掺钕铌酸锂晶体光折变效应的研究

钕掺杂的铌酸锂Nd:LiNbO_3(以下简写为Nd:LN)晶体是光折变晶体,以Nd:LN为基,分别掺入MgO和CeO_2,生长出Nd,Mg:LN和Nd,Ce:LN晶体。其中Nd,Mg:LN晶体的光折变阈值比Nd:LN提高了二个数量级,抗光损伤能力增强,可作为自倍频激光介质。Nd,Ce:LN晶体的光折变灵敏度比Nd:LN晶体提高了一个数量级,非线性光学性能好。通过光折变阈值和光电导的测量和研究,对钛掺杂的铌酸锂晶体光折变产生的机理,以及Mg和Ce离子在其中的影响作用进行了讨论。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定尼日利亚铌钽锂矿石中的铌、钽、锂

经过三种样品前处理实验对比,选择采取氢氟酸-高氯酸-王水溶样,酒石酸-王水浸取,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定尼日利亚地区铌钽矿石中铌、钽、锂元素。对元素的分析谱线、酒石酸浓度等工作条件进行了优化,选择各元素的最佳分析谱线,并进行加标回收实验,探讨了各元素的加标回收率。选取Nb 269.7 nm、Ta 240.0 nm、Li 670.78 nm作为仪器分析谱线,计算得到的方法检出限分别为:Nb 0.5μg/g、Ta 1.5μg/g、Li 15.0μg/g。对比各种溶样方法,选取一种最简洁方便的样品前处理途径,经国家一级标准物质GBW07153、GBW07155和GBW07185验证,测定值的相对误差为-2.82%~1.77%,方法精密度(RSD,n=6)为0.11%~1.2%,测定尼日利亚地区铌钽锂矿石中的铌、钽、锂元素,结果无显著性差异,方法能够满足尼日利亚铌钽矿石中相关组分的准确测定。     

铌酸锂晶体性能的组成依赖性(英文)

总结了铌酸锂晶体的各项性能指标,显示了其对晶体实际组成的强烈依赖性.利用化学键模型定量地解释了这种依赖性产生的根源,从而说明了制约该晶体性能提高的关键因素是晶体结构中的缺陷控制.     

铌酸锂单晶光纤包层研究

通过镁离子内扩散铌酸锂晶光纤，以改变晶纤表层的折射率，首次在国内实现了沿不同的轴向生长，不同掺杂的铌酸锂单晶光纤的芯－包层波导结构。通过匹配扩散温度，扩散时间，ＭｇＯ膜厚等扩散参数及选择合适的晶纤直径，实现了晶纤具有阶跃和抛物折射率分布的包层，并对包层晶纤的模式特性进行了观察，得到低次模传输。     

铌酸锂单晶光纤包层研究

通过镁离子内扩散铌酸锂单晶光纤，以改变晶纤表层的折射率，首次在国内实现了沿不同轴向生长、不同掺杂的铌酸锂单晶光纤的芯－包层波导结构。通过匹配扩散温度、扩散时间、ＭｇＯ膜厚等扩散参数及选择合适的晶纤直径，实现了晶纤具有阶跃和抛物折射率分布的包层，并对包层晶纤的模式特性进行了观察，得到低次模传输。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定锂云母中的锂、钽、铌等7种元素

采用HNO_3-HF-HClO_4的酸体系将实验样品置于聚四氟乙烯坩埚中进行消解,用稀硝酸定容。用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定锂云母中的锂、钽、铌等7种常见元素。通过对国家标准物质GBW07154、GBW07152的验证,测定值均在标准值的误差范围内,检出限为0.001 8～0.11μg/g,样品测定的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)在0.95%～3.5%,加标回收率在95.0%～108%。方法快速、准确,试剂用量少,适合大批量锂云母矿样品中Li、Ta、Nb等元素的分析测定。     

铌酸钾锂的X射线荧光光谱分析

提出了一种用X射线荧光光谱分析铌酸钾锂中Li_2O,K_2O和Nb_2O_5的方法.采用deJongh校正方程,将Li_2O当作消去组分,所得Li_2O的结果与ICP-AES法一致.同时建立了非破坏分析校正曲线.     

铌酸盐ANbO3（A=Li,K）电子结构和光学性质

应用含有组态作用的ＩＮＤＯ／１量子化学方法，计算了ＬｉＮｂＯ３和ＫＮｂＯ３三聚体的基态电子结构及激发态的有关信息，再利用态求和以及性能叠加方法，计算了ＬｉＮｂＯ３和ＫＮｂＯ３晶体的线性和非线性光学系数。理论与实验结果进行比较后表明：计算得到的ＬｉＮｂＯ３晶体的动态光折射率较接近测量值；适用于相匹配的宏观晶体非线性光学系数ｄ３１，ｄ３２相当好地重现了实验测量值。同时，说明了ＫＮｂＯ３的ｄ３１，ｄ３２     

稀土铌钽矿中铌、钽、锆量的电感耦合等离子-原子发射光谱法测定

本文研究了用电感耦合等离子-原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定稀土铌钽矿中的铌、钽、锆。实验考察了不同溶样方法及其对样品的溶解程度,确定了称样量及其熔融物提取的方法,选择了分析线波长,确定了仪器工作条件,考察了共存元素的干扰情况。对方法的准确度及精密度进行了考察。本法测定Nb、Ta和Zr的线性范围分别为0.50~5.00μg/mL、0.10~1.00μg/mL和5.00~50.00μg/mL,对于0.050%~0.20%Nb2O5、0.010%~0.20%Ta2O5、0.50%~5.00%ZrO2测定的相对标准偏差均小于7%。     

Tetrahydrofuran Activation Assisted Synthesis of Nanosized Lithium Niobate and Lithium Tantalate

Black solid precursors obtained from reactions between MCl₅ (M = Nb, Ta) and alkyllithiums, n‐butyllithium (ⁿBuLi) and ethyllithium (EtLi), in tetrahydrofuran (THF) were heat treated under vacuum at 673–973 K to form nano‐sized particles (20–100 nm in diameter) of lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO₃). Stoichiometry of the reactants is critical and affects the phases of the products. Based on the volatile byproducts detected, a reaction pathway involving the activation of THF by alkyllithiums is proposed to be important for the formation of LiNbO₃ and LiTaO₃ precursors.     

Formation Enthalpy Calculation of Oxygen Vacancy Defect in Doped Lithium Niobate Crystals

The relationship between temperature and oxygen vacancy concentration is deduced in this paper. Based on the data of thermal weight-loss experiment, the formation enthalpies of congruent and several doped LN crystals have been calculated. It was found that the formation enthalpy of oxygen vacancies can be decreased evidently by doping valence-changeable ions. The experimental results were discussed and a new reduction process of the photorefractive LN crystal at a relatively low temperature was proposed, and the reduced crystals showed a good effect in practical use.     

Optical Properties of Ce-Doped Lithium Niobate Crystals with Various Li/Nb Ratio

Ce-doped lithium niobate （LiNbO3） single crystals were grown from the melts with various Li/Nb molar ratios （0.750, 0.850, 0.946, 1.100, 1.250 and 1.380） by Czochralski method, while doping concentration of Ce was 0.1 mol%. Infrared spectra （IR） and Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra （UV） of the crystals were measured to investigate the location of Ce ions and defect structure in crystals. The writing time, erasing time, photorefractive sensitivity and dynamic range were measured by two-wave coupling equipment. The results showed that Ce takes the place of Li lattice site, and the LiNbO3 crystal grown from the melt with Li/Nb ratio of 1.250 is stoichiometric crystal, which has the best properties due to the synergistic effect of Ce ion and Li/Nb ratio. Also the influence of various Li/Nb ratios on the defect structure and optical properties of the crystal was reported.     

Structural Design of Ionic Conduction Paths in Molecular Crystals for Selective and Enhanced Lithium Ion Conduction

The molecular crystals [Li{N(SO₂CF₃)₂}{C₆H₄(OCH₃)₂}₂] and [Li{N(SO₂CF₃)₂}{C₆F₂H₂(OCH₃)₂}₂] with solid‐state lithium ion conductivity have been synthesized by the addition of two equivalents of 1,2‐dimethoxybenzene or 1,2‐difluoro‐4,5‐dimethoxybenzene to Li{N(SO₂CF₃)₂}, respectively. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed the formation of ionic conduction paths with an ordered arrangement of lithium ions in these crystal structures, afforded by the self‐ assembled stacking of molecular‐based channels consisting of N(SO₂CF₃)₂ anion and 1,2‐dimethoxybenzene frameworks as a result of intermolecular aromatic and hydrogen interactions. These compounds show selective lithium ion conductivity as the anions behave as a component unit of the conduction paths. The relationship between the crystal structure and ionic conductivity of the molecular crystals provides a clue to the development of novel solid electrolytes based on molecular crystals showing fast and selective lithium ion conduction.     

Nonlinear Optical BBO Crystals: Growth, Properties and Applications

1　 INTRODUCTIONLow temperature phase barium metaborateβ- Ba B2 O4 ( BBO) as a new nonlinearoptical material was firstdiscovered in 1 979by Chen's group of the Fujian Instituteof Research on the Structure of Matter,People's Republic of China〔1〕.BBO has anumber ofexcellentpropertiessuch aslarge effective SHG coefficients,large birefrin-gence,wide transparent spectral range,high damage threshold and good machnicaland chemical properties.Particularly attractive feature is its UV t…     

Optical Properties and Structural Perfection of Chicago Sky Blue 6B-doped KDP Crystals

KDP crystals doped with Chicago Sky Blue 6B(CSB-6B) were grown by traditional lowering temperature method.The optical properties and structural perfection of KDP crystals were investigated by transmittance spectra and high-resolution X-ray diffraction,respectively.The results indicate that CSB-6B tends to be incorporated into the pyramidal sector of KDP crystals(PyS-KDP) and lead to inclusions parallel to(101) face.Additionally,the transmittance of as-grown KDP crystals decreases as the amount of CSB-6B increases.Moreover,the rocking curves of PyS-KDP suggest that CSB-6B can deteriorate the structural perfection of PyS-KDP.     

Anisotropic Ionic Mobility of Lithium Salts in Lamellar Liquid Crystalline Polymer Networks

New mesogens presenting smectic A (SmA) phases and capable of hosting lithium salts are designed. The mesogens comprise a vinyl‐functionalized spacer to allow further reaction to the polymer backbone, an aromatic core and ethylene oxide chains, able to coordinate lithium ions. Copolymerizing these monomers with a suitable crosslinker yields the first lithium containing liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs). The SmA structure where the ethylene oxide chains are microphase separated in layers is fixed by the crosslinking and permanent macroscopic orientation is obtained. Diffusion and conductivity measurements of the monomer sample show a large anisotropy of the ion mobility (100 for the cation and 400 for the anion). In the elastomer the anisotropy of the lithium mobility is comparable to that in the monomers.     

Syntheses and Characterization of Novel Perovskite-Type LaScO3-Based Lithium Ionic Conductors

Perovskite-type lithium ionic conductors were explored in the (Li_xLa_1−x/3)ScO₃ system following their syntheses via a high-pressure solid-state reaction. Phase identification indicated that a solid solution with a perovskite-type structure was formed in the range 0 ≤ x < 0.6. When x = 0.45, (Li_0.45La_0.85)ScO₃ exhibited the highest ionic conductivity and a low activation energy. Increasing the loading of lithium as an ionic diffusion carrier expanded the unit cell volume and contributed to the higher ionic conductivity and lower activation energy. Cations with higher oxidation numbers were introduced into the A/B sites to improve the ionic conductivity. Ce⁴⁺ and Zr⁴⁺ or Nb⁵⁺ dopants partially substituted the A-site (La/Li) and B-site Sc, respectively. Although B-site doping produced a lower ionic conductivity, A-site Ce⁴⁺ doping improved the conductive properties. A perovskite-type single phase was obtained for (Li_0.45La_0.78Ce_0.05)ScO₃ upon Ce⁴⁺ doping, providing a higher ionic conductivity than (Li_0.45La_0.85)ScO₃. Compositional analysis and crystal-structure refinement of (Li_0.45La_0.85)ScO₃ and (Li_0.45La_0.78Ce_0.05)ScO₃ revealed increased lithium contents and expansion of the unit cell upon Ce⁴⁺ co-doping. The highest ionic conductivity of 1.1 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ at 623 K was confirmed for (Li_0.4Ce_0.15La_0.67)ScO₃, which is more than one order of magnitude higher than that of the (Li_xLa_1−x/3)ScO₃ system.     

Charge Storage Mechanism and Structural Evolution of Viologen Crystals as the Cathode of Lithium Batteries

Although organic ionic crystals represent an attractive class of active materials for rechargeable batteries owing to their high capacity and low solubility in electrolytes, they generally suffer from limited electronic conductivity and moderate voltage. Furthermore, the charge storage mechanism and structural evolution during the redox processes are still not clearly understood. Here we describe ethyl viologen iodide (EVI₂) and ethyl viologen diperchlorate (EV(ClO₄)₂) as cathode materials of lithium batteries which crystallize in a monoclinic system with alternating organic EV²⁺ layers and inorganic I^?/ClO₄^? layers. The EVI₂ electrode exhibits a high initial discharge plateau of 3.7 V (vs. Li⁺/Li) because of its anion storage ability. When I^? is replaced by ClO₄^?, the obtained EV(ClO₄)₂ electrode displays excellent rate performance with a theoretical capacity of 78 % even at 5 C owing to the good electron conductivity of ClO₄^? layers. EVI₂ and EV(ClO₄)₂ also show excellent cycling stability (capacity retention >96 % after 200 cycles).