活性红2的微波辅助芬顿脱色处理 ——一个开放综合实验的设计

设计了一个开放综合实验.实验利用微波辅助芬顿对染料活性红2进行降解脱色处理,并对降解前后的紫外光谱、红外光谱、化学需氧量进行测定.实验涉及仪器分析、染料化学、环境工程等领域的知识与操作,有助于中、高年级学生对所学知识的融会贯通,从而提升学生的创新意识和能力.     

微波场协同提取紫背天葵色素的研究

研究了微波提取紫背天葵(Begonia fimbristipula Hance)色素的新工艺,并确定了最佳工艺条件：提取剂为φ(C2H5OH)=60％的乙醇,提取剂与原料用量比为1：60,微波功率为648W,提取时间为200s,提取次数为2次。最佳工艺条件下的色素提取率为96．8％,产率为9．98％,色价E(1％,526m)为10．5,产品pH值为6．5。与溶剂浸提法相比,微波法提取紫背天葵色素的每次提取时间由24h减少到200s,提取率从95．9％增加到96．8％。     

响应面优化微波辅助Fenton法降解活性艳蓝KN-R

以活性艳蓝KN-R为降解目标,通过单因素和响应面法优化了微波辅助Fenton法降解工艺.探讨了FeSO₄·7H₂O浓度、30%H₂O₂投加量、溶液酸度、微波功率、反应与静置时间等因素对脱色率的影响,并利用响应面法优化了脱色条件.结果表明,在FeSO₄·7H₂O物质的量浓度为0.10 mmol/L、30%H₂O₂加入量为1.74 mL/L、溶液pH值为3.8、微波功率为222 W、微波时间为6 min、静置时间为40 min时,活性艳蓝KN-R脱色率可达95.26%.     

活性嫩黄K-4G在碳糊电极上的电化学研究

研究活性染料常用的嫩黄基础谱带——活性嫩黄K-4G,在具有较小表面积（约为0．07cm^2）的碳糊电极上的电化学响应行为。在-1．0～1．3V的扫描电位窗内,活性嫩黄K-4G显示良好的电氧化还原性质,电极反应速率为吸附控制,电极反应机理为先质子化后电氧化还原。     

活性艳红K-2BP与环糊精相互作用的电化学研究

本文研究了活性艳红K-2BP的极谱伏安行为。实验表明:在0.1 mol/L的NaCl(pH 6.9)底液中,活性艳红K-2BP有一稳定、灵敏的还原峰。用线性扫描极谱法考察了活性艳红K-2BP与环糊精的相互作用,测定了活性艳红K-2BP与各种环糊精的包结比和包结常数;对不同类型环糊精的包结能力进行了比较;初步探讨了影响包结能力大小的可能因素。     

活性艳红K-2G与环糊精相互作用的极谱伏安法研究

研究了单偶氮染料活性艳红K-2G的极谱伏安行为。实验表明：在底液为0．1mol／L的NaGl溶液中活性艳红K-2G有一稳定的、灵敏的还原峰,峰电位约为-0．78mV（vs．SEE）。用线性扫描二阶导数极谱法研究了活性艳红K-2G与不同环糊精的相互作用。采用“电流法”测定了包结常数,比较了不同类型环糊精的包结能力,初探了包结点的可能位置,并对其进行了理论分析。     

微波无极紫外光助双氧水处理活性艳红X-3B染料废水研究

活性艳红X-3B(C.I.ReactionRed 2)是一种单偶氮染料,其应用范围广泛,可用于棉、粘纤、涤/棉、锦纶、蚕丝、羊毛、锦/粘等织物的染色和丝绸的印花,因此其废水量大且色度深。目前染料废水的生物处理方法脱色效果差、占地面积大、处理周期长,传统的物理法和化学法也存在着成本高、不能彻底矿化染料分子等缺点。近年来发展起来的光化学处理染料废水的方法及各种光化学组合技术日益受到人们关注,但其中使用的普通紫外灯存在使用寿命短、启动慢、发光不稳定、电极材料易损等缺点[1],致使光化学方法处理废水的成本很高。本文利用微波产生的高频…     

表面活性剂协同微波提取紫背天葵色素的研究

从紫背天葵(begonia fimbristipula hance)中提取了紫背天葵色素,并优化了提取条件;提取剂为0．03％(w)的K12-45％(φ)乙醇水溶液,用量为每克原料加入30mL提取剂,微波功率为464w,提取时间为200s,提取次数为2次提取率为94．8％,产率为9．31％;色价E(1％,510nm)为23．7．产品pH值为6．4与溶剂浸提法相比,每次提取时间减小36倍,提取率增加22．3％。     

钛基RuOx-PdO电极光电降解活性艳红K-2BP的研究

以自制钛基RuOx-PdO电极为阳极, 钛片为阴极, NaCl、NaNO3、Na2SO4等为支持电解质, 研究了活性艳红K-2BP的光电降解行为. 结果表明, 钛基RuOx-PdO 电极光电降解活性艳红K-2BP时, 其适用性较强, 可在低电流密度、较大的pH值区间和较宽的废污物浓度范围内达到较好的脱色效果；在pH≈6.0、NaCl浓度为0.02 mol·L-1、电流密度为0.25 mA·cm-2及室温条件下, 20 mg·L-1活性艳红K-2BP溶液经光电降解30 min, 脱色率可以达到91.6%. 在本实验条件下, 活性艳红K-2BP的脱色降解主要是光电降解与电生活性氯在紫外光照下生成HO?誗、O-和Cl?誗等强活性物种共同作用的结果.     

甘氨酸母液脱色活性炭的微波法再生研究

脱色甘氨酸母液的废活性炭,是一类吸附有有机胺类聚合物且难以再生的危险固体废弃物。本文探索性地开展了微波法再生脱色甘氨酸母液废活性炭的研究,考察了活性炭在微波炉中的放置方式、含水率以及微波反应条件等对活性炭再生率和炭损率的影响,分别采用红外光谱法、BET法对活性炭进行了分析表征。实验结果表明,在功率640 W、反应时间8 min的条件下,废活性炭的再生率达99%、综合再生率达59.0%,对再生活性碳进行红外光谱分析表明,在微波功率大于480 W后,微波辐射能有效去除废活性炭中的有机物;在微波功率800W条件下,再生活性炭的BET比表面积由废活性炭的128.15 m2/g提高到1398.5437 m2/g,已达到新鲜活性炭的性能。     

DFT Study on Intermolecular Cleavage Reaction of N-（2-Hydroxyphenyl）-phthalamic Acid

The reaction mechanisms of intermolecular cleavage reaction of N-（2-hydroxyphenyl）-phthalamic acid were studied via the density functional theory（DFT）. All geometries of the reactant, transition states, and products were optimized at the B3LYP/6-31G（d, p） level. Vibration analysis was carried out to confirm its identity as transitions＇ structure, and the intrinsic reaction coordinate method（IRC） was used to search the minimum energy path. Two possible reaction channels are reported in this article. The calculated results indicate that O-cyclization reaction channel has the lower activation barrier, and therefore, it occurs more easier than the other.     

Biosynthesis of (R)-3-hydroxyalkanoic acids by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli

An efficient system for the production of (R)-hydroxyalkanoicacids (RHAs) was developed in natural polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-producing bacteria and recombinant Escherichia coli. Acidic alcoholysis of purified PHA and in vivo depolymerization of PHA accumulated in the cells allowed the production of RHAs. In recombinant E. coli, RHA production was achieved by removing CoA from (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA and by in vivo depolymerization of PHA. When the recombinant E. coli harboring the Ralstonia eutropha PHA biosynthesis genes and the depolymerase gene was cultured in a complex or a chemically defined medium containing glucose, (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid (R3HB) was produced as monomers and dimers. R3HB dimers could be efficiently converted to monomers by mild alkaline heat treatment. A stable recombinant E. coli strain in which the R. eutropha PHA biosynthesis genes were integrated into the chromosome disrupting the pta gene was constructed and examined for the production of R3HB. When the R. eutropha intracellular depolymerase gene was expressed by using a stable plasmid containing the hok/sok locus of plasmid R1, R3HB could be efficiently produced.     

两个基于[Fe(bpca)(CN)3]-的一维3d-4f异金属配合物的合成和晶体结构

以[(bpca)Fe(CN)3]-(bpca=二(2-吡啶羰基)酰胺阴离子)为构筑基元,设计合成了2个新颖的3d-4f异金属配合物,{[(bpca)Fe(CN)3Pr(H2O)5]Cl2}n(1)和{[(bpca)2Fe2(CN)6Pr(H2O)6]Cl·4H2O}n(2),并测定了它们的晶体结构.化合物1的晶体属正交晶系,Pnma空间群;而化合物2属三斜晶系,P1空间群.在这2个化合物中,[(bpca)Fe(CN)3]-和[Pr(H2O)x]3 (1,x=5;2,x=6)交替排列形成一维链状结构,并通过π-π堆积作用、氢键作用及分子间短距离相互作用形成三维网络结构.     

-(取代色酮-3-基)-α-丙氨酸的合成

3-甲酰基色酮1a～1h与马尿酸反应, 生成缩合产物色酮-3-基吖内酯2a～2h, 水解后得到相应的β-(取代色酮-3-基)-α-丙氨酸3a～3h.     

Fe3O4/壳聚糖季铵盐磁共振造影剂的制备及肝造影性能

采用季铵盐化壳聚糖(HTCC)对Fe₃O₄进行表面改性, 成功制备在模拟生理环境中悬浮稳定的超顺磁性Fe₃O₄/HTCC复合纳米粒。通过动态光散射、透射电镜、振动样品磁强计、磁共振等手段对材料的性能进行表征, 并考察了其细胞相容性及磁共振造影性能。结果表明: 该方法所制备的超顺磁性复合纳米粒粒径均一, 模拟生理环境中具有良好的分散稳定性;体外实验表明该磁性纳米粒具有良好的细胞相容性;大鼠体内肝脏磁共振造影实验表明Fe₃O₄/HTCC纳米粒注入后, 大鼠肝实质信号强度明显下降, 因此Fe₃O₄/HTCC纳米粒有望作为潜在的阴性造影剂应用于肝磁共振造影检测。     

Fe3O4/壳聚糖季铵盐磁共振造影剂的制备及肝造影性能

采用季铵盐化壳聚糖(HTCC)对Fe₃O₄进行表面改性,成功制备在模拟生理环境中悬浮稳定的超顺磁性Fe₃O₄/HTCC复合纳米粒。通过动态光散射、透射电镜、振动样品磁强计、磁共振等手段对材料的性能进行表征,并考察了其细胞相容性及磁共振造影性能。结果表明:该方法所制备的超顺磁性复合纳米粒粒径均一,模拟生理环境中具有良好的分散稳定性;体外实验表明该磁性纳米粒具有良好的细胞相容性;大鼠体内肝脏磁共振造影实验表明Fe₃O₄/HTCC纳米粒注入后,大鼠肝实质信号强度明显下降,因此Fe₃O₄/HTCC纳米粒有望作为潜在的阴性造影剂应用于肝磁共振造影检测。     

Transition metal complexes of N-1-tosylcytosine and N-1-mesylcytosine

The syntheses as well as chemical and X-ray structural characterization of dichlorobis[1-(p-toluenesulfonyl)cytosine]copper(II) (2), its solvated pseudopolymorph containing two methanol molecules (3), dichlorobis[1-(p-toluenesulfonyl)cytosine]cadmium(II) (4), 1-methanesulfonylcytosine (6) and its copper complex dichlorobis(1-methanesulfonylcytosine)copper(II) (7) are described. In addition, spectroscopic studies of dichlorobis[1-(p-toluenesulfonyl)cytosine]cobalt(II) (5), as well as of dichlorobis(1-mesylcytosine)cadmium(II) (8) are presented. Pseudopolymorphs 2 and 3, as well as their 1-mesylcytosine analog 7, reveal square-planar coordination spheres, almost ideal in the case of 2, but considerably distorted in the case of 3 and 7. In all cases, the Cu(II) ion is coordinated by two endocyclic N3 atoms from two ligand molecules and by two chlorine atoms. The analogous coordination sphere was found in complex 4, where Cd(II) lies in the center of a slightly distorted tetrahedron formed by two endocyclic N3 atoms and by two chlorine atoms.     

Synthesis and Stereochemistry of (1S,3S,4S,7R11R)-3-(4-Nitrophenyl)-11-aza-2,6-dioxatricyclo[5,3,1,04,11]undecane

The reaction of (1S,2S)-2-amino-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3-propanediol with glutaraldehyde has been studied. It has been established on the basis of AM1 and PM3 calculations and ¹H NMR spectra recorded in the presence of the shift reagent Eu(fod)₃ that (1S,3S,4S,7R,11R)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-11-aza-2,6-dioxatricyclo[5,3,1,0^4,11]undecane is formed as the result of the reaction.     

Conformations of Z- and E-isomers of some chiral (1R,4R)-2-arylidene-p-menthan-3-ones

The ¹Í NMR method in combination with molecular simulation was used to study conformations of Z- and E-isomers of (1R,4R)-cis-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)benzylidene-p-menthan-3-one. In solutions the Z-isomer, unlike the conformationally uniform Å-isomer, is an equilibrium mixture of chair conformers with the substantial predomination of one form with the axially oriented methyl and equatorial isopropyl groups (75—78%). The enone group is more nonplanar in the Z-isomer than in the Å-isomer. For the isopropyl fragment, the equiprobable existence of trans- and two gauche-rotamers for the Z-isomer and a substantial predomination of gauche-forms in the case of the E-isomer were established.     

(R)-3-氨基哌啶双盐酸盐的合成工艺研究

以外消旋的3-哌啶甲酸乙酯为原料,经手性拆分,胺基Boc保护,胺解,Hofman降解,脱保护成盐酸盐共五步反应制得R-3-氨基哌啶双盐酸盐,所得目标化合物经质谱、核磁共振氢谱确认,总收率达43.1%。