Averaging a transport equation with small diffusion and oscillating velocity

A complete asymptotic expansion is constructed for the transport equation with diffusion term small with respect to the convection. Error estimates are obtained by using matched asymptotic expansion technique and building all the boundary layer terms in time and in space, necessary for obtaining an accurate error estimate. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new model for gas flow in pipe networks

We introduce a new model for gas dynamics in pipe networks by asymptotic analysis. The model is derived from the isothermal Euler equations. We present the derivation of the model as well as numerical results illustrating the validity and its properties. We compare the new model with existing models from the mathematical and engineering literature. We further give numerical results on a sample network. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the flow of a cosserat fluid through a curved pipe

Summary A theoretical analysis is made of the flow of a Cosserat fluid in a curved pipe under a pressure gradient. It is assumed that the curvature of the pipe is small, that is the radius of the circle in which the central line of the pipe is coiled is large in comparison with the radius of the cross-section. Following Dean [2] a solution is developed by the method of successive approximation. The paths of the particles in the central plane and the projection of the streamlines on the cross-section of the pipe are compared with those of a Newtonian fluid. It is observed that in the theory of Cosserat fluids the curvature of the streamlines in the central plane increases and the motion is slower in the cross-section of the pipe. It is also shown that the rate of flow of a Cosserat fluid through a curved pipe is decreased due to the curvature of the pipe.

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Résumé On fait une analyse théorique de l'écoulement d'un fluide de Cosserat dans un tube sous un gradient de pression. On suppose que la courbature du tube est faible, c'est-à-dire que le radius du cercle qui fait la ligne du centre du tube est fort par rapport au radius de la coupe transversale.D'après Dean [2], on développe une résolution par approximations successives. On fait la comparaison des trajectoires des particules dans le plan central et la projection des lignes d'écoulement sur la coupe transversale du tube avec celles d'un fluide de Newton.On note que dans la théorie des fluides de Cosserat, la courbature des lignes d'écoulement dans le plan central augmente, et que la motion est ralentie dans la coupe transversale du tube. On démontre ensuite que le taux d'écoulement d'un fluide de Cosserat dans un tube courbe se diminue à raison de la courbature.

     

Asymptotic approximation of eigenelements of the Dirichlet problem for the Laplacian in a domain with shoots

We study the asymptotic behavior of the eigenelements of the Dirichlet problem for the Laplacian in a two‐dimensional bounded domain with thin shoots, depending on a small parameter ε. Under the assumption that the width of the shoots goes to zero, as ε tends to zero, we construct the limit (homogenized) problem and prove the convergence of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions to the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the limit problem, respectively. Under the additional assumption that the shoots, in a fixed vicinity of the basis, are straight and periodic, and their width and the distance between the neighboring shoots are of order ε, we construct the two‐term asymptotics of the eigenvalues of the problem, as ε→0. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Reinforcement of a thin plate by a thin layer

We study the bending of a thin plate, stiffened with a thin elastic layer, of thickness δ. We describe the complete construction of an asymptotic expansion with respect to δ of the solution of the Kirchhoff–Love model and give optimal estimates for the remainder. We identify approximate boundary conditions, which take into account the effect of the stiffener at various orders. Thanks to the tools of multi‐scale analysis, we give optimal estimates for the error between the approximate problems and the original one. We deal with a layer of constant stiffness, as well as with a stiffness in δ^?1. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fluid flow through a helical pipe

In this paper we study the flow of incompressible Newtonian fluid through a helical pipe with prescribed pressures at its ends. Pipe’s thickness and the helix step are considered as the small parameter ɛ. By rigorous asymptotic analysis, as ɛ→ 0 , the effective behaviour of the flow is found. The error estimate for the approximation is proved.     

Transformations with Improved Chi-Squared Approximations

Suppose that a nonnegative statistic T is asymptotically distributed as a chi-squared distribution with f degrees of freedom, χ²_f, as a positive number n tends to infinity. Bartlett correction T was originally proposed so that its mean is coincident with the one of χ²_f up to the order O(n⁻¹). For log-likelihood ratio statistics, many authors have shown that the Bartlett corrections are asymptotically distributed as χ²_f up to O(n⁻¹), or with errors of terms of O(n⁻²). Bartlett-type corrections are an extension of Bartlett corrections to other statistics than log-likelihood ratio statistics. These corrections have been constructed by using their asymptotic expansions up to O(n⁻¹). The purpose of the present paper is to propose some monotone transformations so that the first two moments of transformed statistics are coincident with the ones of χ²_f up to O(n⁻¹). It may be noted that the proposed transformations can be applied to a wide class of statistics whether their asymptotic expansions are available or not. A numerical study of some test statistics that are not a log-likelihood ratio statistic is discribed. It is shown that the proposed transformations of these statistics give a larger improvement to the chi-squared approximation than do the Bartlett corrections. Further, it is seen that the proposed approximations are comparable with the approximation based on an Edgeworth expansion.     

The initial value problem for creeping flow of the upper convected Maxwell fluid at high Weissenberg number

We consider the equations for time dependent creeping flow of an upper convected Maxwell fluid. For finite Weissenberg number, these equations can be reformulated as a coupled system of a hyperbolic equation for the stresses and an elliptic equation for the velocity. In the high Weissenberg number limit, however, the elliptic equation becomes degenerate. As a consequence, the initial value problem is no longer uniquely solvable if we just naively let the Weissenberg number go to infinity in the equations. In this paper, we make an a priori assumption on the stresses, which is motivated by the behavior in shear flow. We formulate a systematic perturbation procedure to solve the resulting initial value problem. Copyright © 2014 JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Linear,hydrodynamic flow in a rotating saturated porous medium

Linear, steady, axisymmetric flow of a homogeneous fluid in a rigid, bounded, rotating, saturated porous medium is analyzed. The fluid motions are driven by differential rotation of horizontal boundaries. The dynamics of the interior region and vertical boundary layers are investigated as functions of the Ekman number E(=v/ΩL ²) and rotational Darcy 3 numberN(=kΩ/v) which measures the ratio between the Coriolis force and the Darcy frictional term. IfN≫E ^−1/2, the permeability is sufficiently high and the flow dynamics are the same as those of the conventional free flow problem with Stewartson'sE ^1/3 andE ^1/4 double layer structure. For values ofN≤E ^−1/2 the effect of porous medium is felt by the flow; the Taylor-Proudman constraint is no longer valid. ForN≪E ^−1/3 the porous medium strongly affects the flow; viscous side wall layer is absent to the lowest order and the fluid pumped by the Ekman layer, returns through a region of thicknessO(N ⁻¹). The intermediate rangeE ^−1/3≪N≪E ^−1/2 is characterized by double side wall layer structure: (1)E ^1/3 layer to return the mass flux and (ii) (NE)^1/2 layer to adjust the interior azimuthal velocity to that of the side wall. Spin-up problem is also discussed and it is shown that the steady state is reached quickly in a time scaleO(N).     

Asymptotic analysis of a thin fluid layer-elastic plate interaction problem

We study the nonstationary flow of an incompressible fluid in a thin rectangle with an elastic plate as the upper part of the boundary. The flow is governed by a time-dependent pressure drop and an external force and it is modeled by Stokes equations. The dynamic of this fluid–structure interaction problem is studied in the limit when the thickness of the fluid domain tends to zero. Using the asymptotic techniques, we obtain for the effective plate displacement a sixth-order parabolic equation with a non standard boundary conditions. Results on existence, uniqueness and regularity of the solution are proved. The approximation is justified through a weak convergence theorem.     

一类非线性奇摄动方程的匹配解法和解的精度估计

利用匹配渐近展开法,研究了一类非线性奇异摄动方程.在适当的条件下,得出了该类问题解的渐近展开式.并将结果应用于例子,对渐近解与精确解和用两变量方法求得的解进行比较,可知所得到的渐近解达到了较高精度.     

具有边界摄动的非线性奇摄动椭圆型问题(英文)

研究了一类具有边界摄动的非线性奇摄动椭圆型问题.并证明了边值问题解的渐近展开的一致有效性.     

Homogenization of a stationary navier-stokes flow in porous medium with thin film

The article studies the homogenization of a stationary Navier-Stokes fluid in porous medium with thin film under Dirichlet boundary condition.At the end of the article,＂Darcy＇s law＂is rigorously derived from this model as the parameter ε tends to zero,which is independent of the coordinates towards the thickness.     

Heat Transfer Problem for the Boltzmann Equation in a Channel with Diffusive Boundary Condition*

In this paper,the authors study the 1 D steady Boltzmann flow in a channel.The walls of the channel are assumed to have vanishing velocity and given temperaturesθ₀ and θ₁.This problem was studied by Esposito-Lebowitz-Marra(1994,1995) where they showed that the solution tends to a local Maxwellian with parameters satisfying the compressible Navier-Stokes equation with no-slip boundary condition.However,a lot of numerical experiments reveal that the fluid layer does not entir...     

Boundary layer for 3D nonlinear parallel pipe flow of nonhomogeneous incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations

In this paper, we justify the mathematical validity of the Prandtl boundary layer theory for a class of nonlinear parallel pipe flow of nonhomogeneous incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations. The convergence for velocity is shown under various Sobolev norms. In addition, the higher‐order asymptotic expansions are also considered. And the mathematical validity of the Prandtl boundary layer theory for nonlinear parallel pipe flow is generalized to the nonhomogeneous case.     

On the plane couette flow of a viscous compressible fluid with transpiration cooling

The exact solution for the plane couette flow of a viscous compressible, heat conducting, perfect gas with the same gas injection at the stationary plate and its corresponding removal at the moving plate has been studied. It is found that the gas injection is very helpful in reducing the temperature recovery factor. Effects of injection on the shearing stress at the lower plate, longitudinal velocity profiles and the enthalpy are shown graphically.     

Non-isothermal flow through a rotating straight duct with wide range of rotational and pressure driven parameters

Numerical study is performed to investigate the Non-isothermal flow in a rotating straight duct under various flow conditions. Spectral method is applied as a main tool for the numerical technique, where the Chebyshev polynomial, the Collocation methods, the Arc-length method and the Newton-Raphson method are also used as secondary tools. The characteristics of the flow mentioned above are described here. The incompressible viscous steady Non-isothermal flow through a straight duct of rectangular cross-section rotating at a constant angular velocity about the center of the duct cross-section is investigated numerically to examine the combined effects of Rotation parameter (Coriolis force), Grashof number (parameter which is used in heat, transfer studies involving free, forced or natural convection and is equql to \(\frac{{L^3 g\beta \Delta {\rm T}}}{{v^2 }}\), where L is the characteristic length, ρ the density, g the acceleration due to gravity, β the thermal expansion coefficient, ΔT the temperature difference, μ the viscosity and ν the kinematic viscosity of the fluid. The expansion coefficient β is a measure of the rate at which the volume V of the fluid changes with temperature at a given pressure P), Prandtl number, aspect ratio and Pressure-driven parameter (centrifugal force) on the flow. We examine the structures in case of rotation of the duct axis and the Pressure-driven parameter with large aspect ratio where other parameters are fixed. The calculations are carried out for 0 ≤ T _r ≤ 300, 2 ≤ γ ≤ 6, G _r = 100, P _r = 7.0 and 0 ≤ P _r ≤ 800 by applying the Spectral method. When Ω > 0 and the rotation is in the same direction as the Coriolis force enforces the centrifugal force, multiple solutions of Non-symmetric the secondary flow patterns with 10-vortex (maximum) are obtained in case of T _r = 100 and 150 with large aspect ratio. The intense of the temperature field is very strong near the heated wall in all cases. Finally, the overall solutions of the problems considered in conclusion.