柱色谱法分离地榆中的鞣质和皂甙

柱色谱法分离地榆中的鞣质和皂甙王满力，陈桐（贵州工学院化工系贵阳５５０００３）ｌ前言从中草药植物中革取的鞣质和皂甙极不易分离，严重地制约了它们的开发利用￣［１，２］。本文采用色谱半干柱酸度梯度淋洗法￣［２，３］，可将地榆中鞣质和皂甙完全分离，并观察到...     

薄层色谱法在三氯蔗糖合成控制中的应用

本文采用薄层层析法对三氯蔗糖合成过程中所涉及的反应物进行分离分析，通过洗择优化展开体系，有效地分离了蔗糖及其酯类衍生物，并实现了蔗糖乙酸酯同分异构体的分离，较为直观地指示了反应进程。     

黄酮类化合物的超临界流体色谱分离

利用超临界流体色谱成功地分离了黄酮类化合物，研究了流动相组成，柱条件，压力及温度的影响。发现流动相组成是影响色谱分离的最主要因素；其次，色谱柱条件也是影响分离的一个很重要的因素，硅胶基质的键合苯基柱比较适合于极性黄酮类化合物的分离。     

光敏分离薄膜激光热透镜光谱法测定微区痕量汞的研究

本文报道光敏分离薄膜激光热透镜光谱法测定微区痕量汞的研究。讨论了汞－双硫腙体系的光敏特性，及其光敏薄膜激光热透镜的产生机理，研究了不同溶剂介质对光敏分离薄膜热透镜信号的影响，采用光敏分离成功地进行了痕量汞的分离测定。     

小型氧化铝交换柱分离—电位滴定法测定氢氧化镍中硫酸根

报道了小型氧化铝交换柱分离－电位滴定法测定氢氧化镍中的硫酸根。采用小型氧化铝交换柱将氢氧化镍中的硫酸根定量地与基体的镍分离，然后用铅离子电化学传感器作指示电极，电位滴定法测定硫酸根，对分离条件和滴定条件进行了研究。     

同步荧光光谱法监测按芳环数分离重质油中的芳烃

采用同步荧光光谱法监测了液相色谱法以氧化铝作固定相将重质油中的芳烃按芳环数分离的分离过程。在同步荧光光谱的监测下，选择了液相色谱分离的合适进样量和分段梯度洗脱溶剂强度，使得减压馏分油和减压渣油中的芳烃都可较好地按芳环数进行分离。     

七-(2,6-二戊基)-β-环糊精作为毛细管气相色谱固定相分离对映体的研究

合成了七－（２，６－二戊基）－β－环糊精（ＤＩＰＣＤ），成功地将它涂渍在石英毛细管柱上，分离了一系列对映体，讨论了ＤＩＰＣＤ分子结构因素对对映体分离的影响。     

羟乙基纤维素及蔗糖无胶筛分毛细管电泳分离DNA片段

提出以羟乙基纤维素、蔗糖和硼酸形成“互穿网络”无胶筛分介质，显著地提高了分离效率，分离了φＸ１７４／ＨａｅⅢＤＮＡ的所有１１个ＤＮＡ片段，探讨了“互穿网络”无胶筛分机理。将该方法应有和于决定鳝鱼性别基因ＰＣＲ扩增产物的分离与鉴定，结果较好。     

有孔虫中硼的分离及其正热电离质谱法测定

针对大洋钻探计划(0DP)钻孔中有孔虫数量少、硼含量低的特点，改进了硼特效树脂和阴、阳混合离子交换树脂相结合进行分离硼的方法，成功地实现了硼的分离，并且首次采用正热电离质语法测定了有孔虫中硼同位素的比值。由于硼的分离过程不产生同位素分馏，测定结果令人满意。     

毛细管气相色谱法分析人参中有机氯农药残留量

本文采用高分离效能的毛细管气相色谱柱和高灵敏度的电子捕获检测器，成功地分离和检测了常见的有机氯农药六六六，滴滴涕，六氯苯，五氯硝基苯，七氯，氯甲桥萘等十二种组分，提供了一种分析人参中有机氯农药残留量的方法。     

Chiral Separation of Erythromycin as a New Chiral Selector on CE

Erythromycin as a new chiral selector was first used for chrial separation of four derivatives of biphenyldimethylester enantiomers on CE.The influence of pH,the chiral selector concentration and organic modifiers were preliminarily studied.Experiments show that the erythromycin as chiral selector is useful to CE.     

Experimentation with Chiral CE: The Application of Two Chiral Selectors and Partial Filling with Chiral Selector

Data on the use of two chiral selectors, namely 18-crown-6 tetracarboxylic acid and a negatively charged cyclodextrin derivative (sulfated-β-cyclodextrin or carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin), in the same background electrolyte are presented. The use of such dual systems has a considerable influence on the resolution, as illustrated for the separation of tryptophan derivatives. Reduction of the consumption of chiral selector without significant loss in resolution was obtained by only partly filling the capillary and applying a run buffer without selector. This is illustrated for the chiral separation of tryptophan hydroxamate and the diastereomeric and enantiomeric separation of the dipeptide α/b-AspPhe-OMe.     

卡那霉素作为手性选择剂的毛细管电泳手性药物分离研究

建立了一种以天然易得的卡那霉素为手性添加剂，用毛细管区带电泳法快速分离市售对乙肝有良好治疗效果的药物联苯双脂衍生物的方法，拓宽了毛细管电泳中手性选择剂的范围，通过实验研究了卡那霉素、甲醇 含量PH值，磷酸盐缓冲体系和硼硝缓冲体系对手性分离的影响，以及三种有机溶剂（甲醇、乙晴、异丙醇）添加剂对手性分离的影响，结果表明，在含有3％卡那霉素，30mol/L，硼砂缓冲体系（PH＝8．0）添加30％异丙醇是最佳的分离条件。     

Chiral separation of pharmacologically active dihydropyrimidinones with carboxymethyl-beta-cyclodextrin

We report on the chiral separation of pharmacologically active dihydropyrimidinones by capillary electrophoresis (CE) using carboxymethyl-beta-cyclodextrin as chiral selector. The influence of selector concentration, pH, and the addition of varying amounts of methanol is investigated. Out of 21 compounds investigated, 19 were resolved, 13 with baseline separation.     

3-苯基乳酸的手性毛细管电泳拆分

考察了环糊精种类、环糊精浓度、缓冲溶液pH、分离电压、温度等因素对3-苯基乳酸手性分离的影响,并对分离条件进行了优化。结果表明,采用区带毛细管电泳技术,以0.03 mol/L的羟丙基-β-环糊精为手性选择剂,0.1 mol/L的磷酸缓冲溶液(pH 5.5)为电泳缓冲溶液,26 kV的分离电压,在25 ℃下可使3-苯基乳酸对映体达到基线分离,分离度为1.51。     

毛细管电泳在手性分离中的应用及进展

本文评述了近年来毛细管电泳在手性分离中的应用及进展，介绍了毛细管电泳分离手性对映射的数学模型、五种不同的分离模式及机理、七种常用的手性选择性类型及其在药学、环境和生命科学中的应用、研究中需优化的操作参数及其发展方向。     

Chiral separation of basic drugs by capillary electrophoresis with carboxymethylcyclodextrins

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) with carboxymethylated beta- or gamma-cyclodextrins was used to achieve the rapid enantiomeric separation of a set of basic drugs. The enantiomers of 12 chiral amino-containing pharmaceutical compounds belonging to various therapeutic categories were analyzed by CE using an uncoated 60 cm x 75 microm I.D. silica capillary. Several experimental parameters such as the nature, concentration and pH of the buffer, nature and concentration of the anionic cyclodextrin and temperature were studied in order to optimize the enantiomeric separation. The variation of the solute partition coefficient for the chiral selector, the enantioselectivity and resolution factors are used to assess the quality of the chiral separation. It is shown that the solute affinity for the chiral selector is not related to its enantioresolution factor. None of the two cyclodextrin selectors used was able to separate the whole set of basic drugs.     

Chiral ionic liquids for enantioseparation of pharmaceutical products by capillary electrophoresis

A chiral ionic liquid (IL), S-[3-(chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium] [bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide] (S-[CHTA](+)[Tf(2)N](-)), which can be easily and readily synthesized in a one-step process from commercially available reagents, can be successfully used both as co-electrolyte and as a chiral selector for CE. A variety of pharmaceutical products including atenolol, propranolol, warfarin, indoprofen, ketoprofen, ibuprofen and flurbiprofen, can be successfully and baseline separated with the use of this IL as electrolyte. Interestingly, while S-[CHTA](+)[Tf(2)N](-) can also serve as a chiral selector, enantioseparation cannot be successfully achieved with S-[CHTA](+)[Tf(2)N](-) as the only chiral selector. In the case of ibuprofen, a second chiral selector, namely a chiral anion (sodium cholate), is needed for the chiral separation. For furbiprofen, in addition to S-[CHTA](+)[Tf(2)N](-) and sodium cholate, a third and neutral chiral selector, 1-S-octyl-beta-d-thioglucopyranoside (OTG), is also needed. Due to the fact that the chirality of this chiral IL resides on the cation (i.e., -[CHTA](+)), and that needed additional chiral selector(s) are either chiral anion (i.e., cholate) or chiral neutral compound (OTG), the results obtained seem to suggest that additional chiral selector(s) are needed to provide the three-point interactions needed for chiral separations.     

Chiral separation of dansyl amino acids in capillary electrophoresis using mono-(3-methyl-imidazolium)-beta-cyclodextrin chloride as selector

Enantioseparations of fourteen dansyl amino acids were achieved by using a positively-charged single-isomer beta-cyclodextrin, mono-(3-methyl-imidazolium)-beta-cyclodextrin chloride, as a chiral selector. Separation parameters such as buffer pH, selector concentration, separation temperature, and organic modifier were investigated for the enantioseparation in order to achieve the maximum possible resolution. Chiral separation of dansyl amino acids was found to be highly dependent on pH since the degree of protonation of these amino acids can alter the strength of electrostatic interaction and/or inclusion complexation between each enantiomer and chiral selector. In general, the chiral resolution of dansyl amino acids was enhanced at higher pH, which indicates that the carboxylate group on the analytes may interact with the imidazolium group of cationic cyclodextrin. For most analytes, a distinct maximum in enantioresolution was obtained at pH 8.0. Moreover, the chiral separation can be further improved by careful tuning of the separation parameters such as higher selector concentration (e.g. 10 mM), lower temperature, and addition of methanol. Enantioseparation of a standard mixture of these dansyl amino acids was further achieved in a single run within 30 min.     

以L-谷氨酰胺为手性选择剂毛细管电泳拆分几种药物旋光对映体

以Ｌ－谷氨酰胺为手性选择剂,建立了对普萘洛尔、慢心律、心律平、苯丙哌酮、异丙肾上腺素、氯胺酮、山莨菪碱、洛贝林、布比卡因、苯海索等１０种手性药物对映体的毛细管电泳快速分离方法,在含有６０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｌ－谷氨酰胺,６０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ硼砂（ｐＨ＝９．２５）的缓冲溶液中,１０种手性药物在１１ｍｉｎ内达到基线分离。并对分离机理作了初步探讨。