同步加速器中束流能量的修正

叙述了同步加速器中束流能量测量和修正的原理,推导出关于闭合轨道畸变和校正二极子强度的束流能量的修正公式,介绍了这些公式在北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)上的应用,并对其结果进行了讨论.     

BEPC束流极化与极化仪的研究

简要介绍了在北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)上实现束流极化的必要性与可能性,以及束流极化度测量的原理与方法,还简要描述了利用一条同步辐射管道测量BEPC电子束流极化度的测试系统方案设计以及正在开展的实验工作.     

束流逐圈位置测量在BEPC储存环上的初步应用

介绍了利用合肥同步辐射光源(HLS)的逐束团位置测量系统在北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)上进行的逐圈位置测量实验. 在不同条件下对束流进行逐圈位置测量, 得到束流的相运动图像并观测了阻尼效应. 利用基频数值分析(NAFF)方法对逐圈位置数据分析得到高精度的束流频谱, 可以由此研究各种效应引起的工作点漂移. 实验中观测到特定工作点下由色品校正六极子引起的束流共振现象, 并对此作了合理解释.     

同步加速器中束流能量的修正

叙述了同步加速器中束流能量测量和修正的原理,推导出关于闭合轨道畸变和校正二极子强度的束流能量的修正公式,介绍了这些公式在北京正负电子对撞机（BEPC）上的应用,并对其结果进行了讨论．     

BEPC中的电子云不稳定性研究

多束团正电子储存环中可能发生电子云不稳定性(ECI). 自1996年起, 在北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)上开展了与这种束流不稳定性相关的系列研究. 文章扼要介绍在BEPC上进行的电子云不稳定性研究, 包括实验观测和模拟计算, 并讨论可能的抑制措施.     

北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)同步辐射实验厅辐射剂量水平的测定

本文描述了北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)同步辐射实验厅内辐射的来源和特点,辐射测量方法及其测量结果.通过对东、西两个实验厅的辐射剂量水平随时间和空间变化的分析,得出一个重要的结论:同步辐射实验厅内辐射剂量水平与实验厅相对正负电子束流注入点的位置、屏蔽墙厚度、束流注入的时间和效率有密切关系.     

北京正负电子对撞机中的束流光电子不稳定性研究

高能储存环中的正电子束流辐射出光子,打在束流管道壁上产生光电子并形成电子云;多束团正电子束流与电子云相互作用,有可能发生的不稳定性,称为束流光电子不稳定性.这种不稳定性有可能在下一代高能正负电子对撞机的束流中发生,因此对这种束流不稳定性的研究,也有很重要的实际意义.文章讨论了在北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)上开展的束流光电子不稳定性实验和模拟分析研究.     

3W1永磁多极Wiggler的辐射特性

给出了北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)同步辐射新组装的3W1 Wiggler束斑强度分布及光子束流的测量结果,并与理论计算作了比较,两者得出了一致的结果.     

BEPC基于束流准直的BPM OFFSET测量系统

束流轨道对加速器的运行很重要,为了能准确的测量束流的位置,有必要对束流位置监视器(BPM)本身进行快速,准确的准直.介绍在BEPC上用束流作为基准来测量BPM的零点偏差(OFFSET) .这套测量系统用辅助绕组来改变四极磁铁的强度,已经应用到BEPC上,并且取得一定效果.     

BEPC II直线加速器数字BPM前端调理电路的研制

针对北京正负电子对撞机改造工程（BEPC II）直线加速器束流位置测量电子学系统故障率上升这一现状,结合BEPC II直线加速器束流参数以及BPM电子学ADC芯片带通采样的需求,设计了隔离度高、幅相一致性好的数字BPM射频前端电子学模块。数字BPM电子学系统采用MicroTCA 4.0系统架构,以FPGA作为主控制器,基于EDA软件开发设计。重点介绍了射频前端电子学模块中射频功率放大器、数字可调衰减器、带通滤波器等设计和实验室及在线测试结果。BEPC II对撞模式下,使用正电子束流,完成电子学系统在线测试,x方向位置测量精度约为38.46 μm,y方向位置测量精度约为26.16 μm,其测量精度和系统稳定性优于商用模拟BPM电子学模块,能够满足BEPC II直线加速器束流位置测量需求。     

Studies on electron cloud instability in BEPCⅡ

Electron Cloud Instability has been studied in the operation of BEPC. The BEPCⅡ began the commissioning in November 2006 and the positron beam current has reached 500 mA. Because of such a high beam current, some instabilities such as ECI, bunch lengthening et al, have appeared during the operation. The experimental investigation on ECI during the commissioning of BEPCⅡ will be reported in this paper.     

BEPCⅡ直线加速器的误差和抖动效应

为达到BEPCⅡ 直线加速器的设计指标,系统地研究了误差和抖动(Jitter)效应对束流性能的影响。误差效应包括束流的初始偏轴和聚焦透镜偏轴导致的色差效应;束流的初始偏轴和加速结构偏轴导致的尾场效应等。主要的抖动效应包括相位漂移抖动和高频功率源中调制器电压的抖动影响等。确定了在BEPCⅡ直线加速器上对误差和抖动的限制,如来自电子枪的束流的初始偏轴应小于等于0.3 mm,加速结构和聚焦磁铁的安装误差应小于等于0.2 mm,相位漂移抖动误差应小于等于2°,调制器的电压抖动误差应小于等于0.1%。并进一步确认了必须采用相位控制系统和束流轨道校正系统,以抑制这些误差效应的影响,达到正、负电子束流能散度小于等于0.5% 和电子束束流发射度小于等于0.25 mm·mrad,正电子束束流发射度小于等于1.60 mm·mrad 的设计目标。     

Beam-Beam Study in Beijing Electron Positron Collider mini-β Scheme

For performing mini-β scheme in the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider (BEPC),high RF voltage is supplied for shortening the bunch length,but results in the luminosity decrease. This is the special phenomenon of beam-beam on BEPC, which limits the performance of mini-β scheme. The work is aiming to explain the special phenomenon and overcome it. The conclusion of theoretic analysis,simulation and machine study is that,for BEPC,the bunch length influences the beam-beam interaction mainly through the “hourglass”effect and a veraging over the betatron phase during the collision, and these two contrary effects make the luminosity to be maximum only when σ_s/β_y (the ratio of bunch length and beta function of y-direction) is near the optimal value, and so the luminosity decrease due to high RF voltage can be avoided.     

Analytical treatment of the nonlinear electron cloud effect and the combined effects with beam-beam and space charge nonlinear forces in storage rings

In this paper we treat first some nonlinear beam dynamics problems in storage rings, such as beam dynamic apertures due to magnetic multipoles, wiggles, beam-beam effects, nonlinear space charge effect, and then nonlinear electron cloud effect combined with beam-beam and space charge effects, analytically. This analytical treatment is applied to BEPC Ⅱ. The corresponding analytical expressions developed in this paper are useful both in understanding the physics behind these problems and also in making practical quick hand estimations.     

BEPC中束束效应的计算模拟

独立开发并行的正负电子储存环的束束效应模拟程序SBBE?.通过求解自由空间内的Poisson方程计算束束作用力;单圈的传输映射中引入了辐射阻尼效应和随机效应.使用它对BEPC中的束束效应进行了计算模拟,并与实测数据进行比较.结果表明,SBBE可以较好地再现BEPC中由束束效应所引发的现象,具备一定的预言能力.本工作为BEPCⅡ的束束效应模拟研究.     

等离子体填充圆柱波导中双流不稳定性的研究

 在无限大磁场情况下对等离子体填充圆柱波导中双电子注的相互作用进行了理论分析,得出行列式形式的色散方程。针对不同参数对色散方程进行数值计算,发现当两根电子注之间存在速度差时,通过快慢空间电荷波的相互作用,两电子注引起的双流不稳定性可以产生契伦柯夫辐射;当等离子体频率超过双注相互作用的频率范围后,可以大大加强和改善等离子体、两电子注三者之间的相互作用。     

北京慢正电子强束流磁场输运系统设计研究

针对基于北京正负电子对撞机的慢正电子强束流系统对输运磁场的设计要求,本文对不同规格的磁场输运线圈模型、长螺线管端口处磁场的补偿以及地磁场和弯管道对正电子束流的影响等进行了计算,提出适用于本系统传输慢正电子束流的输运磁场分布、补偿线圈、调整线圈的加工参数,计算表明,系统的总体磁场不均匀度小于10髎.实际运行束流测试表明,所设计的磁场系统能够很好的将慢正电子束流输运到约16m远的样品测量室,慢正电子束斑尺寸基本没有变化,满足慢正电子束流系统的设计要求.     

OPTIMIZATION OF BEPC POSITRON SOURCE

Based on Monte-Carlo simulation and particle tracking,the positron source of BEPC is designed and the predicted performance is compared with experimental measurement with good agreement.Important conclusions can be drawn from the study presented in this paper,such as up to 10A increase in electron gun current is beneficial in spite of the deterioration effect on the beam spot size at the target; positron current increase with the bridge coil and solenoid currents of the positron of matching field peak to the target; the existance of the injection phased and their significance; the electron and positron from the target do not have to be separated and the R.F. separator is not necessary etc.The above results serve the purpose of directing the tune-up and operation of BEPC,providing a useful reference for future design of positron accelerators.     

BEPCⅡ Positron Source

BEPCⅡ— an upgrade project of the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC) is a factory type of e^＋e^－ collider. The fundamental requirements for its injector linac are the beam energy of 1.89GeV for on-energy injection and a 40mA positron beam current at the linac end with a low beam emittance of 1.6μm and a low energy spread of ±0.5% so as to guarantee a higher injection rate (≥50mA/min) to the storage ring. Since the positron flux is proportional to the primary electron beam power on the target, we will increase the electron gun current from 4A to 10A by using a new electron gun system and increase the primary electron energy from 120MeV to 240MeV. The positron source itself is an extremely important system for producing more positrons, including a positron converter target chamber, a 12kA flux modulator, the 7m focusing module with DC power supplies and the support. The new positron production linac from the electron gun to the positron source has been installed into the tunnel. In what follows, we will emphasize the positron source design, manufacture and tests.     

Development of the Low Energy Particle Toroidal Accumulator project

The Low Energy Particle Toroidal Accumulator (LEPTA), a positron storage ring with electron cooling, was constructed and put in operation at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna). The storage ring is a generator of directed beams of ortho-positronium (o-Ps) produced upon the recombination of the beam of positrons circulating in the storage ring with a single-pass electron beam. In 2004 the storage ring was put in operation with the circulating electron beam. The source of positrons of the positron injector was tested with a new radioactive source delivered from South Africa. The positron trap was put in operation for electrons. The electron cooling system was tested with a pulsed electron beam. The progress in commissioning LEPTA is described in this paper.