载银羟基磷灰石抗菌粉体和陶瓷的制备及抗菌性能

采用水热法一步合成载银羟基磷灰石抗菌粉体(Ag-HA),并将其应用于抗菌陶瓷的制备。研究结果表明水热条件下HA实际载银量与AgNO₃加入量存在较好的线性关系。XRD和TEM分析结果显示Ag-HA与HA具有相同的晶体结构,水热条件下Ag⁺取代Ca²⁺在HA晶体中的位置,生成Ag_xCa_10-x(PO₄)₆(OH)₂。Ag-HA长度随Ag⁺掺入量的增加而增大,当Ag⁺掺入量增加至1.50%时,Ag-HA由棒状生长为晶须状。选择4.50% Ag-HA作为抗菌粉体,其掺入量为9wt%时,陶瓷的抗菌率>99.9%,此时釉料中Ag₃PO₄含量为0.56%,低于目前研究中釉料中Ag₃PO₄添加量(2wt%~4wt%),不但在一定程度上解决了抗菌陶瓷产品成本较高的问题,而且满足JC/T 897-2002(抗菌陶瓷制品抗菌性能)对抗菌陶瓷抗菌性能的要求。     

载银羟基磷灰石抗菌粉体和陶瓷的制备及抗菌性能

采用水热法一步合成载银羟基磷灰石抗菌粉体(Ag-HA),并将其应用于抗菌陶瓷的制备。研究结果表明水热条件下HA实际载银量与AgNO₃加入量存在较好的线性关系。XRD和TEM分析结果显示Ag-HA与HA具有相同的晶体结构,水热条件下Ag⁺取代Ca²⁺在HA晶体中的位置,生成Ag_xCa_10-x(PO₄)₆(OH)₂。Ag-HA长度随Ag⁺掺入量的增加而增大,当Ag⁺掺入量增加至1.50%时,Ag-HA由棒状生长为晶须状。选择4.50% Ag-HA作为抗菌粉体,其掺入量为9wt%时,陶瓷的抗菌率>99.9%,此时釉料中Ag₃PO₄含量为0.56%,低于目前研究中釉料中Ag₃PO₄添加量(2wt%~4wt%),不但在一定程度上解决了抗菌陶瓷产品成本较高的问题,而且满足JC/T 897-2002(抗菌陶瓷制品抗菌性能)对抗菌陶瓷抗菌性能的要求。     

Eu2+/Mn2+激活的M3MgSi2O8-M2SiO4(M=Ba,Ca)荧光粉的发光特性

采用高温固相法制备了Eu2+/Mn2+单激活和共激活的M3MgSi2O8-M2SiO4(M=Ba,Ca)两相荧光粉.通过X射线衍射(XRD)和荧光光谱(PL)对样品材料的晶体结构和光谱性能进行了表征.XRD测试结果表明所合成的样品具有M3MgSi2O8和M2SiO4两种晶相结构.PL测试显示,Eu2+在Ba3MgSi2O8-Ba2SiO4体系中发射442和502nm两个波带的光;而Eu2+在Ca2+部分取代Ba2+的BaCa2MgSi2O8-Ba1.31Ca0.69SiO4体系中发射420～520nm的连续波带,并且激发光谱向长波扩展,更加适用于被InGaN芯片(395 nm)激发.通过改变Mn2+的掺杂量可制得颜色可调的BaCa2MgSi2O8-Ba1.31Ca0.69SiO4:Eu2+,Mn2+白光荧光粉.     

Nd3+，La3+共掺杂氧化钇透明陶瓷的制备及其性能

采用氨水共沉淀法制备出 Nd3+,La3+共掺杂氧化钇粉体.将粉体在1 700 ℃真空条件下烧结4h成功制备出高质量的Nd3+,La3+共掺杂氧化钇透明陶瓷.对粉体和透明陶瓷样品的显微结构、光谱特性等用XRD、SEM、UV-Vis、FL等手段进行了表征和研究.结果表明:Nd3+和La3+均匀地溶解于氧化钇晶格之中,从而使氧化钇原有晶格常数变大,有序度下降.1100 ℃煅烧后粉体颗粒大小均匀,近似球形,粒径约60 nm,粉体具有Nd3+特有的荧光发射光谱特性.烧结后,透明陶瓷晶粒均匀,粒径约22.2 μm,晶粒内和晶界处都未见气孔存在:样品(厚度为2 mm)对800 nm光的透过率高达76%;主吸收峰位于821 nm处,吸收峰半高宽为5 nm.4F3/2→4I11/2这组发射跃迁的强度最大,荧光发射主峰位于1078 nm处,适合于作为激光透明陶瓷应用.     

Eu3+掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石生物荧光探针的制备、性能与表征

以Ca(NO3)2·4H2O,Eu2O3和(NH4)2HPO4为原料,采用反相微乳液-水热法制备出Eu3+掺杂羟基磷灰石纳米粒子.通过对产物纳米粒子的荧光光谱,TEM、XRD等测试分析,重点考察了Eu3+掺杂量对产物纳米结构和荧光性能的影响,并对荧光性能随其形貌变化的关系等进行了简要讨论.     

猪肝酯酶杂化“纳米花”的制备及其对菊酯类农药的水解性能研究

采用生物矿化策略,在磷酸盐缓冲液中制备了猪肝酯酶(Porcine liver esterase,PLE)杂化"纳米花"(Ca3(PO4)2-PLE)。利用扫描电镜、元素能谱分析及红外光谱对所制备的杂化"纳米花"进行了形貌和成分分析。对杂化"纳米花"制备过程中的参数进行优化,结果表明:在10 mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(p H 7. 4)中,猪肝酯酶质量浓度为0. 3 g/L,钙离子浓度为500 mmol/L,制备温度为20℃时,所制备的Ca3(PO4)2-PLE具有最高酶活,其酶活为同等酶浓度下液酶酶活的169%。将制备的Ca3(PO4)2-PLE用于4种菊酯类农药的酶解性能研究,发现相同条件下,Ca3(PO4)2-PLE的酶解率均优于液酶。此外,制备的Ca3(PO4)2-PLE用于菊酯农药酶解循环2次后仍保持70%以上的活力。     

C12A7-O-纳米材料的制备及抗菌活性

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了C12A7-O-{[Ca24Al28O64]4+·4(O-)}纳米材料. 采用X射线衍射、电子顺磁共振及透射电子显微镜等手段对制备的材料进行了表征. 结果表明, 在最佳焙烧条件(1150 ℃, 6 h)下制备的材料平均粒径为74 nm, 并具有晶胞参数为(1.199±0.004) nm的C12A7(Ca12Al14O33)笼状结构, 材料内包含浓度高达1.2×1020 cm-3的氧负离子(O-). 初步研究结果表明, 合成的C12A7-O-纳米材料具有良好的广谱抗菌作用.     

沉淀剂对CuO超细粉体形态与性能的影响

采用Cu(NO3)2为原料,分别以NH4HCO3、NH3·H2O、NaOH及NaOH与Na2CO3的混合液为沉淀剂,制备了CuO超细粉体,借助XRD、SEM、FT IR、TG DTA、TPR等技术对粉体形态结构与活性等进行了研究。结果表明,沉淀剂对CuO超细粉体的粒径、形貌、催化活性和氧化能力有显著影响;含Na+沉淀剂制备的CuO粉体的各种性能均优于含NH4+的沉淀剂,前者所得粉体具有晶粒细小、粒度分布均匀、比表面积大、催化活性高、氧化能力强等特点;由NaOH与Na2CO3混合液沉淀剂得到的Cu2(OH)2CO3前驱体,热解制备CuO超细粉体简便易行。     

Sr2.975-xCaxAlO4F∶Ce3+0.025荧光粉的制备及发光性能研究

采用高温固相法制备了Sr2.975-xCaxAlO4F:Ce3+0.025(0≤x≤1.0)发光材料,通过X射线衍射、荧光光谱测试分析,研究了Ca2+掺杂对晶体结构和发光性能的影响.XRD测试表明Ca2+的掺入并没有改变基质晶格的结构类型,且在Sr3 AlO4F基质中固溶极限不超过x=0.9.荧光光谱分析表明,Ca2+掺入后能有效提高发光强度,使激发光谱宽化和发射光谱红移,在Ca2+掺入量为x=0.4时发射强度最高.考察了Sr3-xCaxAlO4F:Ce3+(x =0,x=0.4)在不同Ce3+浓度的发射强度与峰值波长,发现Ca2+掺杂量由x=0增加至x=0.4时,对应的Ce3+的猝灭浓度由0.01降低至0.0025,并且Ce3+的猝灭机制为电偶极-电偶极相互作用.     

La_(1-x)Ca_xMnO_(3+δ)钙钛矿催化剂制备及其甲烷催化燃烧性能研究

采用柠檬酸配合法制备了系列La1-xCaxMn O3+δ(x=0,0.03,0.05,0.07,0.1,0.15,0.2)催化剂,采用低温N2物理吸附,氢程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、氧程序升温脱附(O2-TPD),X-射线衍射(XRD)和X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了其物理化学性质,并考察了甲烷催化燃烧活性.结果表明,当Ca摩尔掺杂量为0.1时,催化活性最好.XRD和BET表征结果表明Ca可以进入钙钛矿结构中,Ca掺杂对催化剂的比表面积无显著影响.H2-TPR和XPS表征结果表明Ca掺杂增加了Mn4+的含量.O2-TPD表征结果表明适量Ca掺杂可以降低晶格氧脱出温度.Mn4+具有较强氧化性,因此提高了催化活性,但随着Ca掺杂量增加,催化剂表面吸附氧含量有所减少,表明气相中氧难以迅速补充消耗的晶格氧,Ca掺杂量继续增加又会使催化活性有所下降.依据反应机理,Ca掺杂一方面可以促进Mn4+含量增加,有利于催化活性;另一方面会使催化剂表面吸附氧含量有所下降,降低了催化活性.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.