Effect of bond strength on the breaking strength of two-layer cellophane film materials

The effect of bond strength on over-all tensile strength has been investigated in relation to two-layer materials consisting of cellophane film cut in the longitudinal and transverse directions and bonded with polyisobutylene. It is shown that there is a linear correlation between the bond strength and the combination hardening effect. The breaking stress of two-layer materials is higher than that of the individual films. A possible explanation of this effect is proposed.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 89–94, 1967     

Effect of the deformation of the film -substrate system on the physicochemical properties of films and their adhesion strength

It was shown that the mechanism of deformation of films of rigid crosslinked polymers (polyester, polyester imide, polyester cyanurate) is appreciably different from the deformation mechanism of free films: a forced highly elastic deformation takes place, sometimes even at an early stage, while the free films deform reversibly up to rupture. Explanations have been suggested for the characteristic features of deformation of films studied on a substrate. The forced highly elastic deformation process is related to the effect of orienting reinforcement of films. An increase in the adhesion strength in the film-substrate system during the deformation has been shown, and an explanation of this effect has been proposed.V. I. Lenin All-Union Electrotechnical Institute, Moscow. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 526–530, May, 1973.     

Effect of a vacuum on the adhesion of rubbers to metal

The effect of a vacuum on the adhesion of rubbers to metals has been investigated both when the joints are formed in the vacuum and when joints formed under normal conditions are transferred to a vacuum. A method of estimating the effect of the vacuum, independently of the duration of contact and the contact temperature and pressure used in forming the joint, is described. The results obtained (a sharp increase in adhesion under vacuum) correspond to the theoretical notions of Bikerman concerning weak boundary layers.Central Scientific-Research Laboratory of Chemical Packaging, Moscow. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 6, pp. 1036–1041, November–December, 1973.     

Investigation of the strength of foil-backed film materials

A correlation between the adhesion and cohesion strength characteristics is established for combined materials of the polymer-adhesive-foil type with crystalline polymer as the adhesive. It is shown that the dependence of K_r and ?_b on the adhesion is nonmonotonic. There is a so-called "working" adhesion range for obtaining foil-backed combined materials with improved physicomechanical properties.     

Strength of two-layer heterogeneous film materials

We have investigated the strength of composite film materials with reference to three types of model systems A-C-B:

$$\begin{array}{*{20}c} { I} & {\sigma b_A \ne \sigma b_{B,} } & {\varepsilon b_{_A } \ne \varepsilon b_{B;} } \\ { II} & {\sigma b_A \ne \sigma b_{B,} } & {\varepsilon b_A \ne \varepsilon b_{B;} } \\ {III} & {\sigma b_A \ne \sigma b_{B,} } & {\varepsilon b_A \ne \varepsilon b_{B;} } \\ \end{array}$$     

Estimation of the quality of adhesion of a metallic coating to a polymer film using the scratch method

A method of determining the quality of adhesion of a metallic coating to a polymer film at coating thicknesses of 1000–3000 Å and film thicknesses of 10–100 µ using the scratch method is described. The results of testing various aluminized polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene film specimens, differing with respect to the treatment of the polymer surface before deposition of the metal, are presented. The aluminization vacuum was 5 · 10^?4 or 9 · 10^?3 mm Hg.     

Maintenance policy for a system with a weighted linear combination of degradation processes

This paper develops maintenance policies for a system under condition monitoring. We assume that a number of defects may develop and the degradation process of each defect follows a gamma process. The system is said failed if a linear combination of the degradation processes exceeds a pre-specified threshold. Preventive maintenance is performed. The system is renewed after several preventive maintenance activities have been performed. The main objective of this paper is to optimise the time between preventive maintenance actions and the number of the preventive maintenance. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the results.     

Effect of spherulite dimensions on polypropylene adhesion

The effect of spherulite growth (diameter 25 to 185 µ) on the adhesive properties and density of polypropylene is studied. The adhesive properties are evaluated in terms of adhesive power and adhesion susceptibility. It is shown that, as distinct from the cohesive strength, the strength of adhesive joints in which polypropylene is used as substrate and SKB butadiene elastomer as adhesive increases somewhat with the diameter of the spherulites, while the density of the polypropylene increases linearly. It is suggested that the observed increase in adhesion susceptibility is due to surface development associated with the growth of the spherulites.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 3–7, 1965     

Effect of crystallization on the adhesion of polycaprolactam to metal

The effect of the melt cooling and annealing conditions on the supermolecular structure of polycaprolactam and its adhesion to aluminum has been studied. It is shown that the transition from amorphous-mesomorphous to crystalline structure leads to a decrease in adhesion.Institute of Mechanics of Metal-Polymer Systems, Academy of Sciences of the Belorussian SSR, Gomel'. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 1, pp. 170–172, January–February, 1976.     

Effect of aging on the lifetime of industrial polyimide film

Results are given of a study of the thermomechanical properties of industrial polyimide film at constant mechanical-stress values and on nonlinear change in temperature with time. The effect of thermal aging and of irradiation with neutrons on polyimide (PM) film is examined. From the experimental data obtained, the possibility is presented of predicting the "service life" of material over a wide range of mechanical loads and temperatures.S. M. Kirov Polytechnic Institute, Tomsk. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 6, pp. 1046–1049, November–December, 1974.     

Simulation of the processes of deformation of orthotropic viscoelastic polymer materials

The similarity and simulation of the processes of deformation of orthotropic linear heredity materials are investigated by the similarity method. Systems of determining parameters are given. The possibility of modeling in particular cases of different and identical materials is demonstrated. Modeling of the buckling process is considered as an example.Institute of Polymer Mechanics, Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR, Riga. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp 603–606, July–August 1968.     

Investigation of the physicochemical processes associated with the friction of antifriction materials

Certain physicochemical processes associated with the friction of model antifriction materials based on stiff-chain polymers are examined. The effect of the ambient medium, temperature and the composition of the model antifriction material on the nature of these processes is demonstrated.Institute of Electro-Organic Compounds, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 4, pp. 634–640, July–August, 1974.