An isoperimetric problem for tetrahedra

It is proved that a regular tetrahedron has the maximal possible surface area among all tetrahedra having surface with unit geodesic diameter. An independent proof of O’Rourke-Schevon’s theorem about polar points on a convex polyhedron is given. A. D. Aleksandrov’s general problem on the area of a convex surface with fixed geodesic diameter is discussed. Bibliography: 4 titles. __________ Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 329, 2005, pp. 28–55.     

An isoperimetric inequality for the Wiener sausage

Let (ξ(s)) _{s?≥ 0} be a standard Brownian motion in d?≥ 1 dimensions and let (D _s ) _{s ≥?0} be a collection of open sets in ${\mathbb{R}^d}$ . For each s, let B _s be a ball centered at 0 with vol(B _s ) =?vol(D _s ). We show that ${\mathbb{E}[\rm {vol}(\cup_{s \leq t}(\xi(s) + D_s))] \geq \mathbb{E}[\rm {vol}(\cup_{s \leq t}(\xi(s) + B_s))]}$ , for all t. In particular, this implies that the expected volume of the Wiener sausage increases when a drift is added to the Brownian motion.     

An isoperimetric inequality for the Heisenberg groups

We show that the Heisenberg groups of dimension five and higher, considered as Riemannian manifolds, satisfy a quadratic isoperimetric inequality. (This means that each loop of length L bounds a disk of area ~ L ².) This implies several important results about isoperimetric inequalities for discrete groups that act either on or on complex hyperbolic space, and provides interesting examples in geometric group theory. The proof consists of explicit construction of a disk spanning each loop in . Submitted: April 1997, Final version: November 1997     

An isoperimetric function for Bestvina-Brady groups

Given a right-angled Artin group A, the associated Bestvina–Bradygroup is defined to be the kernel of the homomorphism A thatmaps each generator in the standard presentation of A to a fixedgenerator of . We prove that the Dehn function of an arbitraryfinitely presented Bestvina–Brady group is bounded aboveby n⁴. This is the best possible universal upper bound.     

A symmetry result for an overdetermined elliptic problem using continuous rearrangement and domain derivative

We develop a new method to prove symmetry results for overdetermined boundary value problems. This method is based on the use of continuous Steiner symmetrization together with derivative with respect to the domain. It allows to consider nonlinear equations in divergence form with dependence inr=|x| in the nonlinearity. By using the notion of “local symmetry” introduced by the first author, we prove that the domain is necessarily a ball. We also give an example where the solution of the overdetermined problem is not radially symmetric.     

An isoperimetric deficit upper bound of the convex domain in a surface of constant curvature

In this paper, we give a reverse analog of the Bonnesen-style inequality of a convex domain in the surface $ \mathbb{X} $ _∈ of constant curvature ∈, that is, an isoperimetric deficit upper bound of the convex domain in $ \mathbb{X} $ _∈ . The result is an analogue of the known Bottema’s result of 1933 in the Euclidean plane $ \mathbb{E} $ ².     

An existence result for dissipative nonhomogeneous hyperbolic equations via a minimization approach

We discuss a purely variational approach to the study of a wide class of second order nonhomogeneous dissipative hyperbolic PDEs. Precisely, we focus on the wave-like equations that present also a nonzero source term and a first-order-in-time linear term. The paper carries on the research program initiated in [14], and developed in [15], [21], on the De Giorgi approach to hyperbolic equations.     

An isoperimetric inequality for the principal eigenvalue of the Laplacian with drift

We generalize the classical Rayleigh–Faber–Krahn inequality to the case of the Dirichlet Laplacian with a drift. We also solve some optimization problems for the principal eigenvalue of the operator $?\mathrm{\Delta }+v?\mathrm{?}$ in a fixed domain with a control of the drift v in $L^{\infty }$. To cite this article: F. Hamel et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 340 (2005).     

An isoperimetric inequality for the first eigenfunction in the fixed membrane problem

Summary An isoperimetric inequality is obtained which relates theL ₁-andL ₂-integrals of the first eigenfunction in the problem of the vibrating clamped membrane.

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Zusammenfassung Für das Problem der eingespannten schwingenden Membran wird zwischen demL ₁-und demL ₂-Integral der ersten Eigenfunktion eine isoperimetrische Ungleichung hergeleitet.

     

An isoperimetric problem for sloshing in a shallow convex container

Zusammenfassung Es wird die Aufgabe der freien Flüssigkeitsschwingungen in Behältern geringer Tiefe untersucht, und zwar für ebene und axial-symmetrische Schwingungen. Insbesondere wird die Frage beantwortet, welchen Wert die zweite harmonische Schwingungsfrequenz höchstens annehmen kann, wenn zwar der Inhalt des Behälters vorgegeben ist, dagegen nicht seine Gestalt. Im Gegensatz zu einer früheren Untersuchung werden jedoch für dieses isoperimetrische Problem nur konvexe Behälter zugelassen. Mathematisch lässt sich das Ergebnis etwas weiter fassen: Es wird eine obere Schranke für den niedrigsten (nicht trivialen) Eigenwert einer Klasse von Sturm-Liouville Aufgaben ermittelt, wobei sich herausstellt, dass zur Abgrenzung dieser Klasse zwei feste Punkte im Integrationsintervall eine ausschlaggebende Rolle spielen.

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Dedicated to Professor H. Ziegler on his 60th birthday

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The work presented here was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant GP-7522.     

Upper bounds for the fundamental eigenvalue for a domain of unknown shape

For a particular eigenvalue problem in partial differential equations, upper bounds are established which do not depend on the shape of the domain but only on its size. The problem describes the free sloshing motions of an incompressible, inviscid fluid in a canal and furnishes upper bounds to the highest fundamental sloshing frequency which is attainable for a given cross-section area of the canal.This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. GP-22587. The author wishes to thank Prof. J. Hersch for valuable discussions on the Stekloff problem in general and on the problem treated in this paper in particular.     

Statistical inference for quantiles in the frequency domain

For second-order stationary processes, the spectral distribution function is uniquely determined by the autocovariance function of the process. We define the quantiles of the spectral distribution function in frequency domain. The estimation of quantiles for second-order stationary processes is considered by minimizing the so-called check function. The quantile estimator is shown to be asymptotically normal. We also consider a hypothesis testing for quantiles in frequency domain and propose a test statistic associated with our quantile estimator, which asymptotically converges to standard normal under the null hypothesis. The finite sample performance of the quantile estimator is shown in our numerical studies.     

An existence and uniqueness result for fractional order semilinear functional differential equations with nondense domain

In this paper, by using the Banach fixed point theorem, we study the existence and uniqueness of solutions of initial value problems for fractional order semilinear functional differential equations with nondense domain and obtain a new result.     

An isoperimetric inequality for uniformly log-concave measures and uniformly convex bodies

We prove an isoperimetric inequality for the uniform measure on a uniformly convex body and for a class of uniformly log-concave measures (that we introduce). These inequalities imply (up to universal constants) the log-Sobolev inequalities proved by Bobkov, Ledoux [S.G. Bobkov, M. Ledoux, From Brunn-Minkowski to Brascamp-Lieb and to logarithmic Sobolev inequalities, Geom. Funct. Anal. 10 (5) (2000) 1028-1052] and the isoperimetric inequalities due to Bakry, Ledoux [D. Bakry, M. Ledoux, Lévy-Gromov's isoperimetric inequality for an infinite-dimensional diffusion generator, Invent. Math. 123 (2) (1996) 259-281] and Bobkov, Zegarliński [S.G. Bobkov, B. Zegarliński, Entropy bounds and isoperimetry, Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 176 (829) (2005), x+69]. We also recover a concentration inequality for uniformly convex bodies, similar to that proved by Gromov, Milman [M. Gromov, V.D. Milman, Generalization of the spherical isoperimetric inequality to uniformly convex Banach spaces, Compos. Math. 62 (3) (1987) 263-282].     

An isoperimetric inequality for convex polygons and convex sets with the same symmetrals

Suppose that two distinct plane convex bodies have the same Steiner symmetrals about a finite number n of given lines. Then we obtain an upper bound for the measure of their symmetric difference. The bound is attained if, and only if, the directions of the lines are equally spaced and the bodies are two regular concentric polygons, with n sides, each obtained from the other by rotation through an angle /n. This result follows from a new isoperimetric inequality for convex polygons.