BN诱导BiOI富氧{110}面的暴露并增强其可见光催化氧化性能（英文）

光催化剂的暴露晶面极大地影响其光催化性能。因此,本文以Bi OI为模型材料,提出了一种提高材料光催化氧化性能的新策略。本文中,BN纳米片的成功复合诱导Bi OI纳米片更倾向于暴露富含表面晶格氧原子的{110}晶面。表面晶格氧原子可以直接参与NO的氧化反应,生成NO2。可见光催化氧化NO性能测试表明,Bi OI复合BN后,NO的去除率可达44.2%,相比于纯相Bi OI (1.4%)提升接近30倍。本文通过构建2D/2D光催化剂来调控材料富氧晶面的暴露,为增强催化剂的光催化氧化性能提供了新的策略。     

具有{110}面的锐钛矿TiO_2单晶的可控合成与光催化性能

采用水热法合成了同时具有最高表面能{110}和{001}晶面的锐钛矿TiO2单晶,通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜和激光拉曼光谱等手段对样品的形貌和结构进行了表征,并系统考察了过氧化氢、氢氟酸和反应温度等关键因素对所得样品中{110}面比例的影响,实现了持续提高{110}面比例的过程.在光催化降解亚甲基蓝反应中,具有{110}面的锐钛矿TiO2单晶的光催化活性显著高于无{110}面的单晶.     

La掺杂BiOI微球可见光下光催化氧化NO性能研究

Photocatalytic oxidation has been widely acknowledged as an economical and effective technology for the treatment of low-concentration NO. Three-dimensional (3D) BiOI microspheres, which are typical visible-light responsive semiconductor photocatalysts, often suffer from quick recombination of photogenerated carriers and unsatisfactory electrical conductivity when applied in NO photocatalytic oxidation reactions. However, owing to their micro-sized structures, they are usually difficult to couple with other semiconductors and co-catalysts because of their incompact interfaces that provide insufficient contact. In this study, a rare-earth metal (La) doping strategy was first adopted to modify BiOI microspheres via a simple one-step solvothermal method; subsequently, the photocatalytic NO oxidation performance under visible light illumination was systematically investigated. Further, the La precursors and doping contents were optimized. It was found that La(NO₃)₂ was the best precursor when compared to LaCl₃ and La(AC)₃. Moreover, 0.3%La/BiOI exhibited the best NO photocatalytic conversion efficiency of up to 74%, which was significantly higher than that of the pure BiOI benchmark (44%). It also exhibited excellent stability during the continuous 5-cycle experiments. Analysis of the physicochemical properties revealed that La doping facilitated the crystallization of BiOI without altering its morphology and structure. La³⁺ may enter the BiOI lattice by substituting Bi³⁺ or forming La₂O₃ nanoclusters that homogeneously scatter in the mesopores of BiOI microspheres. The analysis of the underlying mechanism further revealed that La doping not only enhanced the light harvesting properties by decreasing the bandgaps of BiOI and accelerating the charge separation and transfer dynamics, but also introduced more oxygen vacancies and facilitated the formation of more OH radicals by dissociating the water molecules. All these factors co-contributed to the promotion of NO photocatalytic oxidation activities. Furthermore, NO was mainly oxidized to NO₂ over La/BiOI, and the formed NO₂ tended to desorb from the catalyst surface, which not only maintained the intactness of active sites and facilitated the sustainable occurrence of NO photocatalytic oxidation reactions, but also prevented the photocatalysts from frequent washing-regeneration; therefore, these factors account for the superior photocatalytic stability of La/BiOI and its long-term operation. The formed NO₂ could be easily and totally absorbed by the tail alkaline liquid, thereby effectively avoiding secondary pollution. Therefore, this study elucidates that doping is indeed a feasible and effective approach for the modification of 3D BiOI microspheres, while providing inspiration for the rational design and modification of other 3D semiconductor materials for various photocatalytic applications.      

源于铋玻璃的富氧空位BiOCl光催化材料的原位合成及性能

氧空位对光催化材料的可见光吸收范围与电子-空穴分离效率都具有重要影响,铋玻璃内含有丰富的氧空位缺陷.采用盐酸腐蚀铋玻璃原位合成BiOCl光催化材料,研究了玻璃网络外体对氧空位浓度的影响规律,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及电子顺磁共振(EPR)对合成的BiOCl材料的结...     

NiFe2O4八面体极性{111}晶面的电荷分离及其在可见光下增强的光催化活性

暴露活性晶体表面已被证明是提高光催化性能的有效措施.然而,所涉及的光催化机制尚不清楚.实验发现具有暴露{111}晶面并且表面吸附Cl-离子的NiFe2 O4八面体的光催化活性能通过氢化反应得到增强.氢化除去吸附在NiFe2 O4八面体表面的Cl-离子和-OH基团,暴露出不饱和的金属原子,这些不饱和的金属原子是光催化反应...     

部分氧化碳化硅提高钯催化氧还原反应性能

燃料电池具有能量转换效率高的优点,是能量转换与储存的高效器件之一.目前,燃料电池阴极氧还原反应(ORR)动力学缓慢,并且催化ORR大量使用铂碳(Pt/C)催化剂,由于Pt储量少,价格高,载体碳材料易发生碳蚀导致催化剂稳定性降低,限制了其进一步商业化应用.钯(Pd)与Pt为同族元素,具有相似的电子结构和化学性质,其储量是...     

一种暴露CeO2{100}晶面的铈钛复合氧化物合成及其负载Au催化剂一氧化碳低温氧化性能研究

利用水热法制备了一种具有花朵状形貌的铈钛复合氧化物,该复合氧化物主要暴露CeO₂{100}晶面。SEM、XRD表征结果表明,花朵状铈钛复合氧化物的形成主要分为两个阶段,即无定型的快速生长及缓慢结晶两个过程;在制备过程中,铈钛比例、KOH浓度、晶化时间和焙烧温度是该形貌形成的主要影响因素。其负载Au催化剂后常温即能实现CO的完全转化;TEM和H₂-TPR结果表明,暴露的CeO₂{100}晶面以及Au和载体的强相互作用是该催化剂具有高活性的主要原因。     

Bi/BiOI/(BiO)2CO3异质结可见光催化净化NO的性能增强

窄带隙Bi OI光催化剂因电荷重组速率快而导致其可见光下的光催化效率较低.本文以NaBH4为还原剂,采用简单的常温原位组装法在Bi OI上构建氧空位、金属Bi颗粒和Bi_2O_2CO_3共作用,以克服Bi OI的缺点.在合成的三元Bi/BiOI/(BiO)_2CO_3中,氧空位、双异质结(即Bi/BiOI和Bi OI/(BiO)_2CO_3)以及Bi粒子的表面等离子体共振效应均促进了电子-空穴分离和电荷载流子浓度的增加,从而提高了可见光的整体光催化效率.将制备的催化剂用于可见光下去除连续流空气中的ppb级NO.结果表明, Bi/BiOI/(BiO)_2CO_3的NO去除率显著增强,大约为50.7%,并远高于BiOI(1.2%).密度泛函理论计算和实验结果表明, Bi/BiOI/(BiO)_2CO_3复合材料可明显促进光催化NO氧化的活性氧生成.本文可提供一个新的策略来改性窄带隙半导体和探索其他含铋异质结构的可见光驱动光催化剂.XRD结果发现, BOI-70中出现Bi和(BiO)_2CO_3的特征峰,但BOI却很微弱; XPS结果表明,高价态Bi~(3+)被NaBH4部分还原而形成低价态金属Bi颗粒,且I3d峰位结合能进一步证实了BOI-70样品中存在BiOI,由此可见,成功制备了三元Bi/BiOI/(BiO)_2CO_3异质结催化剂, EPR结果表明氧空位的产生.SEM和TEM结果表明, Bi OI和三元Bi/BiOI/(BiO)_2CO_3催化剂为纳米片组装的花状结构.HRTEM的结果进一步显示了金属铋、正方晶相Bi OI和(BiO)_2CO_3对应的晶格间距.紫外-可见光催化去除NO的测试结果表明, BOI-70(50.7%)的光催化活性明显高于BOI(1.2%)和P25(11.5%),且在循环测试实验中表现出优异的稳定性.UV-visDRS测试结果显示, BOI-70具有更强的光吸收;PL结果表明,其光生电子-空穴对的分离效率更高.ESR结果表明,参与反应的主要活性物种为·O2-和·OH自由基.DFT计算结果证实了OVs对电荷载流子的局部环境和快速传输:OV为电子捕获陷阱,使电子从OVs转移到O_2分子形成活性氧物种;O2表面的吸附能从无缺陷BiOI时的–0.29 e V降到有缺陷的–0.76 eV, O-O键长从1.30增至1.37?,说明OVs通过降低氧的吸附能可促进O2分子在光催化剂表面的吸附.综上所述,由于BiNPs的异质结效应和SPR效应以及OVs的存在, Bi/BiOI/(BiO)_2CO_3三元体系的原位组装通过增加载流子浓度和加速电子空穴分离使光催化活性显著增加.     

部分氧化碳化硅提高钯催化氧还原反应性能（英文）

燃料电池具有能量转换效率高的优点,是能量转换与储存的高效器件之一.目前,燃料电池阴极氧还原反应(ORR)动力学缓慢,并且催化ORR大量使用铂碳(Pt/C)催化剂,由于Pt储量少,价格高,载体碳材料易发生碳蚀导致催化剂稳定性降低,限制了其进一步商业化应用.钯(Pd)与Pt为同族元素,具有相似的电子结构和化学性质,其储量是Pt的50倍,同时, Pd具有良好的抗甲醇毒性和抗一氧化碳毒性,因此,被视为燃料电池中阴极Pt催化剂的潜在替代品.但商用Pd/C催化剂的ORR活性较Pt/C差,因此,大量的研究工作集中在提高Pd基ORR催化剂的活性方面:将Pd与具有3d轨道的金属形成合金或将Pd负载到不同的载体上.通过选择合适的载体影响Pd的电子结构,从而提高催化剂活性和稳定性,是一种较简单的、有利于规模化生产Pd基ORR催化剂的方法.碳化硅(SiC)具有良好的电化学稳定性、热稳定性、机械强度和较强的供电子能力,可被用作ORR的金属催化剂载体.然而,由于金属与SiC作用较弱,需要制备特殊形貌的SiC或将SiC表面改性;通常,这些SiC基载体的制备过程复杂并且成本高.而在有氧条件下制备、保存或使用SiC时,...     

Surface Modulation of Iron-doped MoS2 Nanosheets by Phytic Acid for Enhanced Water Oxidation

Surface modulation and heteroatom doping are important approaches for boosting the electrocatalytic performances of MoS₂ nanosheets. As a molecular electrocatalyst, the natural organic phytic acid (PA) offer attractive intermediate for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, a surface modulation strategy is demonstrated through the decoration of PA onto the basal plane of iron (Fe)-doped MoS₂ nanosheets supported on nickel foam (NF) for boosted OER activity. Experimental results indicate that the PA modification and Fe doping could effectively boost the charge transfer and mass transport during the OER process. Specially, PA2-Fe−MoS₂ grown on NF (PA2-Fe−MoS₂/NF) exhibits excellent OER activity (218 mV@20 mA cm⁻²) and durability, even superior to RuO₂ and many other previously reported OER catalysts. This natural organic molecule modification provides a facile strategy to designing low-cost and efficient electrocatalytic materials.     

VPO催化剂的再生性质及其对晶格氧选择氧化丙烷的影响

采用脉冲反应器,研究了ＶＰＯ催化剂的再生性质及其对晶格氧选择氧化丙烷制丙烯酸和乙酸的影响,结果表明,ＶＰＯ催化剂与气相分子氧反应的速度要比丙烷与其 和氧反应的速度慢许多,因此以丙烷－Ｏ２共进料方式进行反应时,催化剂氧化再生是速度控制步骤,水是影响催化剂选择性的重要因素,但对活性影响不大,在反应温度下,水在ＶＰＯ催化剂 为可逆吸附,容易脱附流失,催化丙烷反应生成目的的产物的活性中心很稳定,主要是晶格     

钨酸铋量子点和纳米片修饰石墨相氮化碳复合催化剂的制备及其可见光催化活性增强

利用超声-水热法、使用油酸钠辅助合成钨酸铋(Bi₂WO₆)量子点/纳米片修饰的石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)(Bi₂WO₆/g-C₃N₄)复合光催化剂。 通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、N₂吸附-脱附等技术手段获得Bi₂WO₆/g-C₃N₄催化剂的组成、结构和光吸收性能,分析合成机理。 以罗丹明B(RhB)水溶液为模拟污染物,考察Bi₂WO₆/g-C₃N₄复合催化剂的可见光催化活性。 结果表明:g-C₃N₄和Bi₂WO₆的质量比为3:7的Bi₂WO₆/g-C₃N₄-30具有最有效的异质界面,电化学阻抗和光电流测试结果显示该催化剂的光生载流子传输速率快、复合率低,可见光照射120 min对RhB的降解率达到95.8%;通过活性物质捕捉实验获知光生空穴是光催化反应中的主要活性物质,分析异质界面对光催化活性的影响,进而提出光催化反应机理。     

Binder-Free Fabrication of Prussian Blue Analogues Based Electrocatalyst for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation

Developing a cost-effective, efficient, and stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst is of great importance for sustainable energy conversion and storage. In this study, we report a facile one-step fabrication of cationic surfactant-assisted Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) M_x[Fe(CN)₅CH₃C₆H₄NH₂]∙yC₁₉H₃₄NBr abbreviated as SF[Fe-Tol-M] (where SF = N-tridecyl-3-methylpyridinium bromide and M = Mn, Co and Ni) as efficient heterogeneous OER electrocatalysts. The electrocatalysts have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In the presence of cationic surfactant (SF), PBAs-based electrodes showed enhanced redox current, high surface area and robust stability compared to the recently reported PBAs. SF[Fe-Tol-Co] hybrid catalyst shows superior electrochemical OER activity with a much lower over-potential (610 mV) to attain the current density of 10 mA cm⁻² with the Tafel slope value of 103 mV·dec⁻¹ than that for SF[Fe-Tol-Ni] and SF[Fe-Tol-Mn]. Moreover, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) unveiled that SF[Fe-Tol-Co] exhibits smaller charge transfer resistance, which results in a faster kinetics towards OER. Furthermore, SF[Fe-Tol-Co] offered excellent stability for continues oxygen production over extended reaction time. This work provides a surface assisted facile electrode fabrication approach for developing binder-free OER electrocatalysts for efficient water oxidation.     

Surface Engineering of g‐C3N4 by Stacked BiOBr Sheets Rich in Oxygen Vacancies for Boosting Photocatalytic Performance

BiOBr containing surface oxygen vacancies (OVs) was prepared by a simple solvothermal method and combined with graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C₃N₄) to construct a heterojunction for photocatalytic oxidation of nitric oxide (NO) and reduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂). The formation of the heterojunction enhanced the transfer and separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers. Furthermore, the surface OVs sufficiently exposed catalytically active sites, and enabled capture of photoexcited electrons at the surface of the catalyst. Internal recombination of photogenerated charges was also limited, which contributed to generation of more active oxygen for NO oxidation. Heterojunction and OVs worked together to form a spatial conductive network framework, which achieved 63 % NO removal, 96 % selectivity for carbonaceous products (that is, CO and CH₄). The stability of the catalyst was confirmed by cycling experiments and X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy after NO removal.     

铈钼氧化物表面氧性质和催化性能

在甲苯选择性氧化制苯甲醛反应中,Mo基氧化物是一类重要的催化剂[1]．通常的认识是反应物与催化剂表面晶格氧作用,并通过催化剂本身的还原和氧化的循环过程促使反应进行。生成产物．因此,催化剂表面不同氧物种的热脱附性能应与催化反应性能密切相关．对于Ce-Mo氧化物的TPD-MS研究,尚未见文献报导．为了能获得该方面的信息,本文应用程序升温脱附-质谱检测（TP-MS）联用技术,对Ce-Mo氧化物样品进行了表面氧TPD谱测定和动力学参量等计算,并试图与其催化性能进行关联．1实验部分1．1样品的制备和表征分别将一定质量的硝酸铈铵和仲…     

MoO3/TiO2 和WO3/TiO2 光催化分子氧氧化甲烷的活性

以Ｓｏｌ－Ｇｅｌ法制备的、表面积和孔径相近的含水ＭｏＯ３／ＴｉＯ２、ＷＯ３／ＴｉＯ２为催化剂,光催化分子氧氧化甲烷,初步研究表明,催化剂的活性高于ＴｉＯ２,且有少量的甲醇生成。     

Constructing Ordered Three‐Dimensional TiO2 Channels for Enhanced Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Performance in CO2 Conversion Induced by Au Nanoparticles

As a typical photocatalyst for CO₂ reduction, practical applications of TiO₂ still suffer from low photocatalytic efficiency and limited visible‐light absorption. Herein, a novel Au‐nanoparticle (NP)‐decorated ordered mesoporous TiO₂ (OMT) composite (OMT‐Au) was successfully fabricated, in which Au NPs were uniformly dispersed on the OMT. Due to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect derived from the excited Au NPs, the TiO₂ shows high photocatalytic performance for CO₂ reduction under visible light. The ordered mesoporous TiO₂ exhibits superior material and structure, with a high surface area that offers more catalytically active sites. More importantly, the three‐dimensional transport channels ensure the smooth flow of gas molecules, highly efficient CO₂ adsorption, and the fast and steady transmission of hot electrons excited from the Au NPs, which lead to a further improvement in the photocatalytic performance. These results highlight the possibility of improving the photocatalysis for CO₂ reduction under visible light by constructing OMT‐based Au‐SPR‐induced photocatalysts.     

基于纳米CdS对尿酸的光催化氧化和铜(Ⅱ)配合物对氧的电催化还原的燃料电池性能

以纳米硫化镉薄膜修饰的铟锡氧化物电极(CdS/ITO)作光阳极, 铜(Ⅱ)配合物[Cu(phen)(L-Trp)·(H₂O)]⁺(phen=1,10-菲啰啉, L-Trp=L-色氨酸)修饰单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)电极作阴极, 构建了光催化尿酸(UA)燃料电池, 并研究了其性能及热处理温度的影响. 结果表明, 在40 ℃以下获得的纳米CdS修饰电极在320~550 nm波长区间显现明显的吸收和光伏响应, 在可见光辐射下能光催化氧化UA; 较高温度的热处理(200~300 ℃)却降低了纳米CdS对UA的光催化氧化活性. [Cu(phen)(L-Trp)(H₂O)]⁺/SWCNTs电极在-0.131 V电位下呈现一对准可逆的氧化还原峰, 并能电催化还原O₂和H₂O₂. 此外, 基于UA在CdS/ITO电极上的光催化氧化及O₂在[Cu(phen)(L-Trp)(H₂O)]⁺/SWCNTs电极上的电催化还原, 组装了UA(0.2 mmol/L)燃料电池, 其在可见光照射(0.18 mW/cm²)下产生0.52 V开路电压, 13.08 μA/cm²短路光电流, 在0.41 V下呈现的最大功率密度为4.10 μW/cm².