On galois descent for Hochschild and cyclic homology

LetG be a finite group acting by automorphisms on an algebraS over some commutative ringk. We show that if the action ofG restricted to the center ofS is Galois in the sense of [C-H-R], thenHH _*(S ^G)≊HH _* (S) ^G. An analogous result holds for cyclic homology, provided the order ofG is invertible ink. The author was supported in part by a grant from the NSF.     

The milnor-moore theorem in tame homotopy theory

LetX be a 1-connected space with Moore loop space ΩX. By a well-known theorem of J. W. Milnor and J. C. Moore [7] the Hurewicz homomorphism induces an isomorphism of Hopf algebrasU(π_*(ΩX) ⊗Q)→H _*(ΩX;Q). HereU(−) denotes the universal enveloping algebra and the Lie bracket on π_*(ΩX) ⊗Q is given by the Samelson product. Assume now thatX is the geometric realization of anr-reduced simplicial set,r≥3. LetL _X be a differential graded free Lie algebra over ℤ describing the tame homotopy type ofX according to the theory of [4]. Then the main result of the present paper is the construction of a sequence of morphisms of differential graded algebras betwenU(L _X ) and the algebraC U _*(ΩX)z of normalized cubical chains on ΩX such that the induced morphisms on homology with coefficientsR _k are isomorphismsH _r-1+l (U(L _x );R _k ) ≅H _r-1+l C U _*(ΩX);R _k ) forl≤k; hereR ₀⊆R ₁⊆… is a tame ring system, i. e.R _k )⊑Q and each primep with 2p−3≤k is invertible inR _k . However, it is no longer true that the Pontrjagin algebraH _≤r−1+k (ΩX; R _k ) of ΩX in degrees ≤r−1+k is determined by π_*(ΩX) or by a cofibrant (-fibrant) modelM of π_*(ΩX) as will be shown by an example. But there is a filtration onH _≤r−1+k (ΩX; R _k ) such that the associated graded algebra is isomorphic toH _≤r−1+k (U(M); R _k ).This will be proved by using a filtered Lie algebra model ofX constructed from a bigraded model of π_*(ΩX). Supported by a CNRS grant and PROCOPE Supported by PROCOPE     

Rank-one operators in reflexive one-sided<Emphasis Type="Italic">A</Emphasis>-submodules

In this paper, we first characterize reflexive one-sided A-submodulesU of a unital operator algebraA inB(H) completely. Furthermore we investigate the invariant subspace lattice LatR and the reflexive hull RefR, whereR is the submodule generated by rank-one operators inU; in particular, ifL is a subspace lattice, we obtain when the rank-one algebraR of AlgL is big enough to determined AlgL in the following senses: AlgL = Alg LatR and AlgL = RefR.     

Zur Idealtheorie in Gruppenalgebren von [FIA] B − -Gruppen

In this paper we consider closedB-invariant ideals in the group algebraL ¹(G), whereG is a locally compact group with a relatively compact groupB of topological automorphisms, which contains the set of all inner automorphisms. We study conditions when closedB-invariant ideals are completely determined by their hull. Also questions concerning the existence of approximate units in these ideals will be answered. Above all, we shall study these properties with regard to the relations between ideals inL ¹(G),L ¹ (G/N) andL ¹(N), whereN is a closedB-invariant subgroup ofG.     

X-inner automorphisms of enveloping rings

In this paper, we determine the X-inner automorphisms of the smash product R # U(L) of a prime ring R by the universal enveloping algebra U(L) of a characteristic 0 Lie algebra L. Specifically, we show that any such automorphism σ stabilizing R can be written as a product σ = σ₁σ₂, where σ₁ is induced by conjugation by a unit of Q₃(R), the symmetric Martindale ring of quotients of R, and σ₂ is induced by conjugation by a unit of Q₃(T). Here S = Q_l(R) is the left Martindale ring of quotients of R and T is the centralizer of S in S # U(L) - R # U(L). One of the subtleties of the proof is that we must work in several unrelated overrings of R # U(L).     

Smash products and outer derivations

LetR be a prime ring andL a Lie algebra acting onR as “Q-outer” derivations (if charR=p≠0, assume thatL is restricted). We study ideals and the center of the smash productR #U(L) (respectivelyR #u(L) ifL is restricted) and use these results to study the relationship betweenR and the ring of constantsR ^L . More generally, for any finite-dimensional Hopf algebraH acting onR such thatR #H satisfies the “ideal intersection property”, we useR #H to study the relationship betweenR and the invariant ringR ^H . The first author wishes to thank the University of Southern California for its hospitality while this work was being done. Research of the second author was partially supported by NSF Grant MCS 83-01393.     

Asymptotic behaviour of trajectories of unipotent flows on homogeneous spaces

We show that ifG is a semisimple algebraic group defined overQ and Γ is an arithmetic lattice inG:=G _R with respect to theQ-structure, then there exists a compact subsetC ofG/Γ such that, for any unipotent one-parameter subgroup {u _t} ofG and anyg∈G, the time spent inC by the {u _t}-trajectory ofgΓ, during the time interval [0,T], is asymptotic toT, unless {g ⁻¹u_tg} is contained in aQ-parabolic subgroup ofG. Some quantitative versions of this are also proved. The results strengthen similar assertions forSL(n,Z),n≥2, proved earlier in [5] and also enable verification of a technical condition introduced in [7] for lattices inSL(3,R), which was used in our proof of Raghunathan’s conjecture for a class of unipotent flows, in [8].     

Translation-invariant subspaces of functions on the group of linear transformations on the real line

The characterization of right translation-invariant subspaces ofL _∞(G ^*), where , is studied. We introduce the class of multiplier functions which, in the semisimple case, play a role similar to that played by the exponentials for the real line. However, it is proved that multiplier functions ofG ^* with respect toR fail to characterize right translation-invariant subspaces ofL _∞(G ^*). That is, we construct a right translation-invariant, w^*-closed subspace ofL _∞(G ^*) which contains no multiplier function. This paper is a part of the author's Ph.D. thesis prepared at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem under the supervision of Professor H. Furstenberg, to whom the author wishes to express his thanks for his helpful guidance, and valuable remarks.     

On the Kronecker pairing for mixed cusp forms

LetG⊃PSL(2,R) be a Fuchsian group of the first kind with no elements of finite order, and letS ^2m V be the 2m-fold symmetric power of the standard representationV ofSL(2,R) on C². We determine the value of the Kronecker pairing between the canonical image of a mixed cusp formf of type (2,2m) inH ¹(G, S ^2m V) and a cycleg ⊗Q _g ^m inH ₁ (G, (S ^2m V)^*) for eachg inG, whereQ _g ^m is an element of (S ^2m V)^* associated tog, m and a monodromy representation ofG.     

Bin packing can be solved within 1 + ε in linear time

For any listL ofn numbers in (0, 1) letL* denote the minimum number of unit capacity bins needed to pack the elements ofL. We prove that, for every positive ε, there exists anO(n)-time algorithmS such that, ifS(L) denotes the number of bins used byS forL, thenS(L)/L*≦1+ε for anyL providedL* is sufficiently large. The work of this author was supported by NSF Grant MCS 70-04997.     

On the centralizer ofK in the universal enveloping algebra of SO(n,1) and SU(n,1)

LetG _o be a non compact real semisimple Lie group with finite center, and letU U(g) ^K denote the centralizer inU U(g) of a maximal compact subgroupK _o ofG _o. To study the algebraU U(g) ^K , B. Kostant suggested to consider the projection mapP:U U(g)→U(k)⊗U(a), associated to an Iwasawa decompositionG _o=K _o A _o N _o ofG _o, adapted toK _o. WhenP is restricted toU U(g) ^K J. Lepowsky showed thatP becomes an injective anti-homomorphism ofU U(g) ^K intoU(k) ^M ⊗U(a). HereU(k) ^M denotes the centralizer ofM _o inU(k),M _o being the centralizer ofA _o inK _o. To pursue this idea further it is necessary to have a good characterization of the image ofU U(g) ^K inU(k)^M×U(a). In this paper we describe such image whenG _o=SO(n,1)_e or SU(n,1). This is acomplished by establishing a (minimal) set of equations satisfied by the elements in the image ofU U(g) ^K , and then proving that they are enough to characterize such image. These equations are derived on one hand from the intertwining relations among the principal series representations ofG _o given by the Kunze-Stein interwining operators, and on the other hand from certain imbeddings among Verma modules. This approach should prove to be useful to attack the general case. Supported in part by Fundación Antorchas     

On certain homomorphisms of restriction algebras of symmetric sets

LetG be a locally compact abelian group and Γ its dual group. For any closedH ⊆G denote the algebra of restrictions toH of Fourier transforms of functions inL ¹(Γ) byA(H). This paper considers certain Cantor like sets inR and ΠZ _m(j) and gives some necessary algebraic criterion fornatural isomorphisms of their restriction algebras. This work was supported mainly by the U.S. National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship Program. The author wishes to thank Paul Cohen, Karel de Leeuw, and Yitzhak Katznelson for their counsel.     

Separating convex sets in the plane

Given a setA inR ² and a collectionS of plane sets, we say that a lineL separatesA fromS ifA is contained in one of the closed half-planes defined byL, while every set inS is contained in the complementary closed half-plane.We prove that, for any collectionF ofn disjoint disks inR ², there is a lineL that separates a disk inF from a subcollection ofF with at least (n–7)/4 disks. We produce configurationsH _n andG _n , withn and 2n disks, respectively, such that no pair of disks inH _n can be simultaneously separated from any set with more than one disk ofH _n , and no disk inG _n can be separated from any subset ofG _n with more thann disks.We also present a setJ _m with 3m line segments inR ², such that no segment inJ _m can be separated from a subset ofJ _m with more thanm+1 elements. This disproves a conjecture by N. Alonet al. Finally we show that ifF is a set ofn disjoint line segments in the plane such that they can be extended to be disjoint semilines, then there is a lineL that separates one of the segments from at least n/3+1 elements ofF.     

Groups whose subgroups have small automizers

IfH is a subgroup of a groupG, theautomizer ofH inG is the group of all automorphisms ofH induced by elements of its normalizerN _G (H). the subgroupH is said to havesmall automizer ifAut _G (H)=Inn(H), i.e. ifN _G (H)=HC _G (H). This article is devoted to the study of groups for which many subgroups have small automizer. In Memoriam Valeria Fedri R. Brandl wishes to express his sincerest thanks for the warm hospitality offered by the Department of Mathematics of the University of Napoli “Federico II” for the time of writing this paper.     

Integral extensions of noncommutative rings

In this paper we study integral extensions of noncommutative rings. To begin, we prove that finite subnormalizing extensions are integral. This is done by proving a generalization of the Paré-Schelter result that a matrix ring is integral over the coefficient ring. Our methods are similar to those of Lorenz and Passman, who showed that finite normalizing extensions are integral. As corollaries we note that the (twisted) smash product over the restricted enveloping algebra of a finite dimensional restricted Lie algebra is integral over the coefficient ring and then prove a Going Up theorem for prime ideals in these ring extensions. Next we study automorphisms of rings. In particular, we prove an integrality theorem for algebraic automorphisms. Combining group gradings and actions, we show that if a ringR is graded by a finite groupG, andH is a finite group of automorphisms ofR that permute the homogeneous components, with the order ofH invertible inR, thenR is integral overR ₁ ^H , the fixed ring of the identity component. This, in turn, is used to prove our final result: Suppose that ifH is a finite dimensional semisimple cocommutative Hopf algebra over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic. IfR is anH-module algebra, thenR is integral overR ^H , its subring of invariants.     

The projection theorem for spectral sets

LetG be a locally compact group with polynomial growth and symmetricL ¹-algebra andN a closed normal subgroup ofG. LetF be a closedG-invariant subset of Prim_* L ¹(N) andE={ker; with |N(k(F))=0}. We prove thatE is a spectral subset of Prim_* L ¹(G) ifF is spectral. Moreover we give the following application to the ideal theory ofL ¹(G). Suppose that, in addition,N is CCR andG/N is compact. Then all primary ideals inL ¹(G) are maximal, provided allG-orbits in Prim_* L ¹(N) are spectral.Dedicated to Professor Elmar Thoma on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

Isoperimetric inequalities on minimal submanifolds of space forms

For a domainU on a certaink-dimensional minimal submanifold ofS ⁿ orH ⁿ, we introduce a “modified volume”M(U) ofU and obtain an optimal isoperimetric inequality forU k ^k ω _k M (D) ^k-1 ≤Vol(∂D) ^k , where ω _k is the volume of the unit ball ofR ^k . Also, we prove that ifD is any domain on a minimal surface inS ₊ ⁿ (orH ⁿ, respectively), thenD satisfies an isoperimetric inequality2π A≤L ²+A² (2π A≤L²−A² respectively). Moreover, we show that ifU is ak-dimensional minimal submanifold ofH ⁿ, then(k−1) Vol(U)≤Vol(∂U). Supported in part by KME and GARC     

A certain class of Jensen measures for uniform algebras

For any uniform algebraA and any pointq of the maximal ideal space ofA there exists a Jensen measureλ forq carried on the Shilov boundary forA such thatλ admits the generalized Brownian maximal function to each nonnegativeA-subharmonic function inC _R(X). The maximal function and its original function satisfy Doob’s inequality, Burkholder-Gundy-Silverstein inequalities and Fefferman-Stein inequality.     

Quasi-Hopf twistors for elliptic quantum groups

The Yang-Baxter equation admits two classes of elliptic solutions, the vertex type and the face type. On the basis of these solutions, two types of elliptic quantum groups have been introduced (Foda et al. [FIJKMY1], Felder [Fe]). Frønsdal [Fr1, Fr2] made a penetrating observation that both of them are quasi-Hopf algebras, obtained by twisting the standard quantum affine algebraU _q(g). In this paper we present an explicit formula for the twistors in the form of an infinite product of the universalR matrix ofU _q(g). We also prove the shifted cocycle condition for the twistors, thereby completing Frønsdal's findings.This construction entails that, for generic values of the deformation parameters, the representation theory forU _q(g) carries over to the elliptic algebras, including such objects as evaluation modules, highest weight modules and vertex operators. In particular, we confirm the conjectures of Foda et al. concerning the elliptic algebraA _q,p ( ).Dedicated to Professor Mikio Sato on the occasion of his seventieth birthday