Clausius-Clapeyron equation based on magnetization measurements.     

Co掺杂对Mn$lt;sub$gt;3$lt;/sub$gt;Sn$lt;sub$gt;1-$lt;em$gt;x$lt;/em$gt;$lt;/sub$gt;Co$lt;sub$gt;$lt;em$gt;x$lt;/em$gt;$lt;/sub$gt;C$lt;sub$gt;1.1$lt;/sub$gt;化合物的磁性质、熵变以及磁卡效应的影响

利用固态反应法制备了Mn₃Sn_1-xCo_xC_1.1 （x=0.05,0.1,0.2） 系列化合物,研究了Co掺杂对其磁性质、相变、熵变的影响. 随着Co掺杂量的增加,样品的居里温度由283 K先降到212 K （Mn₃Sn_0.9Co_0.1C_1.1） 后又升到332 K （Mn₃Sn_0.2Co_0.8C_1.1）,相变类型由一级相变逐渐转变为二级相变. 增大Co的掺杂量,Mn₃Sn_1-xCo_xC_1.1化合物的熵变峰值逐渐减小,磁熵变温区由9 K展宽到300 K. 当Co掺杂量为0.2时,相对制冷量达到最高,为103 J/kg （磁场强度为1.6 MA/m）. 由于室温附近良好的磁致冷效应,该类材料在磁制冷领域可能具有重要的应用前景. 关键词： 磁性质 相变 磁卡效应 相对制冷量     

Order of magnetic magnetocaloric transition and large effect in Er3Co

We have studied the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the Er3Co compound, which undergoes ferromagnetic ordering below the Curie temperature Tc = 13 K. It is found by fitting the isothermal magnetization curves that the Landau model is appropriate to describe the Er3Co compound. The giant magnetocaloric effect （MCE） without hysteresis loss around Tc is found to result from the second-order ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic transition. The max- imal value of magnetic entropy change is 24.5 J/kg.K with a refrigerant capacity （RC） value of 476 J/kg for a field change of 0-5 T. Large reversible MEC and RC indicate the potentiality of Er3Co as a candidate magnetic refrigerant at low temperatures.     

Magnetocaloric and barocaloric effects in a Gd5Si2Ge2 compound

The first-order phase transition in Gd₅Si₂Ge₂ is sensitive to both magnetic field and pressure. It may indicate that the influences of the magnetic field and the pressure on the phase transition are virtually equivalent. Moreover, theoretical analyses reveal that the total entropy change is almost definite at a certain Curie temperature no matter whether the applied external field is a magnetic field or a pressure. The entropy change curve can be broadened dramatically under pressure, and the refrigerant capacity is improved from 284.7 J/kg to 447.0 J/kg.     

Review of magnetocaloric effect in perovskite-type oxides

We survey the magnetocaloric effect in perovskite-type oxides (including doped ABO 3-type manganese oxides, A3B2O7-type two-layered perovskite oxides, and A2B'B'O6-type ordered double-perovskite oxides). Magnetic entropy changes larger than those of gadolinium can be observed in polycrystalline La1-xCaxMnO3 and alkali-metal (Na or K) doped La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 perovskite-type manganese oxides. The large magnetic entropy change produced by an abrupt reduction of magnetization is attributed to the anomalous thermal expansion at the Curie temperature. Considerable magnetic entropy changes can also be observed in two-layered perovskites La1.6Ca1.4Mn2O7 and La2.5-xK0.5+xMn2O7+δ (0 x 0.5), and double-perovskite Ba2Fe1+xMo1-xO6 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) near their respective Curie temperatures. Compared with rare earth metals and their alloys, the perovskite-type oxides are lower in cost, and they exhibit higher chemical stability and higher electrical resistivity, which together favor lower eddy-current heating. They are potential magnetic refrigerants at high temperatures, especially near room temperature.     

Magnetic proximity effect induced spin splitting in two-dimensional antimonene/Fe3GeTe2 van der Waals heterostructures

Recently, two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) magnetic heterostructures have attracted intensive attention since they can show remarkable properties due to the magnetic proximity effect. In this work, the spin-polarized electronic structures of antimonene/Fe₃GeTe₂ vdW heterostructures were investigated through the first-principles calculations. Owing to the magnetic proximity effect, the spin splitting appears at the conduction-band minimum (CBM) and the valence-band maximum (VBM) of the antimonene. A low-energy effective Hamiltonian was proposed to depict the spin splitting. It was found that the spin splitting can be modulated by means of applying an external electric field, changing interlayer distance or changing stacking configuration. The spin splitting energy at the CBM monotonously increases as the external electric field changes from -5 V/nm to 5 V/nm, while the spin splitting energy at the VBM almost remains the same. Meanwhile, as the interlayer distance increases, the spin splitting energies at the CBM and VBM both decrease. The different stacking configurations can also induce different spin splitting energies at the CBM and VBM. Our work demonstrates that the spin splitting of antimonene in this heterostructure is not singly dependent on the nearest Sb—Fe distance, which indicates that magnetic proximity effect in heterostructures may be modulated by multiple factors, such as hybridization of electronic states and the local electronic environment. The results enrich the fundamental understanding of the magnetic proximity effect in two-dimensional vdW heterostructures.     

Weak amplification of the magnetocaloric effect in manganites

The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) has been measured by direct method in La_0.8Ag_0.15MnO₃ and La_0.85Ag_0.15MnO₃ before and after coating of Fe–Co layer on the surfaces of manganites. An evaporated film thickness has been 500 nm. The measurements have shown the MCE to be increased by 7%–8% under 26 kOe after Fe–Co coating on the flat surfaces.     

Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect in TbCo2-xFex compounds

Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect in TbCo2-xFex compounds are studied by DC magnetic measurement. With increasing content of Fe, the entropy changes decrease slightly, though the Curie temperature is tuned from 231 K （x = 0） to 303 K （x = 0.1）. Magnetic entropies of TbCo2 compound are calculated by using mean field approximation （MFA）. Results estimated by using Maxwell relation are consistent with that of MFA calculation. It is shown that the entropy changes are mainly derived from the magnetic entropy changes. The lattice has almost no contribution to the entropy change in the vicinity of phase transition.