聚变示范堆气体注入系统氚渗透分析

以中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)的堆芯参数为例, 参照ITER 的相关工程设计,对聚变示范堆(DEMO) 气体注入系统(GIS)作出了初步的管道布局考虑。基于此布局,计算了稳态运行下GIS 含氚管道气流压降,对燃料储存与输运系统的泵压头提出了要求,得出相应泵压头下GIS 的氚渗透量。计算结果表明,重力势是管道气流压降的主要原因,在负压情况下,GIS 的氚渗透对整体氚循环的影响不大。这为研究DEMO 的氚自持问题提供了相关参数,为GIS歧管布局的进一步优化奠定了基础。     

Tritium gas handling system for muon catalyzed fusion research at RIKEN-RAL muon facility

For muon catalyzed fusion (μCF) experiments at RIKEN-RAL muon facility, a tritium gas handling system for a high purity D–T target, free from ³ component, has been constructed to perform precise measurements of α-sticking probability in the μCF cycle. The system has been constructed to enable us to purify the target D–T gas by removing ³He component, to adjust the D/T mixing ratio, and to measure the hydrogen isotope components at the experiment site. The whole performance has been confirmed and a tritium gas with the inventory of 56 TBq (1500 Ci) has been operated in the system. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

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介绍了作为ITER气体加料系统关键技术之一的管道穿透结构的设计工作进展,给出了偏滤器窗口延伸部分和低温冷屏以及上窗口延伸部分和环向真空封闭法兰的管道穿透结构设计和初步分析结果。     

ITER送气系统穿透结构设计

介绍了作为ITER气体加料系统关键技术之一的管道穿透结构的设计工作进展,给出了偏滤器窗口延伸部分和低温冷屏以及上窗口延伸部分和环向真空封闭法兰的管道穿透结构设计和初步分析结果。     

ITER气体注入系统汇集管道现场安装阶段的检漏方案

根据ITER设计真空手册泄漏检测的要求,提出了ITER气体注入系统汇集管道在现场安装阶段的检漏方案。对汇集管道内管的检漏采用真空氦喷吹法进行,按照窗口小室的焊接顺序,每完成一个窗口小室内的焊接就进行一次检漏。对内管检漏所需要的最长抽气时间和最长反应时间进行了评估。结果表明,单次检漏的抽气时间在30min以内,检漏的反应时间在10min以内。对汇集管道包容管的检漏采用正压氦吸枪法进行,在包容管所有焊接均完成后一次性进行检漏。     

Characterization of asymmetric polymeric membranes by gas permeation

Polycarbonate films (thickness 18, 25 and 38 microm) were irradiated by a beam of 100MeV Ni7+ ion. The permeability for hydrogen and carbon dioxide was measured from both sides of membrane at increasing etching time. These membranes show larger permeability from the irradiation side, than the reverse side indicating the formation of conical tracks and asymmetrical membrane. The stopping range (Se) of 100MeV Ni7+ ion beam in polycarbonate is 22microm, for 18microm thick membrane the etching time at which the permeability increases rapidly is less than that of 38microm thick membrane, for both the gases. The difference in permeability from the two sides is attributed to the conical shape of the track generated by the ions. The controlled flow rate of the membrane leads to the design of a special type of gas filter.     

ITER气体注入系统含氚管道的等效漏率评估

氚的泄漏会对公众安全和环境造成危害,有必要对含氚管道的泄漏进行分析。对ITER气体注入系统的含氚管道进行分析,对触发系统氚报警阈值(3×10⁵Bq·m^-3/环境安全值,1×10⁸Bq·m^-3/系统安全值)时,氚送气管、离子源管以及中性化管泄漏的等效空气漏率进行了计算。结果表明,氚送气管泄漏的风险最高。虽然氚送气管的气体压力低于包容管的夹层压力,但由于管道的氚浓度高,漏率大于3.2×10^-8 Pa·m³·s^-1时会触发报警。而在离子源管中虽然氚浓度低,但管道的气体压力远高于包容管的夹层压力,漏率大于6.1×10^-6 Pa·m³·s^-1时会触发氚报警。气体注入系统含氚管道泄漏的氚危害不可忽视,必须进行实时监测和防护。     

聚变裂变混合堆的氚工艺和氚增值剂研究

本文简要介绍聚变堆氚工艺和氚增殖剂研究的现状和我所在混合堆氚增殖剂和氚工艺研究中取得的成果,并对这一领域的继续发展提出了一些建议． In this paper the recent status and unsolved problems on tritium technologyand tritium breeding material study for fusion-fission hybrid reactor (FFHR) are described.The achievements in the research area in our institute are briefly introduced.Some suggestions on further tritium research are given.     

Characterization of nuclear tracks by positron annihilation and gas permeation

The application of polymeric membrane in combination with metallic films can be used for gas purification in particular for hydrogen where the molecular size is very small. The affinity of hydrogen to certain metals assists the flow of hydrogen, although it restricts the permeation of other gases. However, the flow rate is very small in dense membranes. Attempts have been made to generate nuclear tracks in polymeric membranes to control the gas flow. These tracks can be characterized by positron lifetime spectroscopy and gas permeation measurements. The long lifetime of ortho-positronium gives the estimate of size of the track-free volume of the order of 0.25 nm. The nuclear tracks can be modified by a chemical etching process. The chemical etching normally takes place from both sides of the membrane. When the etched pits from both sides meet, a rapid increase in gas permeation is observed. The size of the nano opening of the track has been observed for two different gases hydrogen and carbon dioxide, which have a molecular size of 0.2 and 0.4 nm, respectively.     

RFNC-VNIIEF Tritium Technologies for Fundamental Science

The present paper reviews the research equipment and techniques previously and currently under development in RFNC-VNIIEF to perform studies in such fundamental areas as muon catalyzed fusion, exotic quantum systems at the stability boundary, measuring magnetic moment of neutrino, etc. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.